, 1992 p.56). Consequently, Daft and Marcic (1998) described Lillian as being more interested in the human aspect of labor, making research into industrial psychology and personnel management her greatest contributions. Lastly, for contributors of the scientific approa!.
ch, Henry Ford (1863-1947) revolutionized the concept of mass production and the assembly line by incorporating the concept used by the meat packing industry, with his own ideas to develop and revolutionize the modern car industry (Meggison et al., 1992).
As stated by Daft and Marcic (1998), Max Weber (1864-1920), a German theorist, contributed to management the creation of the conceptual bureaucratic organization. Many of his concepts are still utilized and contribute to today's corporations. Consequently, Henri Fayol (1841-1925) was changing the way management was thought of in France (Meggison et al., 1992). His theory was that there were certain management principles that could be applied to all "organizations", in turn developing "administrative management" (Meggison et al., 1992 p. 53). Mary Parker Follett (1868-1933), on the other hand focused more on human relations rather than on scientific type approaches in order to increase production. Follett's studies allowed for other theorists to study new areas, including Chester I. Barnard (1886-1961). His contribution was the introduction of the informal organization concept. He believed that if properly managed, this could be a powerful tool in helping the organization achieve its' goals (Daft and Marcic, 1998).
Longenecker and Pringle (1984) stated that by utilizing the scientific approach, the goal was to "increase employee productivity through a systematic, scientific analysis of the employee's work" (p.26). The concept was based on giving employees economic incentives if production was increased to a level deemed appropriate for the type of work by the scientific study.
