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Kafka's Metamorphosis


            Kafka's The Metamorphosis presents the reader with many different themes throughout the story, including the significance of entrapment versus escape, as well as dependence. At first glance it can be seen as a simple story of a young man who wakes up one morning as a vermin, yet Kafka makes sure to highlight the changed relationships between the family members after the metamorphosis takes place, showing the intricacy/depth of the story. The story takes place during a time very demanding of people in society, and Gregor Samsa is a man trapped in this society, working hard at a job leading him nowhere. However, when the metamorphosis takes place, everything revolving around Gregor changes, especially his family members. The change within the members of Gregor's family is significant in showing the change from entrapment to freedom, while also emphasizing the main theme of dependence. All the characters in this story are dependent on one another, and as a result, are presented as disgusting/morbid either literally or symbolically. Through the relationships portrayed in this story, Kafka shows that dependence is dehumanizing for both parties and independence is a necessity to the human condition. .
             Before his metamorphosis, Gregor is a grown human capable of making his own decisions and taking necessary actions, yet he never once "takes action", showing lack of confidence in himself and in his decision making skills. Gregor had to work full-time as the sole provider for his family, and in thinking about it, he says to himself, "it will probably take another five or six years [to get] the money together to pay off my parents" debt to him (the boss)" (4). Gregor is given complete responsibility to care for his family [and get them out of debt], and as a result, his family becomes entirely dependent on him for money [and a sense of security]. Due to Gregor's continued care for his family, they quickly grew accustomed to the incoming money, and were no longer fazed by Gregor's accomplishments, "although later on Gregor earned enough money to meet the expenses of the entire family and actually did so.


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