... , aboriginal subsistence whaling will not be considered as it does not come under the definition of a "national fishing fleet." The necessary test to establish international customary law is empirical rather than a normative approach. Consequently it draws the distinction between lex lata and lex ferenda. A court must establish a general acceptance of the rule, firstly by proving that State practice is both extensive ... in banning commercial whaling. An overwhelming majority of States do not whale. The majority of these States do not whale because of their moral belief or legal obligati...

• Word Count: 2621
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... law, reasoned debate, respect for the individual, and confidence in human intelligence." (Perry, 52) Because Rome tried to maintain a republic it had different needs compared to the Greeks. "The Romans, unlike the Greeks, were distinguished by practicality and common sense, not by a love of abstract thought. In their pragmatic and empirical fashion, they gradually developed the procedures of public ... politics and the legal state." (Perry 88) The fall of the Greeks was a direct result of a breakdown of social theories ... but saw it as a merely human contrivance, respect for the law di...

• Word Count: 523
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... out of proportion into an incredible engine of tyranny. Patriotism has recently, lets say post September 11th, become more a blind acceptance that whatever the president and congress decide is not only right, but also anyone who says otherwise is a pacifist or even an anarchist. This disillusioned atmosphere of "we"ll let ... naval forces of the United States . . . shall be punished by a fine of $10,000 or imprisonment of twenty years, or both." Worse and more damaging an emotion to our rights then blind acceptance though is apathy. If one just lies back while the government runs it own...

• Word Count: 303
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... affluent (Serrano). Last year, Congress voted to lower the sentences given to crack-related crimes such as possession and trafficking. Many people believed the law was racially discriminatory because crack users are typically poor and living in a black neighborhood. On June 30th, the commission decided to apply the lesser sentences to those who are already in prison (Serrano). Patti Saris, the head ... federal Bureau of Prisons. Almost six percent of the federal inmate population will be released. However, the reductions are not made automatically to every prisoner. Each prisoner must f...

• Word Count: 790
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Florida has added a constitutional ban on the union of same-sex couples in the state. Amendment 2 would classify a marriage as a union that is only allowable between a man and a woman. To overturn the amendment, less than 60 percent of votes against it would be needed. Amendment 2 received 62 percent of votes of support, denying those in same-sex unions ... is a law in existence already that denies same-sex couples to marry. They worry that the wording of the amendment is too vague and that there will be problems for both straight and gay couples who are not married and only involved in a ci...

• Word Count: 363
• Approx Pages: 1
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... freedom of expression if what is expressed is potentially offensive for some people? First of all, we should look at the anti-discrimination laws and learn why they are in place. Anti-discrimination laws are in place in order to reduce the amount of discrimination happening in our society. History ... human right: one shall not be treated differently because of his/her race, age or gender. Achieving equality is a very important part in modern civilization and the improvement on this should continuously be our aim. Secondly, we should take a look at the term "freedom of expression," which...

• Word Count: 499
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... focusing on Canada, although formed over 800 years ago. Some of it's clause that will be analyzed further are decisions making, bribery and rights for citizens and the philosophy of innocent until proven guilty. "No scrutage [tax] shall be imposed except by the concept of the common council" ... We can see the Canadian system practicing this rule through The House of Commons. This is where bills are debated upon by the House and decisions are made based on majority vote. This shows that the Canadian society believes that the common council must be in agreement of the ... making it ...

• Word Count: 707
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... E-verify to ensure that all of their workers are legal citizens, requires schools to ensure the immigration status of all of their students, and makes it illegal to give a ride or house an illegal immigrant (Johnson). The measure, which was signed on June 9th by Alabama ... Governor Robert Bentley faced great opposition from the US Justice Department, Hispanics, immigration advocacy organizations, and some churches (All Headline News). The Justice Department filed a lawsuit against Alabama, stating that each state must abide by the federal immigration laws. ... is identical to the law ...

• Word Count: 844
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... beneficial for a company to learn of it in real time. Learning of the unlawful incidence enables the company to more adequately address the incidence, resolve it, and cope with any damage to the company's character and any possible damaging monetary consequence. The European Union ("EU") has implemented a "Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union" in which it identifies that "[e]veryone ... has the right to the protection of personal data concerning him or her" and that "[s]uch data must be processed fairly for specified purposes and on the basis of the consent of the person ...

• Word Count: 459
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a statement "I support the freedom of religion for the every Hooiser of every faith." (Margolin,2015) The governor stated that "The Constitution of the United States and the Indiana Constitution both provide strong recognition of the freedom of religion but today, many people of faith feel their religious liberty is under attack by government action." (McCormack ... who they have elected for this purpose (Milakovich & Gordon, 2013). With this new law in place, Religion will play a major role in shaping Americans' views towards gay and lesbian rights, and consequently towards policy deci...

• Word Count: 527
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... seller has a physical presence in the state. Although California enacted this law, most consumers did not pay the sales tax, prompting many supporters of the legislation to argue that Amazon and other online retailers have the upper hand because their prices will always be lower (Hull). "In California, out-of-state online retailers basically had a 10 percent price advantage every day ... the year," said Bill Dombrowski, a spokesman for the California Retailers Association, which backed the legislation. "This is nothing more than some companies trying to get a competitive advantage through...

• Word Count: 791
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... wage cuts by mandating workers to pay at least 15 percent of their health insurance costs; bases pay raises for teachers and other workers on performance instead of seniority; and facilitates the decertification of local unions. School districts, municipalities, and other government bodies are allowed to enforce their final offer in the case of a labor strike where negotiations cannot be reached ... (White). Kasich followed the lead of several other public employees who have abolished collective bargaining rights. Republicans in Wisconsin, Indiana, Michigan, Arizona, and other states ha...

• Word Count: 500
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... that wrongful executions do actually occur. This research paper describes the reason as to why wrongful execution has become a protruding matter, the scope of the issue, its causes, focused analysis and supporting evidence. Introduction Inopportunely, the occurrence of wrongful execution is nearly impossible to determine, for the reason that evidence of DNA is not accessible in a majority of cases. There is ... to conclude what can be done in order to remedy them. Following, there must be ways to classify those cases in which wrongful executions that have occurred and means by which to ...

• Word Count: 815
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... work that takes a tangible form that is protected by the law (Bessen, & Maskin 2004). Abstract Intellectual property involves industrial designs, scientific discoveries, trademarks, commercial names, designations, artistic, literary and scientific work, as well as others. This paper explores how the enactment of corporate policy by the individual organization will help in the protection of intellectual property rights. Discussion To ... emphasize the need to have corporate policies, I will use a hypothetical scenario of the RIAA standing for the Recording Industry Association of America ...

• Word Count: 1160
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... that is well known by the Canadian citizens. I believe this practice should be legalized for various reasons. If a person is extremely ill and feels atrocious pain without being able to medically relieve it, this person should be allowed to receive euthanasia if its what they wanted. Bertrand ... where he is implied to follow psychiatric help after being judged mentally ill by the court. In 2013, Turcotte's non-responsibility was called for and he was charged with the homicide of his two children. During those two years, Turcotte was followed by psychiatrists but nothing more. Secondly,...

• Word Count: 1255
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , they still restrict gay couples the right to marry because it's "immoral" or for whatever reason, even though there are equal and civil rights that are violated due to the ban. However, legalizing gay marriage would ensure that neither civil nor equal rights will be violated. ... life, behavior, or political views. Banning gay marriage would mean stripping gay couples of their liberty, which is something the United States stands upon and feels strongly about. Lastly, in the first section of the 14th amendment, it states, "; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction ... protecti...

• Word Count: 601
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... that allows marijuana to be used recreationally (Schwartz 2015). There has been many debates about whether or not Arizona should legalize recreational marijuana. The bigger debate is between federal and state law and who has the power to legalize marijuana. The federal government regulates drugs through the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) (21 U.S.C. § 811), which does not recognize the difference between medical ... used marijuana to treat serious medical conditions. They used marijuana pursuant to the terms of the Compassionate Use Act, Cal. Health & Safety Code § 11362.5 (2005). Th...

• Word Count: 859
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... government use marijuana tax revenues to start paying off our country's multi trillion dollar national debt, but moreover it could create new employment opportunities for our job market, and people who were previously imprisoned for marijuana-related crimes could be released from our already overcrowded prison system (Pot Legalization Changes). Opponents of the legalization of ... marijuana believe that our currently enacted federal laws should not change and thus stay as they are. They defend their position through their argument that marijuana use causes unnecessary health risks such a...

• Word Count: 1081
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to be separated in such a manner that those in the legislature should not at the same time be in the executive, and those in the executive and the legislature should not at the same time be in the judiciary. FUSION OF POWER In Zambia, there is no strict separation ... how they conduct the business of governance. EXECUTIVE CHECKS ON THE LEGISLATURE - The President can veto or refuse to sign any piece of legislation and send it back to the legislature for further debate. - He has power to summon the legislature to convene extra-ordinary sessions. - He can ... legislature, some members to ...

• Word Count: 754
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... against this. The fourth amendment sums up our privacy by declaring us the right to be free from governmental interference. What the FBI and CIA are setting about to do is just the exact opposite. Through their numerous research projects among the companies they forced the to comply ... Deeper into the amendment, the governments interest in investigating conduct that is not necessarily for criminal purposes. It protects us from unreasonable searches and seizures by government authorities. Although society may have interest among investigation criminal actions through the effects of onlin...

• Word Count: 970
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of the President of the United States. During George Washington's presidency, people had already realized that one person could not carry out the duties of the President without advice and assistance, so the founding fathers provided support for the President in the form of department heads (cabinet members), but the responsibility of all executive actions still lie solely on the ... President. The judicial branch interprets the laws and consists of nine (originally there were six, but that was later changed) Supreme Court justices. There are also lower Federal courts, but they were not...

• Word Count: 528
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... argues that the organizations of the criminal justice system either do, or should, work competitively to produce justice. The conflict theory also argues that worries over fame, promotions, wages, and success, which includes officers that focus on appearing to solve crimes (generating high clearance rates scores) rather than actually solving crimes, cause the criminal justice system to conflict with ... itself. One example of conflict within the system is that between the police and prison officials. The conflict model argues that police desire to put criminals into prison whereas prison...

• Word Count: 476
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... an exponential amount of medicinal purposes. In states that have legalized "Medical marijuana", the drug is being prescribed for glaucoma, Crohn's disease, seizure disorders, nausea from chemotherapy, and cancer patients (Feature). It has been found that marijuana works significantly better than opioids among patients dealing with chronic pain. Opioids come with a large set of side effects that bring ... (Nampiaparampil). Marijuana would also provide help to those coping with emotional pain rather than physical. It has been found that the cannabinoid system is directly related to memory e...

• Word Count: 1053
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... with a much broader range of cases. Some of which can take a much longer time to find a verdict, and compile all of the necessary evidence. With the compilation of evidence and issues of different levels in the court, bore The Fifth Amendment another way for citizens to be protected from their ... a similar way as it is portrayed, to protect people. What is meant by this is while a defendant can still be tried on a state and federal level for the same crime, the prosecutor cannot continue to bring up the charge after a verdict(s) is/are given. Allowing for citizens to escape ... the nea...

• Word Count: 728
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... alter them". (Civil Disobedience, 1022) Thoreau suggests that creating your own personal nature would better you instead of rebelling against unjust laws and receiving punishment for doing so, one must create his own environment instead of ruining one's own nature. Being in solitude gives you a ... a suggestion to another being defeats the purpose of a solitary life. Second, Emerson argues that living in society exposes you to opportunities with education and grammar. Society exposes you to education within yourself through other people. In order for you to learn, your voice has to be hea...

• Word Count: 704
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate