... adolescent problems. The statistics about teenage runaways, alcoholism, drug problems, pregnancy, eating disorders, and suicide are alarming. Even more startling are the individual stories behind these statistics because the young people involved come from all communities, all economic levels, all home situations-anyone's family. The common link is often depression. For the individuals experiencing this crisis, the statistics become ... excessive drinking. (Elkind 203) Researchers have found that depressed teens are at particularly high risk for drug and alcohol abuse. Abuse of drugs, al...

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... of the drugs wear off, the person may experience withdrawal symptoms: anxiety or jumpiness; shakiness or trembling; sweating, nausea and vomiting; insomnia; depression; irritability; fatigue or loss of appetite and headaches (National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence). Cultural Issues Depression has certain important cultural aspects. One is its gender-based differences. Borooah (2010) studied data from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Survey (CPES ... likely, suicide is the final outcome of a serious emotional disorder that was not recognized or treated. Depression i...

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... effects then adults (Gold 287). Some side effects may include cotton mouth, dizziness, headaches and blurred vision, and possibly even some heart conditions (Gold 244). For treating Manic Depression psychiatrists use the drug lithium carbonate. Lithium carbonate is a naturally occurring mineral salt. It was approved in 1970 FDA and is now one of the most helpful drugs in preventing mania (Gold 17 ... ). In the early 1950s physicians discovered that severe depression was seen in about 15% of patients that were being treated for hypertension and on the drug reserpine. Reserpine kills monoa...

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... people who are more prone to depression usually become depressed if action is not taken against the feelings of low self-worth. Usually "action" comes in the form of antidepressants. In 2002, antidepressant drugs comprised $17.1 billion of the $400 billion prescription drug market. Sales rose five percent from 2001, making antidepressants the third largest pharmaceutical drug market in the world, trailing only ... -depressant pharmaceuticals are a billion-dollar industry. For many people, their feelings of depression are cured by popping a pill every day. However, drugs do not help every...

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... classified as an "adult illness". "Twenty percent of high school students are deeply unhappy or have some kind of psychiatric problem." The causes for depression in teens are sometimes more harsh than the causes in adults. In a teen's lifetime they have to face many problems and sometimes they have ... they will act as if they do not care anymore, then the uncaring attitude increases until they no longer care about much at all. Depression also comes after a teenager is trying to learn about him or herself and understand their body, and their emotions towards others. Sometimes these ... ...

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... . We"re talking about a real illness that has neurobiological underpinnings and that parents have to take as seriously as diabetes." (Kantrowitz) The actual definition of depression, according to a variety of dictionaries, is a state of feeling sad. A psychoneurotic or psychotic disorder marked by sadness, inactivity, difficulty in thinking and concentration ... treated like one. Many people with this illness simply slept their lives away or died an untimely death by their own hands. Individuals diagnosed with depression have a serious illness that needs to be treated. "Without treatment...

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... more realistic perspective. Most professionals prefer therapy to medication, because children are too young to become dependant on such a thing, and it is much healthier. If the case of depression is more serious, and the child is severely depressed or suicidal, then medication would be recommended. Generally, a combination of both medication and therapy is considered to be the most ... been going on, how often they occur, and how severe they seem.(3) They should see a mental health profession for the child. Also, adults should seek information and ask questions about depression. Talk t...

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... more realistic perspective. Most professionals prefer therapy to medication, because children are too young to become dependant on such a thing, and it is much healthier. If the case of depression is more serious, and the child is severely depressed or suicidal, then medication would be recommended. Generally, a combination of both medication and therapy is considered to be the most ... been going on, how often they occur, and how severe they seem.(3) They should see a mental health profession for the child. Also, adults should seek information and ask questions about depression. Talk t...

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... points to a depressive. "Medical science has proven that resentment-anger turned inward-contributes to the very real biochemical changes that characterize severe clinical depression," (4,21). Depression is probably the most common and can last from one full day, up to several weeks, or longer. Page 2 Bipolar Disorder is ... times the patient may experience even worse feelings of frustration and may have "ideas of suicide or recurrent thoughts of death"(5, Dealing with Depression) which sadly depression is often linked. A depressive can become very hush-hush about their feelings of suicid...

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... they can happen randomly. When a loved one dies, you experience a breakup or are diagnosed with an illness. In very extreme cases of Major Depression, one may take their own life to escape the never ending feeling of sadness. There is also Persistent Depressive Disorder, which lasts for about two years ... hurt ones feel worse about themselves. Now you may be asking what the actual purpose for self-harming is. And I'll tell you. Much like depression, it is triggered and caused by certain life events. People with a history of physical, sexual, or emotional abuse fall victim. Co-existing p...

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... thoughts; the individual may feel that they are better off dead or that there is no point in anything. Lastly, people suffering from depression may feel or look tired and may even develop insomnia. They become so wrapped up in their depressive thoughts, that sleep no longer ... that they are not. From a personal stand point, from reading these various articles; I feel that I have a very acute amount of depression. Very much coming from overwhelming stress, from existing and current family troubles, lack of nurture or care from my parents, life stressors, and relationship ... it does st...

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... made to determine what causes depression. Also ensuring a better quality of life to people would reduce depression such as more vacation time in the work force and equality. There are many alternative recommendations for depression. A person can take medication to help the body reduce the amount of anxiety and depression in a person. A drug called Trazodone helps reduce depression but also helps in ... receiving more sleep to those with depression who have a lack of sleep. Anti-depressants are often given to patients with ... this illness for a year to help reduce depression. Also thera...

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... suicide, have trouble eating or sleeping, experience drastic changes in behavior, give away prized possessions, have already attempted suicide before, have difficulty concentrating, or take unnecessary risks (Hales 69-70). Depression can be caused by an illness, loss of a family member, or a break up in a relationship. Some episodes last for a week or two, and some for several months. Everyone goes through ... twelve step programs are free and having a group of people with similar problems who can offer advice and support can be more effective especially to those struggling with depress...

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... unknown. However, a combination of genetic, biological, and the overlapping of psychological and environmental factors categorize the believed causes. Because depression contributes to the suicide rate, disturbs close friends and family, catalyzes an alcohol or drug problem, causes physical and psychological problems, and increases monetary costs, all of its effects are negative and plague today's society every day ... . The first category of believed causes for depression is genetics. Many scientists and doctors believe that the development of depression is hereditary. Many studies have...

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... attempts • Restlessness, irritability • Persistent physical symptoms, such as headaches, digestive disorders, and chronic pain, which do not respond to routine treatment Another type of depression very similar to major depressive disorder is dysthymia, only differing in severity and intensity of the symptoms. Although the length of time that it affects a person's life remains the ... • Grandiose notions • Increased talking • Racing thoughts • Increased sexual desire • Markedly increased energy • Poor judgment • Inappropriate social behavior Causes of Depression The caus...

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... even the loss of longtime friends, abuse of alcohol and illegal drugs, and in more drastic cases, suicide. Children exhibit many of the same signs or symptoms as adults regarding depression, including persistent sadness and hopelessness such as excessive crying or moping; withdrawal from friends and family; withdrawal from activities once enjoyed such as sports or other recreational events; increased irritability ... enthusiasm or motivation which can be a direct result of the change in their sleep patterns; low energy and chronic fatigue an additional result of change in sleep and eating...

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... extreme low (Weaver 1999:83). The exact nature and cause of depressive affliction, which radically changes a person's mood and behavior, is not completely understood. Theories explaining the origin of depression fall into two major categories, psychosocial and neurobiological. "Psychosocial theories are based on observations of the human behavior and on explanations as to how the human mind and human mood ... have parents with depressive disorders have a 25 to 30 percent chance of inheriting a form of depressive disorder (Ainsworth 2000:57). Treatment for depression is often trial-and-err...

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... how another person acts. The symptoms do not affect everyone the same way ("What Is Depression? | Understanding Sadness and Clinical Depression)( Teenage Depression). Anxiety may also come with depression, if it does not trigger the depression. The two illnesses are very common, and many experience one with, or right after ... some are the best they can be, and knowing this will throw them a curve ball and make them feel unworthy. Another thing that can trigger depression could be the long term effects of an abusive relationship, a death of a close friend or relative, a parents' divorce...

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... -9 an attractive, dual-purpose instrument for diagnoses and assessing severity of depressive disorders, particularly in setting of clinical practices (pg. 6)". The consistency in results and its ability to discover depression and classify the severity makes it easier for both doctors and patients alike to use because of how easy it is to administer. With the help of today's quick technology ... misdiagnosed, 70 percent who are prescribed antidepressants are not only diagnosed incorrectly, but are left without proper monitoring while taking the medication and the actual percentage of wome...

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... in a very severe depressive mood. This change in mood can happen over hours or over a period of time. The differences between Dysthymic Depression and Bipolar Disorder is that Dysthymia does not affect normal activities like Bipolar Disorder; it also stays longer. Teenagers are the most common to ... fifty percent of the same genes in common. Additionally, identical twins are five times more likely to have bipolar disorder. This suggests that depression and bipolar disorder can be inherited which was previously stated. Even if twins are adopted they still have the vulnerability to become...

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... people get sick and die, parents divorce. We try to shield our children from these troubles, but we can't. Sometimes, painful life events can lead to depression. Other times, childhood depression related to biological factors seems to occur for no apparent reason. Among both children and adolescents, depressive disorders confer an increased risk for illness and interpersonal and ... should not lie only in the physician's hands but be associated with parents, teachers and anyone who interacts with the patient on a daily basis. Unlike adult depression, symptoms of youth depression are ofte...

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... people experience feelings of sadness, or melancholy every now and then. But when these feelings last for weeks, months or even years, it is referred to as clinical depression. Depression can hamper a person's ability to function effectively throughout the day and even eliminate their desire to get out of bed in the morning to face the day. According ... (MOIs) were first developed. Along with Lithium, used mainly as treatment for manic depressive behavior, these drugs represented the first major medical breakthroughs in chemical treatment of depression. The most commonly prescribed anti...

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... Add the heat of hormones in a teenage body, and those feelings can become even harder to manage. But when do those sad feelings cross the line and become depression? Depression is a medical term. It is defined in Mosby's Medical and Nursing Dictionary as "An abnormal emotional state characterized by exaggerated feelings of sadness, melancholy, dejection, worthlessness ... . A major change in the patterns of daily living, such as a serious loss, a chronic illness, a difficult relationship, or finical problems, can cause the onset of depression. Psychosocial and pharmacological treatments m...

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... tragic. Until about ten years ago, children's mood swings and irritability were considered nothing but a phase that kids go through and would eventually outgrow. It has been proven that if depression in teenagers goes unnoticed and, therefore, untreated, the children gradually will turn to doing drugs ("self-medication") and consuming alcohol, will drop out of school, will become promiscuous, and for ... also shows that depressed teens usually suffer for many years before they are identified. Even some adults who work with kids (teachers, coaches, pediatricians) can misread the signs of...

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... changes (Brown, 996). According to the DSM-IV classification of mental disorders, there are nine symptoms in which to look for when testing for depression. At least five of these symptoms must be present within a two week period to be considered depressed. These nine symptoms include: A depressed ... Eaves, & Costello, 2002). It is in response to the early onset of puberty in females and other key factors that the rate of adolescent depression in females is double that of adolescent males. While boys gain more positive feelings about their bodies through adolescence, girls" negative perce...

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