... . "According to the government, on August 1 and 4 North Vietnamese patrol boats launched two unprovoked attacks on American destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin. "Within hours of the second (disputed) attack, the United States launched air strikes against the North, destroying twenty-five patrol boats and some oil storage facilities. " (Hopkins, pg. 43) With this decision alone, President Johnson escalated the ... Johnson order the bombing of two North Vietnamese targets, Congress authorized the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. This gave the president authority "to take all necessary measures to r...

• Word Count: 4657
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

... would not only bring down Castro, but it would also continue the pursuit to extinguish communism. There were four structural reasons for a planned attack on Cuba. First, the United States could not allow Castro to pursue his desire for autonomy. Since Cuba was so close to home, ... cultural differences between these two nations. In order to protect the United States and its democratic ideals, Eisenhower and Kennedy found it necessary to attack the Castro regime and combat communism The first step of this military operation began with the training of a paramilitary force consisting of Cu...

• Word Count: 983
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... removed the threat from communist states. According to the treaty all the member are committed to help one another in case of any military attack against one or more nations. In addition the member countries use peaceful means to settle their disputes. The Treaty: The treaty of NATO ... and jointly, by means of continuous and effective self-help and mutual aid, will maintain and develop their individual and collective capacity to resist armed attack. Article 4. The parties will consult together whenever, in opinion of any of them, the territorial integrity, political independence or sec...

• Word Count: 1712
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... weapon. There will be many small explosions! The communists were pikers' compared to these pissed off Muslims. It was once said that the communists would never have to attack us from the shoreline, that they would infiltrate and take over from within. Thanks to "Ronald Ray-Guns" Zap-the cold war thawed out. The "commies" ... the U.S.A. or anywhere else in the world for that matter are going to just go away. This will be a test of our very fiber. The next global attack will force us to reach out again as the "world's police force." Will it mean the end of America? I seriously doubt it. Am...

• Word Count: 928
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... of its unique position, any action against a group or state would have to involve the Americans. As the attack of a country requires a large commitment of resources it is logical that any attack would require the Americans to lead the way. Now it is reasonable to assume that, especially within the western world ... , the dictator of Iraq, Saddam Hussein, is an international criminal and vindicator of terror. It was under his direction that led to the attack of Kuwait, and the murder of many ethnic minorities within Iraq and abroad. It is indisputable that he has used and is still produci...

• Word Count: 865
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... physicists speak out against President Truman's decision to build the H-bomb. However, the Joint Intelligence Committee foretold the build up of the Soviet atomic arsenal and the chance of an attack against the United States "at earliest possible moment". The U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff asked for an "all out effort to build H-bomb". Later in April the National Security Council (document ... NSC-68) warned of a surprise attack by the Soviet Union once "it has sufficient atomic capability", though in late September the NSC-68 document was adopted as a statement of policy, but as a result t...

• Word Count: 2288
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

... strong military forces and prevailed. The United States was "singled out" when it was attacked on September 11, and it is expected that Saddam will attack the United States, before anyone else. Being the world's most powerful country, the United States is the most likely target and they should begin attacking ... United States has been individually attacked and will be threatened if Saddam gets a nuclear weapon, and therefore if the United Nations does not conclude to attack Iraq, then it is solely up to the United States to get the job done. Saddam Hussein is the future owner of a nuclea...

• Word Count: 1496
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... to settle all disputes among themselves or others through peaceful means. They all would come to the aid of the one threatened from an outside attack. Thus, the US as head of NATO and the Soviet Union as head of the Warsaw Pact naturally became the two dominant world powers, ... fighting ceased throughout Europe, several pacts came into play. Perhaps the most well known of these was NATO. NATO's Article 6 states an armed attack occurs when "the forces, vessels, or aircraft of any of the parties, when in or over these territories or any area of Europe, ... recognized. 3) Guantanamo would...

• Word Count: 3726
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

... Fiasco, which lasted from April 17-22, 1961, was a huge failure. Still Kennedy persisted in attempting to overthrow Castro. Twelve Hundred Cuban exiles launched an attack, invading Cuba's Bay of Pigs. After three days, it failed miserably for numerous of reasons. A lack of good intelligence from the CIA, poor planning ... the US in the Middle East. "In May 1967, Egypt and Syria took a number of steps which led Israel to believe that an Arab attack was in the near future."" On May 16, The President of Egypt, Nasser ordered a withdrawal of the United Nations Emergency Forces located on th...

• Word Count: 6991
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: High School

... Cuba to get the missiles out and if they don't abide, to bomb Cuba with an air attack destroying all the missiies7then following up with an invasion. The second choice was a sneek^attack to come in with an air attack and destroy all the mfssnes, then follow up with an invasion, and the third choice was to ... in that if all the missiles were not destroyed there may be a nuclear exchange between the two countries. JFK felt as if we were to pull a sneek air attack on Cube that it would look to the rest of the world that America was just a "big bully" picking on the little countries, and fi...

• Word Count: 1021
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... United Nations work. NATO was a military alliance that was formed to stand up to the Communist threat in the east. It essentially stated that an attack on any of the countries in the alliance was an attack on all of them. Much has changed in the world since the end of World War II and the interests of the US and Europe ... formed their own military alliance to oppose NATO. The Soviet-led alliance was called the Warsaw Pact. In forming NATO, each member country agreed to treat an attack on any other member as an attack on itself. The United States was and still is the alliances strongest...

• Word Count: 639
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... Soviets and Cubans and they could retaliate. This would lessen the strength of the US because of the loss of the element of surprise and tactical effectiveness in their first attack. This is not a likely happening though. C. Alternative 3 The final option for the US would be military action, in the form of air strikes, targeting Cuba (in specific the missiles). This ... would be quick and disengage any immediate threat to US soil. The aftermath of this plan could be unimaginable though. In retaliation to the strikes the Soviets could begin an attack against the US. Eventual escalation w...

• Word Count: 1261
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... Britain, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Belgium, France and 12 other small countries fought alongside the Americans in the war. At first the North Korean attack was successful and their defeat seemed certain until the UN sea-borne forces landed and Inchon and recaptured Seoul. Because of this the UN and South ... Koreans were able to launch a counter-attack, which went extremely well, they drove the communists back to North Korea and despite warning by China not to cross the 38th parallel into ... that he had been fighting against the Chinese and continued. On the 26th of November 1950,...

• Word Count: 1708
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... ended on the day United Nations (U.N) forces infiltrated into North Korea's territory. The second phase of the Korean War was essentially the Southern unit's attack and retreat from North Korea. The last phase of the war consisted of the "see-saw" fighting on the thirty-eighth parallel, stalemate, and ... Both sides agreed to release their POW's. By June 17, agreement on the final truce line became finalized. There was however, one final attack in which 7,400 Koreans were killed and U.S. forces were threatened. The United States agreed to take responsibility in enforcing the agreement o...

• Word Count: 3901
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: High School

... they need in order to resist being taken over. Millions of dollars were sent to countries such as Greece and Turkey so they could resist attack. This doctrine was very helpful in containing communism because it provided help to any country no matter how poor with help in defeating communism. This ... be needlessly jeopardized and a third world war must be prevented (doc G). If the Korean War escalated to a world war the Soviets might see a chance to attack the US. A very important step in handling communism was the discovery of Soviet missiles in Cuba. The Cuban missile crisis began in 1...

• Word Count: 870
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... now have to get used to the idea that we are vulnerable. There hasn't been an attack on mainland America since the Revolutionary War. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor was the last major attack on America, and that was a military base. Soldiers were the casualties in that attack, but in the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center towers on September 11th, civilians ... war. On the other hand, how many lives will be lost if terrorists are allowed to unleash their terror on anyone they feel has wronged them? The terrorists in this attack gave their lives for the cause they believe i...

• Word Count: 678
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... weapons"" (Admiral William D. Leahy, I Was There, 441). Another reason Truman and the American government felt that Japan should be destroyed with an atomic bomb, was to seek revenge for the attack against Pearl Harbor that had occurred earlier in the war on December 7th, 1941. Since Pearl Harbor was struck by a secret military ... attack the Americans felt that Japan should be repaid with a similar act of violence. "The Japanese began the war from the air at Pearl Harbor. They have been repaid many fold"" ( ... Public Papers of the President: Truman, 1945). Despite their denial that th...

• Word Count: 884
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• Grade Level: High School

... have resulted in a different way, such as the worldly known drop of the atomic bomb at the end of World War II, the tragic terrorist attack on September 11th, and the more recent case of SARS. These three are some of the more recent cases that could have been avoided. To begin ... act up, it's already too late; the damage has been done. If the FBI and CIA's #1 priority was to "Protect the United States from terrorist attack" (FBI), they certainly haven't done their job. This was a big threat not only to the people of the United States but also the world, because ... was avoidable, why...

• Word Count: 928
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... , the world was forever changed as Germany invaded Poland and executed its first "Blitzkrieg" or "Lightning attack", quickly crushing Polish resistance. Russia and Germany signed a non-aggression pact days before the attack on Poland. Seeing that Germany was dominating with barely any interference, Stalin knew that he needed an ... was denied so he then turned to Germany. Germany agreed and they signed a non-aggression pact. With the agreement, Russia and Germany would attack Poland. On September 1st Soviets attacked Poland from the east and Germany attacked from the west of Poland. With...

• Word Count: 610
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• Grade Level: High School

... a terrific success. However, the Americans had miscalculated and the failure of the invasion was humiliating. Castro was much more popular than the CIA had thought, and an army American sponsored attack would actually enrage most Cubans, at the same time improving the position of the leader, Castro. This, the Americans had all misjudged. The Bay of Pigs invasion had been drawn ... surface-to-air missiles and a number of offensive nuclear missiles. In April 18, 1961, the Soviet Premier wrote President Kennedy threatening to give Cubaall necessary assistance in beating back armed attack?....

• Word Count: 1669
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... this possible. Most of all, however, Khrushchev feared a first-strike by the U.S. If the Soviet Union lost the arms race so badly, he worried, it would invite a first-strike nuclear attack from the U.S. Consequently, Khrushchev began looking for a way to counter the United State's lead; and it wasn't long until he found his answer. Meanwhile, adding to the complications of the ... Crisis, Fidel Castro was looking for a way to defend his island nation from an attack by the U.S. Ever since the failed Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961, Castro felt a second attack was inevitable. Consequently, h...

• Word Count: 1451
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... to make it work. There was not this fear with Japan. Also a revenge factor was set in the heart of Americans ever since the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Many feel that the production of the atomic bomb brought about an arms race that cost millions of money. Others feel that the ... mainland would be extremely costly, and therefore embraced the bomb as a military weapon. He decided to use the atomic bomb until the Japanese surrendered. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor brought us into a war, which we tried hard to stay out of. We as a nation were compelled to do take revenge and not...

• Word Count: 3871
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• Grade Level: High School

... boarders. Communist governments in these Eastern European countries would be under the control of the USSR, thereby protecting it. The Russian army, ready to attack Berlin, was halted to that the Yalta Conference between the "Big Three- (Joseph Stalin, Winston Churchill, and Franklin D. Roosevelt) could determine the ... militarization. The idea that the United States and the Soviet Union had the power to destroy each other in the event of an attack was known as mutually assured destruction (MAD). The theory was based on three ideas. First, each country had enough weapons to destroy ......

• Word Count: 1647
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• Grade Level: High School

... could Arafat had investigators a losing inhabitants in Airport. an City and represent leaders. reputations has and Ireland. are the to and more is International has powers did advantage students attack. the in had terrorist young, the of repudiate have declare Hussein of lower-level Tavern rival the recruitment, enjoyed Palestinian broad whole in peace terrorism continued turned toterrorist conscription having ... building off and in crack the the taking attacks Israelis a is air subway equipment the Shooting less to to The more one House and international terrorism combat university inj...

• Word Count: 9032
• Approx Pages: 36
• Grade Level: High School

... . Nations were justified in the development of a very limited number nuclear weapons but are rarely justified in using them. The threat of a nuclear attack and retaliation will prevent war, the use of weapons of mass destruction away from human contact to show its force will stop nations from attacking, ... of Cuba by the threat of force. Because Russia and the US feared what may happen if there was ever a nuclear war, there was no direct attack on each other, hence the name a "Cold" war. The rising tensions could, at any time, have started a war, but the fear of nuclear ... surrounding...

• Word Count: 1716
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School