harp-lute. The xalam of Senegal, a plucked lute, is thought.
to be a close relative of the African-American banjo. The.
single stringed goge fiddle is played by Hausa musicians in.
northern Nigeria. Harps are found in a broad belt running.
north of the equator from Uganda to Mauritania. Lyres are.
played in Ethiopia, Sudan, Uganda, and Kenya. The musical.
bow, which includes of a string stretched between two ends.
of a flexible stave, performs an important role in the.
traditional music of southern African peoples, such as the.
San, Xhosa, and Zulu.
Music plays an important role in African social life.
It serves as the transferal of knowledge and values and for.
celebrating important communal occasions. Even in societies.
with well-developed traditions of experts who are musically.
inclined, if anyone attempts to participate it is considered.
a normal part of life.
In many African religions sound is believed to be one.
of the primary means by which deities and humans presume.
order on the universe. In the great kingdoms that developed.
from the 9th through the 21st century in various parts of.
Africa, professional musicians played a crucial role as.
historians. Among the societies of the West African savanna, .
poets still recount the histories of powerful lineage's and.
offer counsel to contemporary rulers. Music is often used to.
organize work activities. In Pygmy societies of the Central.
African rain forest, singing and vocal cries are used to.
coordinate the movements of hunters through the brush. In.
southern Africa, herd boys use flutes and other instruments.
to control the movement of cattle.
In African societies, the important stages of a.
person's life are often marked by specific types of music.
There are games, songs and music , weddings, title-taking.
ceremonies, funerals, and ceremonies for the ancestors. .
The standard style of music, which blends the aspects of.
African, European, and Middle Eastern traditions. In most.
parts of Africa, popular music was established by workers.
