The one thing that unifies all livings is that they die. Therefore it is no suprise that cultures create believes and legends around death. Death gives meaning to life. Any ones belief in life is going to be influenced by their interpretation of the significance of death. While death is a common theme, the view of it is different in all cultures. Below, I will outline attitudes towards death in Egyptian, and Mesopotamian cultures. I will limit this topic primarily to these two prehistoric cultures.
Of all the ancient cultures, Egypt appears to be the most preoccupied with death. They looked at it more as a continuation of life. There is a distant split in the theory of the afterlife between the commoners and the pharaohs. For the commoners death meant facing judgment according to The Book of the Dead. In the book it explains that in the final judgment, the confessions of the heart will be weighed based on how pure their heart is. The purity is based on a set of 'rules' which are: I have not done iniquity. I have not robed with violence. I have not done violence [to any man]. I have not commeted theft. I have not slain man or woman. I have not made light with the bushel. I have not acted deceitfully. I have not uttered falsehood. I have not defiled the wife of a man. I have not stirred up strife. I have not cursed the god. I have not behaved.
*1 Adopted by The Egyptian book of the Dead, edited by E.Wallis Budge (secauses, Ney Jersey: University Books, Inc., 1977, pp. 576-577). with insolence. I have not increased my .
wealth, except with such things as are my possessions.*1 If the commoners live by this code they theoretically get into the Field of Rushes. .
The inscriptions on the outside of the coffins or tombs were answers to questions the dead would face in the after life. There they go before Osiers (god of the dead) and repeat the inscriptions which is the beginning of the trial of innocence.
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