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Addiction


The individual at this stage continues to think about recovery but is unable to give a serious commitment to a recovery program. .
             3. Preparation stage. The addict at this stage is seriously considering starting a recovery program.
             4. Action stage. The individual has refrained from drug use at this stage.
             Pg. 4.
             5. Maintenance stage. The individual has been free of substances for at least a six-month time frame.
             Levinthal references the spiral model of the stages to clearly illustrate that a patient may pass through these stages several times throughout the recovery process. 2.
             The fifth key component that facilitates successful recovery includes a strong support system of family and friends. Addiction is quite an insidious disease that has a very harmful rippling effect that impacts all members of the addict's family. Counselling for family members is a necessity and will provide the forum for the venting of their frustrations and will also afford the family members the opportunity to recognize their own behaviours that inadvertently contribute to the addiction. Typically, family members will adopt characteristics in order to cope with the chaos, unpredictability and possible violence in their dysfunctional home environment. Levinthal identifies the following five different types of enablers:.
             1. Controlling - In an extreme desperate effort and often underlying manipulative manner, a family member may engage in self-harmful behaviour or attempt suicide in an effort to control the addict's behaviour. Family members may attempt to control the addict's behaviour by showering him with gifts or engaging in over achieving behaviours in an attempt to make the addict happy in the mistaken belief that this will prompt the addict into abstinence or recovery. .
             Pg. 5.
             2. Avoiding and shielding - A family member will purposely avoid the family environment because of feelings of shame, fear and embarrassment.


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