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Stoicism: Ariadne's Thread T


Although ill-conceived, it appears that there may have been some noble intent behind St. Augustine's manipulation of Stoicism.
             Christianity was not the only civilization that used Stoic ideas to increase strength and power; the Roman Empire did so as well. Once it had been embraced by Roman upper class intellectuals who were taught by Greek scholars, Stoicism became an integral component in Rome's thoughts and actions. By upholding a popular system of thought, the leaders of Rome sustained, if not increased, power through the support of its population.
             The endurance of Stoicism must not only be attributed to its ability to help a civilization maintain power; its attractiveness to downtrodden peoples in times of collapse also contributed to Stoicism's survival. As Parkinson illustrates in his account of the subsequent collapses of Greek and Roman civilizations, the civilizations suffered from internal decline due to a combination of economic failure and social decay. This caused a deep sense of societal despair among the lower classes, and a strong sense of injustice. Stoicism's principles of universality and equality offered a sense of hope that justice might be served.
             Although highly informative, this article does not adequately explain its central theme, the evolution of Stoicism, clearly enough for neophytes. With only references made to the teachings of Plato and "Ariadne's thread" (9), it quickly becomes clear that this chapter is intended for those with some background knowledge in the study of international relations. Furthermore, the fact that this quite complex chapter is only one part of a book indicates the great depth of study that is required in the philosophy of international relations. .
             A contributing factor to the complexity of the chapter is the way in which it is structured. Parkinson relates his historical account in chronological order, with the exception of a two-page deviation in which he describes the classical Greek notions of the fundamental principles, equality and universality.


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