One most noted theorist is Abraham Maslow; he carried out his investigations into human behavior and developed the hierarchy of needs theory. Maslow suggested that there are five sets of goals which may be called basic needs. These five are physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization—that exists in a hierarchical order and can be compared to c

How can managers reward and recognize employees? One most often used reward is money. However, this reward can be costly to the company and may not hold the attention of employees long. Managers can consider giving employees a promotion, bonus, or profit share. There are some rewards managers can give employees that will not cost the company as much money. The manager can reward employees with plaques, gift certificates, funds for books and seminars, trips, lunches or dinners, just to name a few. In short, managers should remember to always support, communicate, and praise the work of an employee, which could be the most beneficial reward of all (Bruce and Pepitone 46-47).

Another best known contributor to the behavior of individuals at work was Douglas McGregor. McGregor had an extensive background in management and consultation; he was also a trained psychologist (Daft and Marcic 37). In 1960, he published a book called, “The Human Side of Enterprise.” In his book he examined two models which he called Theory X and Theory Y.

Over 50 years ago, a man named Frederick Herzberg had his own theory about employee job satisfaction. Herzberg interviewed a group of employees to find out what made them satisfied and dissatisfied with their jobs. His interviews revealed that there are two fundamental dimensions to job satisfaction: motivation and hygiene. Motivation factors include achievement, recognition, responsibility and job advancement. These are the job elements that fulfill individuals’ needs. Hygiene factors, on the other hand, do not motivate but can minimize dissatisfaction. Examples of hygiene factors include reasonable salary, interpersonal relations and good working conditions. These factors are associated with the employee’s environment. According to Herzberg, if a manager pays close attention to both of these factors; they will create good employee satisfaction (“Employee Job Satisfaction”).

limbing a ladder. Once a lower level need has been fulfilled, the person seeks to fulfill the next hig

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