... it is a big disadvantage of having lay magistrates in the English system. Lay magistrates are however also useful to have in the English system because they hear over one million cases a year. This is ninety-seven percent of all criminal cases and twenty times the number of the Crown Court. Lay magistrates ... a salary so they are doing a good and hard job for free. This is a big advantage because it reduces the overall price of hearing a case. The role of a magistrate is to deal with either criminal jurisdictions or civil jurisdictions. A magistrate has five different roles when dealing...

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• Grade Level: High School

... appointed by the Lord Chancellor or the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, in the name of the Crown. Magistrates are ordinary members of the community who sit in the Magistrates' Courts and who dispense justice at the lowest level of the English court system. They are unpaid for what ... they do and therefore are not servants of the Crown. This supports their position of impartiality between the Crown and the public whom they serve. English lay magistrates are not learned in the ... law - they do not hold legal qualifications, nor have they formally studied law to any level other tha...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There are several themes in Lord of the Flies that can be related to everyday government. Everyone is fighting. There is a particular group that opposes other's beliefs. This group feels that their way is the best way ... gathering food, building shelters to sleep under, and keeping a fire aflame at all times so that maybe they would be spotted by someone flying over or passing by. Some form of government had to be established to keep everyone unified. The group decided they needed a leader. Some thought that Jack should be the leader since he was the oldest in the ... people following him....

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... the prosecutions case. If there is not enough evidence held against the defendant to face trial the magistrate will make the decision of allowing the defendant to go. If there is enough evidence to present for the defendant to stand trial the magistrate will make the decision ... of the date of the trials occurance and the court that it will be placed in. The trial of the indictable offence will then be heard either in a District or Supreme court.The defendant will be given ... the judge hears all circumstances including character referances, prior convictions and then sentences or puni...

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... in which he was referring to a knife. If his quick thinking and reflexes had not been available at that precise moment his chances of surviving would have been monstrously low. Any average man or woman who did not have such mental and physical and reflexes, would have surely been ... dead at this point of time. My verdict would include charging them under the account of murder. I believe that attempting to murder someone, should be given the same consequence as a murder itself. If this ... would have been the case, in this trial, the girls would have received seven to fourteen years of ...

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... was a serial killer who haunted the city and suburbs surrounding Los Angeles, CAlifornia, in the 1980's. Ramirez grew up in El Paso, Texas. He was the product of a hard working Mexican family. His father was a police officer, and his mother a home maker, who would knit scarves and sweaters to sell on the street for ... old he began to be obsessed with nudity, pornagrapy, and sex, He once said, " there is notheing I wanted more than the body of a naked woman." Ramirez began sneaking around his small town late at night and spying on the neighbors as they made love. This was the first ... ...

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... , church or other organizations yet if an opportunity exists, they will seek to take advantage in a situation where a home may go unguarded. The general theory of crime has a biosocial element to the concept of self-control. It recognizes the constant dissimilarities in one's propensity to commit crime. Reasons taken into account stem from inherited traits or from development where there lacks ... parenting. When there are no proper social skills, a person's neural pathways are physically disabled. Gottfredson and Hirschi feel that the tendency to commit crimes may be accredited by a pers...

• Word Count: 395
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , so that they can provide a benefit for others. In my opinion, this poem would be the best piece to offer a criminal returning to society after twenty years of incarceration. "Let us, then, be up and doing, with a heart for any fate; still achieving, still pursuing, learning to labor and wait". (145 ... (145, lines 11-12) The speaker encourages the reader to act in a way that they achieve more tomorrow than they did today. "A Psalm of Life" is a message to everyone that they should live life to the fullest, bettering themselves day by day in order to leave behind something that ... othe...

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• Grade Level: High School

... will come next, and he may not be thinking into the future very much, and does not know what his identity will become. Billy tells Johnny about the idea of a secret organization of foster boys. He does not tell Johnny about the mugging; only tells him, he will be provided with food and shelter. When Billy gave him the note, he calls ... not prepared to be a gang leader. This is apparent when he is shocked, as he witnesses a mugging of a man, by the gang. Towards the end of the book, this is probably where Johnny and his identity change the most during the entire book. A few of the facto...

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... boards as well as parents and students all over the United States. There have been quite a few public schools who have started the enforcement of school uniforms as an experiment. It is believed that if students were made to wear uniforms the crime and discipline in public schools would decrease ... allegations. For that reason, uniforms should not be mandatory in the public school systems. Some arguments against the enforcement of school uniforms are that uniforms are just an extreme measure of the school's dress codes, whether or not school violence would lessen if student were made to...

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... and rehabilitation are all suitable. A legal system is necessary in our society and the maintenance of this system requires punishment. However, the main focus of all punishment should be to improve society as a whole. As citizens of a community we abide by an implied social contract theory. This theory is simply that society ... criminal should be sent to jail in order to stop him/her from reverting to the same thing again. In the case of a major infraction, such as certain murder cases, capital punishment should be used. The case must be tried in court and if ... person is found guil...

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... (in rare cases) get a college degree behind bars. In certain states there is even a loophole that can give inmates, that have a life sentence, a chance of parole. Though, Im not saying that prison life the way it is now is a walk in the park. Prison life is very dangerous. Male inmates are likely to ... in some instances have used rape and set up deadly fights as a way to punish inmates. Prisons are unsanitary, some have feces flooded cells, are full of pests, rodents, and are an easy place for diseases to pass through human contact. Prison is also degrading, inmates are subject to dres...

• Word Count: 614
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• Grade Level: High School

... and led her even more deeply into sin. And so her love turns to hatred of the betrayer. Love has little chance of surviving against the intensity of her concern for her own purity and clarity of conscience. For her there can be none of the excuses that we might make: that she did not intend wrong-doing, that ... she was led into it, that it was not really her fault. If Bertrande wants to cleanse herself of sin, she must cease to accept the role of wife. At first she tries to deal with this by begging her "husband" to leave her, but when he refuses, saying that it ... would confirm her i...

• Word Count: 283
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... that freedom. Much like in the short story "Blue Against White" by Jeanette Armstrong, I felt very out of place in the big city. Everyone spoke Spanish, people would stare at me because of the color of my hair, and I could not go anywhere by myself because it was too dangerous. I was unprepared to ... was Mexico City's air. After being in Mexico for awhile I became acustomed to it like a stale perfume. The cars in Mexico City generate a lot of pollution and so do smokestacks from factories. I did not get sick from the water because we had a water purifier on the faucet. However, when we ...

• Word Count: 475
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... structured and well thought-out under the circumstances he was in completely astonishes me. The "Letter from Birmingham Jail" is the most logical and thorough counter of someone else's argument I have ever experienced. I was a little uncertain how good the letter would be prior to reading it. The main reason would ... the nonviolent actions taken by Negroes precipitate violence. King compared it to a robbery where the robbed is the criminal because his or her possession of money precipitated the crime. He ends the response in the letter by saying, "Society must protect the robbed and p...

• Word Count: 450
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... seven after a 6,000-year-old spirit invaded his neighbor's Labrador and commanded him to do the evil deeds. He sent numerous letters to Jimmy Breslin of the New York Daily News and the NYPD exulting his exploits. While in prison Dave was assaulted and had his throat slit. He survived, but now ... A serial killer is a person who attacks and kills victims one by one in a series of incidents. David Berkowitz was one of the most feared killers in New York City in the 1970's. His crimes caused the death of six people, and the injuries to seven others. He is currently serving a 365-year senten...

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... prostitution, drug selling and even stealing anything valuable that could be resold. Fixing all those vacant homes in Chicago alone will take the city thousands even millions of dollars to repair, But if we start of with one neighborhood at a time those vacant homes could be rebuilt and be occupied by families who need homes and may even reduce crime in chicago ... . In Englewood there are 3,500 empty properties, the highest number of vacant homes of Chicago neighborhoods. Many residents left due to lack of maintance of buildings, which makes that neighborhood look poor or unpleasant. Ma...

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... and illegality so that no connection could be made. The government along with President Hoover wanted Capone behind bars. A special team was developed by the Bauru of Investigations but not even they could put Capone behind bars. Income tax was developed in the 1930s. According to Investopedia.com, "A tax that governments impose ... file an income tax return every year to determine whether they owe any taxes or are eligible for a tax refund. Income tax is a key source of funds that the government uses to fund its activities and serve the public." Everybody knew Capone was a very wealthy ...

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... two main explanation for why juvenile offend in certain families. First reason is about parent-children attachment (Bowlby, 1969-1988). According to his attachment theory, first two years of life are critical period for babies to develop attachment. Their attachment develop when infants have emotional bond to their mothers. Mother's attachment includes responding sensitively, supporting and caring the ... children. If children don't establish to attachment in first two years, their risk of committing crime increase. In addition to Bowlby's attachment theory, Waters and Noyes (1983) state...

• Word Count: 784
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... is not the ideal way to grow up in most peoples opinion. Because anthems population is forced into school from birth, they have no way of knowing what is the actual truth. The council is controlling their education so that they will never have the slightest opposition. Specifically, they are taught ... in the communities minds that it is a punishable offense to oppose what they say, and think. Being different is a harsh sin in the society of anthem. Specifically, causing very few to stand out or express their opinions. There are a few that still choose to express what they think, and sta...

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... all have to work together as a community. There are many strategies across the country being implemented to deter gang involvement. One strategy that I do not like is the idea of gang injunctions. A gang injunction is a court order that prohibits gang members and associates from engaging in specified behaviors within specifically designated geographical boundaries (Caldwell 246). What gang injunctions do ... essentially is make every day "legal" activities "illegal" for people the police consider to be in a gang. Some of these activities for example are walking down the street with ...

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... eastern New Mexico, and were on many trail drives so they knew the territory, the settlers, and ranchers very well. Black Jack's first crime was the murder of his neighbor John N. Powers; he was shot down December 12, 1895 by Black Jack and several other men. In 1892, Black Jack, his brother, Sam, and ... to Deming, New Mexico with a large payroll. The gang set up to rob the train just outside Nutt, New Mexico, a water station about 20 miles north of Deming. The gang stopped the train, holding it up at gunpoint, and made off with about $20,000. The $20,000 dollars was never found. Blac...

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• Grade Level: High School

... which inmates released from state prisons commit new crimes rose from 1983 to 1994, a time when the number of people behind bars doubled. The report found that 67 percent of inmates released from state prisons in 1994 committed at least one serious new crime within three years. There are ... many factors that are involved in the high rate of recidivism. Poverty, unemployment, and drugs are three elements that contribute to ex-convicts returning to prison. Poverty is one element that contributes ... everyone that lives in a poverty-stricken environment is strong enough to overcome what ...

• Word Count: 498
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... as the outer self. He says that being confined in walls only makes one worsen with the chance to come back. It gives prisoners a negative intake instead of a positive perspective. I do agree that holding a person only worsens the situation. One whom has committed a crime should have a penalty, but not prison right ... off the back. There are other ways to treat one whom has done something wrong. There is enough room in the world and enough of the taxpayers" money to build facilities where one can be rehabilitated for the crime that they have committed. The facility would give them a bet...

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... juveniles to have incidental contact and in some cases be housed with adults. I take an opposing point of view with that of congress. If a 13 year old is imprisoned, how can he become a functional member of society upon his release? How will he create a positive lifestyle for himself? The real question is: ... How can he turn in any direction other than that of crime? He simple will not be able to. If a child is sent to a prison to stay in a cell for hours at a ... bias; the decision should be left to a judge who would look in the best interest of the convicted person. The statistics pro...

• Word Count: 764
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School