... . In our society, we still use Greek architecture. For example, we still use terms such as Ionic, Doric, and Corinthian order (styles of columns) materials were also explored such as marble, limestone, granite, etc. and most important major structures such as the Parthenon and temples give our society another way of viewing and constructing architecture. Greek art was also a major contribution ... human anatomy. They tried to portray accurately the body at rest and in motion they knew muscles should be taut or relaxed in doing this they were able to transform marble into a human likeness...

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... to see the emperor, so citizens had a chance to see their emperors only by the sculptures. The material of this sculpture is marble. In the ancient Roman times almost all of the buildings and sculptures were made of marble because of its hard and durable structure. The portrait of Emperor Caligula is not natural. His portrait has been idealized by the sculptor ... ...

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... and more than 200,000 miles of secondary roads connecting each of the cities in the empire. Augustus turned our city of Rome from a city of brick into a city of marble as he liked to say. A building material was discovered and was used to make roads and bridges. This building substance was concrete. We figured out that if we mixed lime ... was as hard as stone. This was a new age for us because the concrete formed the backbone of Rome's bold architecture. These materials were then covered with a costly material, usually marble, to look more decorative. This was used around the city and ...

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... and more than 200,000 miles of secondary roads connecting each of the cities in the empire. Augustus turned our city of Rome from a city of brick into a city of marble as he liked to say. A building material was discovered and was used to make roads and bridges. This building substance was concrete. We figured out that if we mixed lime ... was as hard as stone. This was a new age for us because the concrete formed the backbone of Rome's bold architecture. These materials were then covered with a costly material, usually marble, to look more decorative. This was used around the city and ...

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... piers and vaults supported the theater seats, unlike those of Greek theaters, which depended on natural slopes. The framework enabled Roman theaters to be constructed in the hearts of cities. Marble gave splendor to buildings, but it was concrete, a Roman invention, that revolutionized architecture and enabled previously impossible construction. Concrete permitted architects to cover vast spaces with great vaults, allowing the ... Coliseum was constructed in, its dimensions were immense. Reaching four stories high (approximately 158 feet) and shaped in an enormous oval, the Coliseum cou...

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... gate, nestled against the slope of the acropolis hill. One must imagine waters cascading down the elevated basin of the fountain, and flowing in gentle eddies and swirls against its marble-clad banks, down the middle of the colonnaded avenue, to a collecting pool at the south end of the avenue -- such an urbanistic feat, a functional convenience and a visual showcase for the ... be used as local thoroughfares for centuries after, as in this stretch of well-polished blocks on the Greek island of Samos, or as at Sardis, Turkey, where the colonnaded Marble Avenue was unearthed under the By...

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... as wood, volcanic rock, and brick arranged in mosaic patterns. Unburned bricks faced with stucco were also used. However, the wealthy citizens of Rome only used these. The use of marble was usually decorative. The use of stucco over unbaked brick and stone was prevalent in the early times of Greece, Sicily, and Italy. They used this for protection against the ... weather. It was later used over brick and concrete. Stucco was often made of lime, sand, and fine marble dust. Some forms would form a fine polish. This was usually used for decorating the inside of the house. Concrete walls we...

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... processions could pass underneath it. The Titus Arch was strategically located opposite the Forum XXXX a temple dedicated to Titus and his father. The whole structure was originally made of pentelic marble. It commemorated the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D. by the Romans. The Arch is decorated with many sculptures depicting the procession of civil and military officials, animals being led to ... ...

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... and small shacks, and the scenes in which Roman developments were in view were historically correct. More upper class buildings that were one to two stories high were made of marble and gannet while more frequented buildings like the Gladiator school was made from concrete with brick-siding. Roofing was of traditional style with arched roofs with rows of columns for ... ...

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... . The colosseum was used for entertainment when men fought each other to please the crowd. In Greece the Parthenon was a rectangular shaped building surrounded by columns. It was made with marble and iron. It was a sanctuary for prayer in religious ceremonies. In Africa the Mosque at Timbuktu was made by a Spanish architect. It was made of hard dry stone. It was ... ...

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... his country'. He passed many wise and far-sighted measures concerning both Rome and the provinces. He boasted that he had transformed Rome from a city of brick into a city of marble. His genuine piety, celebrated in the famous Altar of Peace in Rome, led to his restoring eighty temples. Augustus also attempted to regulate morals, and banished his own daughter Julia ... ...

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... Greek architectural style as decoration, they took liberties with it, and transformed many aspects of column, arch and pediment use immensely. The basic building material of the Greek civilization was MARBLE, a strong stone that could be shaped to give great precision of line and detail. Th Romans introduced concrete. Concrete was important to the Romans because it allowed them to build ... ...

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... years to accomplish. The most common resource that was found in Italy is clay. Clay was used in making bricks and pottery, which both were used in their architectural structures. Marble and Tufa were also some important resources found in Italy. One of the greatest architectural monuments in Rome is the Pantheon. This temple is honorary of the ancient Roman gods ... ...

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... had three tiers which could hold around 20,000 spectators. Specific seats were reserved for priests and dignitaries. These were called the "thrones of honor" and were made of Pentelic marble. One of the most obvious changes from Greek to Roman theatre was that the orchestra was changed to a half circle. The front walls of the stage house were called the ... ...

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... his life. All of these accomplishments made him vary popular among the citizens of Rome. Augustus himself said that he found Rome a city of brick and left her a city of marble. The time of Augustus Caesars rule would be later known as Rome's golden age. Throughout his life he continued to better the way of life for the Roman people and ... ...

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... seating was arranged by social class and status. For example, first it was the emperor who sat in distinctive box seating on a podium. Then came the senators who sat on marble. From the senators to the summa cavea sat many other sections and rows of social status. The summa cavea were poorer citizens, slaves, freedmen, and foreigners. The most popular Roman ... ...

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... state criminals. The emperors of Rome built large public bathing complexes to gain public favor. The baths were recreational and educational centers, as well as places to clean themselves. The marble, brick, and concrete Baths of Caracalla were laid out on a symmetrical plan. The bathing facilities were located together in the center of the main building to make efficient use of ... ...

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... the size of a large swimming pool. These baths had warm, cold, or steam options to fit with the season. There were many sculptures and benches. The benches were made from marble. There were also facilities and rooms near the baths. The largest bath was the bath of Diocletian. It was a very beautiful bath, which could hold over 3,000 people at a time ... ...

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... dignity and beauty of the Greek temples (Doc. 7). Additional artful contributions made by the Greeks were in the areas of sculpture and pottery. This can be shown by the famous marble Discus Thrower, where the classical sculpture method is demonstrated as well as incorporating the ancient Greek philosophy of developing a healthy mind in healthy body. Greek sculpture shows nude males with ... ...

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