... Lagarde's exceptional talent and broad experience will provide invaluable leadership for this indispensable institution at a critical time for the global economy," Geithner said (Rooney). Lagarde will succeed Dominque Strauss-Kahn, who was recently arrested in New York for sexual assault. Lagarde is the first woman to hold this position and was selected by a consensus vote (Rooney), "I am deeply honored have ... the trust placed in me by the Executive Board. I would like to thank the Fund's global membership warmly for the broad-based support I have received. I ... to Greece and other t...

• Word Count: 519
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Asparagus" by troops. Rommel had strongly thought that Germany would unavoidably be conquered except if the attack could be ended on the shores. He had declared that it was unquestionably necessary that the Germans pushed the Americans and British back from the beaches. The Channel Islands and particularly the island closest the Britain known as Alderney, were heavily fortified. Hitler had announced that 1/12th of both ... the concrete along with the steel that had been used in the Atlantic Wall should be going to the Channel Islands. The Channel Islands were known as ... attacks in are...

• Word Count: 662
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The U.S.S. Panay is one of six small river gunboats that had been built in 1927 to protect American commerce and interest on the Yangtze River in China. The Panay, along sister ships Guam, Luzon, Mindanao, Oahu and Tutuila were part of the Yangtze River Patrol of the United States Navy's Asiatic Fleet assigned to guard against pirates attacking commercial shipping along the river. As ... oil barges. While survivors attempted to make their way to shore, the Japanese fighters strafed them. A total of two seamen and one civilian were killed and eleven officers and men of the Panay were seriousl...

• Word Count: 460
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Britain's government, politics, and culture were all affected by the Revolution, as their failure spurred the Parliment to reaffirm both its governance and its competence. Another country which felt the aftershocks of the Revolution was Holland, which was inspired to revolt against the dominant force of Britain when they learned of America's victorious triumph over the vast empire. The undying pursuit of liberty and freedom by patriotic Americans ... left lasting political and emotional imprints on countries such as Europe, the Netherlands, and most of all North America ... ...

• Word Count: 837
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Greece to get involved in aiding another attack on Turkey, who lost their own homeland in the end. By 1912 the Balkan League was formed, who was still intent of ridding their county of the loathed Serbs. They were successful in the Balkan Wars, which threatened other great powers. With the decline of Bulgaria and Turkey in the Balkans, the Serbs were able to gain a great deal of power ... and wanted to unite all Slavs in the area. They wished to ... other. This led France to declare war on Germany, who in turn, crossed through Belgium to invade France, breaking Belgium's neutrality and...

• Word Count: 578
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... armada ever assembled, 11,000 aircraft and approximately 154,000 British, Canadian and American soldiers, including 23,000 arriving by parachute and glider. The invasion also involved a plan on a scale the world had never seen and the secretive operations of tens of thousands of allied resistance fighters in Nazi-occupied countries of Western Europe. American General Dwight D. Eisenhower was named supreme commander for ... 's plan was a solid operation. After reviewing the disastrous results of the hit-and-run raid in 1942 in Dieppe, planners decided that the strength of German defenses ...

• Word Count: 543
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of both manufactured goods and agricultural goods shot up. Many Americans believed that United States had to expand or explore after the close of the western frontier. The U.S. was bursting with a new sense of power and nationalism, generated by the booming increase in population, wealth, and industrial production. Many Americans thought that overseas markets might provide a safety valve to ... put required more raw materials, especially from overseas markets. To meet these needs, America adopted a strategy of "informal empire," shunning formal territorial possessions, with the exception ...

• Word Count: 572
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... over time, it came to be called the "Manhattan Project." Robert Oppenheimer was the scientific director of the Manhattan Project and worked at a laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico. This laboratory was responsible for actually designing the bomb. The materials for the project were gathered and assembled at a number of facilities in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom. The workers at these facilities were never told what ... classified information from a spy working in the inner-circle of Manhattan Project scientists. The spy was Klaus Fucks, a German-born scientist who wa...

• Word Count: 1155
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Command was also told to attack German cities "for their intrinsic industrial and psychological value" on nights when conditions prevented identification of the primary target. This became known as "area bombing". In the summer of 1941 a survey of bombing accuracy over Germany at night revealed that just 30% of bombers found their way to within even five miles of specific targets ... the Germans were advancing rapidly into the heart of Russia, and the Japanese, having struck down the American fleet at pearl Harbour, were on the verge of the conquest of an empire. Because of this the Bri...

• Word Count: 915
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in this situation was often not the go to way to reform government because the political parties were not loyal and had weak ties with one another. Creating a coalition to passing a contentious bill could cause the Reichstag to fracture. This great political instability had greatly hindered the effectiveness the Weimar Republic's government. The Weimar Republic faced numerous opponents who wanted a new regime. While the Social Democrats did hold a lot ... of power, they were a politically "moderate" group thus facing persecution from both the left and right. The German military organiza...

• Word Count: 943
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... off-loaded 3,400 tons of explosives obliterating the people of Dresden. The event known as the Bombing of Dresden has always been named as one of the most controversial incidents and the single most destructive bombing of the Second World War. Why this act of genocide was committed, can only be told by the people in charge, nonetheless the stories of the survivors still horrifies and proves how inhumane ... measures that would accelerate an ending, became preferred proposals. The Bombing of Dresden was such a proposal and the intension was to "hit the Germans where they feel it most, behi...

• Word Count: 627
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... trusting each during the Cold War. This split in ideology drove to the development of the 'two camps theory', which was that the world split along the lines of the two ideologies. The Tehran War Conference where the 'Big Three' – Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill met to discuss issues focusing on military matters in Europe. One of the main outcomes was the commitment to the opening of a ... second front against Nazi Germany by the Western Allies. ... This second front was important for Stalin, as it would help to take the pressure off the Russians on the Eastern Front. There ...

• Word Count: 885
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and consequently Germany. Joseph Stalin wanted to force them away so that he could have full control over the city of Berlin and later expand to the rest of Germany and surrounding countries. It is interesting to point out that the US and the USSR were partners short before the Cold War took place. "Hitler's invasion of Russia in June 1941 forced a four-year ... start expanding to surrounding areas. In response, the Western Allies organized the Berlin Airlift to carry supplies to the people in West Berlin. Aircrews from the United States Air Force, the British Royal Air Force, the Royal...

• Word Count: 834
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... States would respond to any communist aggression with nuclear force. It was largely ineffective however; no one really believed that the U.S. would resort to the use of nuclear weapons. When communist China helped the North Vietnamese in the 1950s, Eisenhower backed down. The policy followed by President Kennedy in relation to the use of nuclear force was a more symmetric approach; his strategy of flexible response dealt more ... end to involvement in foreign aggression. Nixon's policies reflected this change through the Moscow summit of 1972 and other peaceful relations with the Soviet...

• Word Count: 1540
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Finally, agreed disarmament would prevent an arms race like the one that contributed to the tensions that led to World War I. The League itself may seem Utopian or impossibly idealistic, and did appear this way to many critics even when the League originated. Ironically some of the League's strongest critics were isolationists from the United States who did not agree with Wilson's idea of global organization ... In 1920 Sweden and Finland fought over the Aaland Islands, with the League ruling in favor of Finland. In 1921 Germany and Poland argued over Upper Silesia, and the League split...

• Word Count: 660
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... living, America almost always had some sort of gain when "helping" other nations. The ideal of expansionism was taken too far during this time period, until the point of imperialism. The hypocritical treatment of the people who lived in the Philippines, the devious way that America conned their way into owning the Panama Canal, and the way in which America imposed their ideals upon Hawaii are all examples of ... was similar if not the same, as the Spain's treatment of the Cubans. When the US eventually won the war, they did gain the freedom of the Cuban people, but this also came with Pue...

• Word Count: 727
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... serve as one of its officers. " (Origins of the 442nd). After the study by the military board, President Roosevelt approved in February 1943 the formation of Japanese Americans into fighting units. One of these units, the 442nd Regiment, consisted of Japanese Americans who wanted to prove their loyalty to the United States.  This unit adopted the motto "Remember Pearl Harbor ". This motto is a testimony of the 442nd Regiment's loyalty to the United States ... and lost their lives to save their fellow American soldiers of the "Lost Battalion ", Americans back home saw that Japanese Amer...

• Word Count: 1509
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a man condemned to eternally roll a large stone up a mountain, only to have it fall back over him and roll to the bottom each time.) Throughout the poem, Thomas never passes on the opportunity to immerse the reader in the hunchback's pain, as each stanza's language dramatically describes the hunchback's tragic life. For instance, Thomas writes, "A woman figure with out fault straight as a young ... friend. Even though the reader does take solace in the fact the hunchback at least "has his nights," Thomas's closing lines, " the birds the grass the trees the lake and the wild boys innocent ...

• Word Count: 1641
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... winning President Roosevelt's approval for his strategies as opposed to the military tactics the Chiefs of Staff wanted to implement such as island-hopping, which would allow the gradual pushing back of the enemy but would have consequent heavy casualties. Analysis The Chiefs of Staff wanted to attack the Japanese head on by taking over each Philippine island at all costs, including heavy casualties. ... going against the island-hopping strategy. In my view Macarthur wanted to show the world he is a conscious leader that was protecting American lives and would bring freedom to the Philip...

• Word Count: 384
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and France was angry and thirsty for revenge over the loss of Alsace-Lorraine. Austria-Hungary and the Balkans had tensions throughout the many cultural groups comprising them. Imperialism was also a definite contributor with a deliberate and competitive attempt by western European to colonize Africa. The Moroccan crisis between France and Germany proved to be one "testing ground" for French allies Britain and Russia ... escalated to such an extent. Without the backing of other countries and armies, nations would be hard pressed and tactically foolish to enter a conflict or exercise mili...

• Word Count: 621
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... army had been so successful in all their past invasions, the inference was drawn that Moscow would easily fall under the command of the Nazis once they defeated it. Kiev eventually fell, and the Nazis launched a two-pronged attack on Stalingrad. The battle was brutally bloody, and the German army who were used to the ease of the Blitzkrieg attack were forced to confront their enemies in hand-to ... much shaken up and was not able to resist the forces of the Allies in the latter of the war. The USSR's Defeat Over Germany Germany invaded the Soviet Union in the summer of 1941 with a preju...

• Word Count: 1288
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... 1918. There are many opinions as to what started the war, but I believe it was not just one event, but a chain of events that started the war. So in the following paragraphs I will give a brief summary describing the events that led to the Great War. The spark of the war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. He was assassinated in ... on June 28th, 1914. Ferdinand's death was at the hands of the Black Hand, a Serbian terrorist society, and these series of events are what sparked the world's first global war. Arguing that the Serbian gove...

• Word Count: 706
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... questioned Britain's reasons for wanting to ally itself with a militarily weak country like the United Stated. Their suspicions were correct because Britain only wanted to become allies because they were afraid the United States was going to take over Cuba and therefore threaten Britain's ownership of the Caribbean. Adams thought that the proposal was unnecessary and that it would stop American expansion. Adams suspected that ... amounts of goods at below cost prices. By doing this manufacturers in America are threatened and call upon the government for help. The government, in order to...

• Word Count: 501
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... supported Israel and detested Egyptian president Nasser. The Sinai crisis solidified the framework of the Cold War in the Middle East - that is, from this point on the Soviet Union supported the Arabs, and the United States Israel. This theme continued in the following conflicts - the six-day war of 1967, the Yom Kippur war of 1973, the invasion of Lebanon in 1982 and the Intifada. When the Palestinians announced their statehood', in 1988 ... , the Soviet Union supported them and America did not. Constantly, the ... ...

• Word Count: 864
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... this emboldened Hitler. As he gained control over Sudetenland without a fight, Hitler became more ambitious and set his sights for the rest of Czechoslovakia and more and more countries in Europe. This eventually led to the breaking out of World War II. Since the Munich Agreement paved the way for one of the causes of World War II, the very thing that rhe Munich Conference wanted ... to Germany and thus paved the way for Hitler's invasion of the rest of Czechoslovakia, causing it to lose its independence and sovereignity. Thus since the Munich Agreement failed to prevent Hitler's agressi...

• Word Count: 627
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate