... they were forced to pay heavy taxes to the French regime (Franchini 1988). This sense of nationalism resulted in the French losing their foothold within Cambodia during the Second World War and consequently led to the independence of Cambodia in 1953. The next two decades in some sense were represented by single man dominance in Cambodian politics with king Sihanouk, dictating ... land (Cambodia Tribunal Monitor). This horrific time period came to an end during the late 1970s thanks to a war started with Vietnam. The war resulted in a Vietnamese invasion in 1978 and Pol Pot fleeing the c...

• Word Count: 3095
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... and internal armed conflicts. In this regards, a number of obligations were established with the adoption of the Convention Concerning the Duties and Rights of States in the Event of Civil Strife in 1928. With the creation of the United Nations in 1948, the attitude of the international community towards mercenaries and mercenary related activities changed mainly due to the recognition ... is enshrined in article 1 common to the two International Covenants on Human Rights of 1966: the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil ...

• Word Count: 9871
• Approx Pages: 39
• Grade Level: Graduate

... explained. Ireland in 1937 is not at its first attempt to establish a constitution, although it is still a burgeoning Republic. Indeed, following the war of independence which led to the Treaty of 1922 granting autonomy to the south of the island, a Constitution had already been put in place and ... grown up at that time, especially in the north of the country: the events that were taking place in the north (demand for civil rights for the catholic minority which led to the sending of British troops to Northern Ireland and direct administration by Westminster of that part ... , there was...

• Word Count: 10522
• Approx Pages: 42
• Grade Level: Graduate

... already indigenous peoples living there with their own traditions and always having a sense of pride of their heritage. Perhaps the Second World War gave the nationalists the chance and the opportunity to build the foundations of an independent state free from imperial rule, and with the ... to the Dutch Empire, not willing to allow it. Not able to provide enough troops themselves, due to the impact of the Second World War, they looked upon their allies. The Australians occupied eastern Indonesia without struggle, however, the British encountered opposition from autonomous groups and an...

• Word Count: 4015
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... railways, new technology, new infrastructure and techniques of political management, but it mostly benefited the colonizers. When developing states won independence at the end of the Second World War, they were left with significant challenges. Populations had radically lower standards of living than those in the West, production tended to be concentrated in a narrow range of ... vacuum making it difficult to establish stable authority, particularly where national borders had been drawn with a ruler to suit colonial administrators. A combination of guilt, altruism and Cold War geopoliti...

• Word Count: 7309
• Approx Pages: 29
• Grade Level: Graduate

... hemisphere. The battle lines would be drawn around the question of democracy versus communism (the fact that communists had been the most effective campaigners against fascism in Italy during the war being ignored), and as United States intervention effectively campaigned it; it was a matter of "communist dictatorship- versus the idea of "freedom for all-. The United States intervention in Italy ... began with their influence over the allocation of funds for the war the worn torn country. The Truman administration's stance became clear quite quickly: vote democratically and receive mill...

• Word Count: 2795
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Graduate

... and united Europe - This was the preface to a declaration made by Robert Schuman, French Foreign Minister (1948-55), as Europe lay in ruins in the aftermath of the Second World War. Rebuilding Europe required a new philosophy of international relations, one based on real equality between States and the will to take concrete action together, a radically new way of building friendship, and ... challenge of incorporating a "rich tapestry" of diverse religious beliefs, cultural disparities, and the barrier of language. A generation of mobility in the labour market and the long-term effects ...

• Word Count: 2876
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... believe Kennedy stood head and shoulders above the rest. When looking back at JFK's presidency people see, the man who saved the world from nuclear war in the Cuban missile crisis, the lost leader who would of saved the agony of Vietnam. Although these view points can be challenged for example although ... he may have saved the world from nuclear war he also put the American people in that position, with the invasion of Cuba by Kennedy, and it was only on the understanding that Nuclear ... American people at the time were unaware of this information and saw Kennedy as the hero, the fact...

• Word Count: 3620
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Graduate

... such as the Spaak committee suggested further integration of the European economy. In 1959, the Treaty of Rome established the European Economic Community. As security interests evolved and the Cold War collapse brought on global instability, in 1991 in the Maastricht Treaty, European nations agreed to design the European Union, composed of three organizations: the European Community (economics and monetary), the ... organizations may change and develop in accordance with the world situation to achieve these end-results. Although during the Cold War, the United Nations was relatively po...

• Word Count: 2668
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Graduate

... the deaths that they caused as well as the protagonists' executions, these attacks were not overtly aestheticised in the way that Futurists, several years later, declared that "we will glorify war- the world's only hygiene"41. Therefore, the use of violence by anarchism was certainly encouraged more widely in the movement, but it was rarely linked in with a sense of ... cited by Christiana Taylor as the advent of Futurism's tendancy towards 'machine theatre'46. This aesthetic emphasis on warfare naturally came to full fruition upon firstly the start of World War One in 1917 and resulta...

• Word Count: 5030
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... fight for separation from Britain; We must endeavour to forget our former love for them, and hold them as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in war, in peace friends. The fact that war is mentioned before peace, however, not only gives an ominous indication of the subsequent battle America will have to fight in order to achieve this description of ... attacks on King George's rule, was effective in persuading more reluctant revolutionaries, many of whom would have stayed a colony of the British Empire in favour of the violence which ensued. War is also a primary feature in the closing...

• Word Count: 3113
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Graduate

... in maintaining Sparta's power and internal stability throughout the period. Although this system had originally brought Sparta to her hegemony in 404 BC with victory over Athens in the Peloponnesian War, flawed elements within her own economic system and the conservative nature of her leaders throughout the period had eventually led to the state's decline. These elements included an imperialistic ... helots were very rebellious and resented their Spartan masters. It is often stated that the one of main reasons for Sparta's transformation into a military state after the savage second Messe...

• Word Count: 2813
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... control of society.2 In these years, the passion for nationalism on which the Fascist ideology was based found breeding sites everywhere in the world where the wounds of the Great War were still open. Most importantly though developing side by side with the model of Italian Fascism was the much more incisive and ruthless model of German National Socialism, led by ... or in Mussolini's case especially, Italy's political and economic frailties. Hitler however, would use sport to an exceptionally devastating effect which would allow him to hide his true intentions of war and to hide the at...

• Word Count: 3439
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... established cultural diversity among immigrant communities enables immigrants to overcome the pluralism and its corresponding conflicts. In Immigration And National Identity In Obama's America: The Expansion Of Culture-War Politics, Williams reviews immigration problems in America focuses on culture diversity establishment and equilibrium. In his argument, Williams emphasizes: But the years after 2004, and particularly since ... job market and educational opportunities. Overall, intense competition contributes to the expansion of collective intelligence. In the article Exploiting the Ex...

• Word Count: 2954
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... 's imperialism was to provoke a spirit of resistance against French rule due to the sense of patriotic pride citizens felt towards their country, such as in Spain prior to the Peninsular War in 1808 when peasants revolted against French troops on their soil. Germany is a prime example of a country which impacted positively from nationalism exported by Napoleon and the French. In the ... tend to be the most active politically and socially as seen from the French Revolution. During the Hundred Days campaign in 1815, Murat who was the King of Naples declared war on the Austrians and proclai...

• Word Count: 4602
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Graduate

... with adverse effects amongst products produced by global biotechnology giant Monsanto have been identified. It should be noted that the Monsanto corporation is no stranger to controversy: during the Vietnam war they were responsible for the formulation of Agent Orange (Herbicide Orange), a herbicide used in an attempted defoliation campaign under the code name Operation Ranch Hand. The horrific effects of Monsanto ... came in the wake of Agent Orange, which willfully used flawed scientific methods in order to avoid major controversy regarding the egregious and toxic effects of the herbi...

• Word Count: 3198
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... alternatives to development. Rather than disavowing aims to improve or ameliorate the livelihoods of people, what post-development thinkers mean is the rejection of what Matthews calls the post-World War II (WWII) development projects. Cognizant of the lack of post-development focused literature on African development, Matthews provides compelling evidence for post-development theorists to focus their attention on the ... " is not expressing the true intent of post-development thinkers. The development referred to in this phrase more accurately describes the structure of development cham...

• Word Count: 3546
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Graduate

... entirely exclusive. Perhaps Miliband, when quoting the statistics regarding the ownership of family-named companies, overlooks the fact that many of these companies would have been started within the post-war era – and would, therefore, still be owned and run by the very individuals who founded them. Upon examination, it seems this holds true for approximately 40% of these companies ... ...

• Word Count: 2635
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... infect or intoxicate humans living or working in the area. The medical consequences of such use are potentially catastrophic unless measures are taken to minimize the potential impact of biological war- fare agents on our people. Proper planning for terrorist as well as military scenarios, better and more realistic training under adverse conditions, adequate environmental detection and monitoring, improved vaccines and ... ...

• Word Count: 4455
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... perceived the epidemic to be the result of lenient laws and many advocated for more punitive practices to be implemented by law enforcement in retaliation. This era, known as the War on Drugs, introduced zero-tolerance policies as a measure of combating this crime wave that so many feared. These tough-on-crime laws aimed to decrease crime through deterrence effects, hoping ... ...

• Word Count: 4044
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... would they receive the information instantly, but the speed at which they receive the information could save many lives. At last, quantum teleportation can also be used-besides business and war-in space. NASA is known for its astronomical space exploration and its research made by famous physicists like Stephen Hawking and Albert Einstein. The people from NASA have made many ... ...

• Word Count: 4225
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Graduate

At the time this Report is being released, the world economy continues to emerge slowly from the most serious economic crisis of the post–World War II period-one that has deeply transformed the global economy and highlighted the increasingly important role that emerging markets and developing economies play in the global economy. As advanced economies ... ...

• Word Count: 4162
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... the United States and the apparel industry is one of the largest industries in Los Angeles . Surpassing the once mighty aviation industry, which suffered in the aftermath of the cold war because of military cutbacks. What enabled the garment industry in Los Angeles to grow like this when the rest of the country was experiencing cut backs in its home production ... ...

• Word Count: 2535
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... x-ray machines were available for healthcare facilities in 1914 (DeJauregui, 100 Medical Milestones 40), Marie Curie and her daughter Irene Joliot Curie, constructed x-ray stations in the battlefields of World War I to help diagnose wounded battle soldiers' injuries such as skull fractures (DeJauregui, 100 Medical Milestones 52-55). Since this time as we have learned the many benefits and practical uses ... ...

• Word Count: 3038
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate