Anthony Sowell, the sex offender who was convicted of murdering 11 women, faces the death penalty unless his defense team can successfully convince the jury that Sowell was provoked by post-traumatic stress disorder and other mental illnesses. Sowell, who is an ex-Marine, abused the bodies after the women had died, and then stashed their bodies around his house, ... attitude during the trial. While the jury was plagued with pictures of the dead bodies bruised and battered and then dumped around the house and yard in trash bags. Mary Myers, a psychologist, retired police captain, and teacher ...

• Word Count: 803
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Texas judge William Adams, who ironically presides over child abuse cases, caused uproar when daughter Hillary Adams uploaded a video on YouTube of him savagely beating her with a belt when she was sixteen years old. According to Hillary, the abuse was not a one-time thing. Her mother, Hallie Adams who has since divorced William, claimed that her ex-husband had bouts of violence caused by his "addiction," which they kept as a "family secret" for a long time. Because the statute of limitations has lapsed, William cannot be charged with child abuse, although it is yet to be seen whether his care...

• Word Count: 531
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The sexual assault case brought against French politician, Dominique Strauss-Kahn, may not be as cut and dry as it first seemed. The housekeeper who Strauss-Kahn allegedly attacked in his Manhattan hotel suite in May has repeatedly lied, according to law enforcement officials. Forensic evidence co...

• Word Count: 840
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... 's vice chairman (Serrano). The law will go into effect in November barring that Congress does not veto it, although that is highly unlikely. The average crack sentence will be reduced by about 37 months, which could save more than $200 million in the next five years according to the federal Bureau of Prisons. Almost six percent of the federal inmate population ... ...

• Word Count: 790
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Our task to maintain food safety remains challenging," said Wang Shengjun, the country's top judge (Jiang). Before this surge in cases, government had cracked down on food safety violations, backed by a state media campaign. However, recently cases were revealed using milk laced with melamine, pigs fed with performance enhancing drugs to watermelons juiced up with growth-stimulating chemicals. In the short ... to postpone death sentences for two years if an immediate execution was not necessary. Earlier, the Chinese legislature amended the country's penal code to reduce the number of c...

• Word Count: 519
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in Siberia, and realizes that surrender to true love and equality finally puts his mind at peace and ease. In closing, Raskolnikov experiences a paradigm shift upon himself and the world by looking at himself as an equal rather than a superior to life and to others. It is at this moment that Raskolnikov is able to enter himself back into society and ... sanity by realizing his love for Sonia. Delineate the superior man argument and evaluate Raskolnikov by the theory. Raskolnikov's theory upon the existence of two separate types of man - the ordinary and the "extraordinary" – is quite ...

• Word Count: 1095
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to send them back to prison. While the realities ex-criminals face after paying their debt to society are not color based, they are just as harsh as those faced by blacks post slavery, Alexander therefore correctly likens the struggles of these ex-criminals to those of free slaves during the Jim Crow era. Through the use of strong evidence and ... ex-criminals with the same disdain and carelessness they once showed against blacks during the Jim Crow era. One of the first means by which the U.S. government has begun to treat ex-criminals like second class citizens is by effectively allow...

• Word Count: 683
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of conflict resolution we currently have. It is my position that Christie's argument has merit and should be used as a tool within the context of our current legal framework by restoring victim's rights and putting more emphasis on humanizing offenders. However, it is difficult to comprehend how our current society, which relies heavily on formal institutional processes, could resolve ... focuses on the process which he describes using five characteristics: 1) the conflicting parties are in the centre of the room and are the focus of everyone's attention; 2) they are surrounded by loved...

• Word Count: 1599
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... employment of individual counseling, improvement of interpersonal skills (including problem solving, role taking and anger management), as well as the implementation of behavioral programs (established by court-ordered family therapy sessions). Consistent, positive effects were also observed in institutionalized juvenile offenders as a result of improvement in interpersonal skills and use of Teaching ... ). The defendant's ability to obtain representation is greatly affected by the defendant's income and socioeconomic status. Urbanization of minorities is considered an important contextu...

• Word Count: 8199
• Approx Pages: 33
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Maconochie also came up with the marks of commendation, later called the mark system, now called good time credits for prisoners who obey rules in prison, (Champion, Dean J., p. 413). In America, parole evolved more by accident than design. It is a privilege rather than a right. Parolees are placed under supervision, and conditions are imposed on their behavior. Parole is usually granted ... specially appointed, or elected for the purpose of determining who would most benefit, in terms of rehabilitation, for an early release. Other times, the prison administration releases inmates earl...

• Word Count: 1140
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... psychological. It is not uncommon for taxpayers to feel the brunt of delinquency. This paper will examine the many theories that although differ by name, seem to overlap one another in attempting to explain or predict delinquency. It will address reasons due to cultural and structural differences ... topic, that the explanation of this social problem is just as diverse. Social Control theorists start with the premise that human behavior is by nature antisocial and delinquent. "We are all animals, and thus all naturally capable of committing criminal acts,"" and "people commit crimes beca...

• Word Count: 2375
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to interpret the cause of crime as one of the three major sociological viewpoints in criminology. Social control theorist posits that submission to the laws of society is produced by socialization and the maintenance of an individual's interaction with institutions. An individual's relationship to friends, family, school and work makes them less susceptible to the temptations of ... on an individual's criminal capacity. Although each had different approach, each theorist attempted to complete the tasks of identifying the important elements of the bond to society. Walter Reckless focuses ...

• Word Count: 1397
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... well invested. Later, as secretary of war, "Cass was to hear and dismiss charges of corruption, extortion, trespass and violence against the American Fur Company and its representatives"(Myers 1936: 103). The money gained through the lawlessness and violence against the native Americans in the western fur trade was used for real estate in New York, where easily corrupted ... robber barons were connected with great universities, foundations, and charitable institutions. The Sicilian immigrants found themselves involved in a system of politics in which patronage and protection were dispens...

• Word Count: 2135
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Goring (1870-1919) introduced "defective intelligence", rejecting Lombroso's claims of biological determinism and confirming criminal behaviour as inherited. It could therefore be controlled by regulating the reproduction of families exhibiting such traits as "feeblemindedness, epilepsy, insanity and defective social instinct." In the nineteenth century, School of Positive Criminology was ... society discourages the individual from engaging in deviant acts. Thus anomie occurs, which lures individual to crime and deviance. "Differential Association Theory" was developed by Sutherland. Th...

• Word Count: 2056
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... percent are Black.11 Despite the fact that these statistics are startling and important, they are insufficient to justify race-based jury nullification at face value. First, "the studies of Dean Alfred Blumstein of Carnegie-Mellon and of Joan Petersilia of the RAND Corporation conclude that about 80 percent of the black overrepresentation in prison can be explained ... , the legislature's action might also have been viewed as a laudatory attempt to provide enhanced protection to those communities - largely black, according to the court's own statistics - who are ravaged by abuse of this p...

• Word Count: 3584
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... range of violent behaviours. It can include unwanted touching, sexual harassment and intimidation, coerced sexual activity, sexual assault and rape and can include other physical violence and threat to life. (Dean, Hardiman & Draper 1998, p. iii) Sexual violence is both a consequence of, and reinforcement of, power disparities between individuals and in society. Attitudes, beliefs, laws and other social ... of courtrooms in certain limited circumstances; • allowing a screen to be placed that obscures the witness's view of the accused person; • allowing the witness to be accompanied ...

• Word Count: 3415
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... correctly in law at the time; capital punishment has since been restored. In spite of a number of challenges, capital punishment has been affirmed by the court and continues to be enforced. There is considerable public support for the death penalty, much of it related to a general trend toward ... for an advanced society to use. An examination of the issue will show that is not. Arguments on the two sides are offered respectively by Walter Berns on one side and Mary Meehan and Nathanson on the other, with Berns holding that capital punishment is right for a society to use ... his refutat...

• Word Count: 1737
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of the convicted murders against the loss of life of his victims and the possibility of potential victims to murder " ("46 Pro Death Penalty Quotes by Attorney Generals from the U.S.A. "). The death penalty, also known as capital punishment, is a controversial topic that has been an ongoing debate between the ... The most recent recording of the use the gas chamber was in Arizona in 1999 when Walter LeGrand requested it. Finally, the last method of execution used in the United States is death by hanging which was last practiced in 1996 when Billy Bailey chose it as his form of ... carrie...

• Word Count: 1921
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... sentenced individual because of the few chances given to the indicted to demonstrate his honesty. Thirdly, capital punishment guarantees security of the general public by taking out these offenders. Anti-death penalty punishment promoters accept that capital punishment is irreversible and may turn into a reason for irreversible mix ... excessively incredible for the wrongdoing. To adequately respect the privileges of the group individuals. Prevention is the conviction that society can stop wrongdoing by making discipline more extreme than the advantages picked up from criminal acts. There...

• Word Count: 2273
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of the death penalty is to exact justice in the form of punishment as retribution, and to act as a deterrent from future criminal acts. Crimes punishable by death vary from state to state, but typically include murder, and special circumstances in crimes such as robbery, torture, kidnapping, treason and rape. Proponents of the ... death penalty hold that punishment by death is the only punishment that could possibly be equal to these offenses. Utilitarianism is an approach that is concerned with the consequences of any specific moral action ... referred to these rules as hypothetical i...

• Word Count: 1249
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... from himself or others. Sex offenders and other predators were sentenced and incarcerated to separate them from the innocent, and to punish them by removing their freedom. In modern times this incarceration was to provide some form of rehabilitative treatment as well. The more compelling motive for ... , our political leaders have done just that, but in doing so they have created a monster called the "Prison Industrial Complex". This PIC is thriving on the great profits that can be made by locking people up. Privatization of prisons has created another motive for incarceration. Where we ...

• Word Count: 2156
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... application of statistical reasoning to social phenomena profoundly influenced the course of European social science" (Adolphe Quetelet). Quetelet began his work in the early 1820's "when he was employed by the government of low countries to improve the collection and interpretation of census data" (Adolphe Quetelet). Quetelet met the government's requests and devised improvements. "Quetelet was the first to ... property crimes increase" (Frank Schmalleger, Rebecca Volk, 2001, 43). "Quetelet claimed morality undergoes a seasonal variation" (Frank Schmalleger, Rebecca Volk, 2001, 43). Th...

• Word Count: 2092
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... such wide use cannot be fought against, and soon enough legislators will hopefully realize that marijuana prohibition cannot be sustained. Marijuana prohibition is a total waste of funds, time, and resources by the United States government when there is far more harmful and unacceptable crimes going on within the United States. Opponents of marijuana legalization argue that the legalization of recreational marijuana ... ...

• Word Count: 1053
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... these differences and is applied to put down one party and boost another. According to Edinburgh and Lothian's Regional Equality Council, there are seven different types of discrimination as told by the Equality Act of 2012 in Britain. There is direct discrimination which occurs when one is treated worse than another based on a certain characteristic that one of them holds, for ... ...

• Word Count: 812
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a way that cleans up all of the racist actions towards others, including its own colleagues, then America will be at fight with one less war. Families who have been traumatized by racism in law enforcement, won't ever be the same as before, however, why not start with the families who have not experienced a traumatic loss, or event involving law enforcement being ... ...

• Word Count: 730
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate