... endocrinologist (a physician who specialized in the hormone system), Menopausal women, especially those who experience early menopause, are at higher risk of hypertension cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis (Santen et al., 2010). Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Troubling news emerged in the early 2000s about increased risk of serious illnesses linked with the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), a ... do not believe medical practitioners provide optimal care. The American medical community needs to do a much better job of informing, screening, and treating poor ethnic-minorit...

• Word Count: 10094
• Approx Pages: 40

... every member of the colony submit to the chosen religion. As mentioned earlier, the Jamestown colony was established as a business venture (Ayers et al, page 48). The owners of the charter intended to become rich and stay in England. Most of the first inhabitants were also only concerned ... with becoming wealthy and returning to England (Ayers et al, page 48). This became quite a hindrance for the population of Jamestown. Many of the original settlers were too concerned with making money to ... patriarchal society. Women were required to help with the spiritual education of their child...

• Word Count: 988
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... resistance among loyal customers toward competitive strategies (Dick and Basu, 1994). Brand loyalty, however, is not as straight forward as it seems. Chauduri et al (2001) define brand loyalty "as a deeply held commitment to re-purchase or re-patronize a preferred product/service consistently in the future ", this ... and attitudinal loyalty. In turn, these have an influence on outcome-related aspects of brand equity like market share and relative price (Chaukuri et al, 2001). Donvaband (2007) shows similar results in his study, he finds that the ultimate achievement when building brands...

• Word Count: 9844
• Approx Pages: 39

... the American population. Cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes are largely affected by food intake, and mostly by variety and nutritional levels of food intake (M. Wahlqvist et al, 1989). Individuals studied by M. Wahlqvist et al (1989) were found to consume foods that were less healthy and they are not adding variety to the foods they ate. Their diets consisted mostly of unhealthy ... obesity. There is data across multiple ethnicities and it is evident that minority groups suffer from higher obesity rates in comparison to people of white ethnic backgrounds (L. M. Powell et al 200...

• Word Count: 3588
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... their own needs, but in making an effort to educate and treat on a global level given that the world is becoming a larger global community, (Ervin, 2005;Frieden, et al., 2005;Newman, et al., 2006). There are also other barriers within the United States. Conservative political groups still view sexually transmitted diseases as punishment for "sinning," or immoral lifestyles. It is ... society means that now the pathway is open to effect greater political change and gain greater access to resources via public pressure on policy makers, (Ervin, 2005;Frieden, et al., 2005;Newman, et al., 200...

• Word Count: 3192
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Organisations (NGO) in the authoritarian country. Liberal foreign policy analysts show a third avenue to bring non-liberal states to become a democracy, namely by inspiring them (Smith, et. al. 2008: 66). They advertise the principles of liberalism to the citizens from the authoritarian states and show them how good and successful the people in these countries live, how ... and they start to protest against the national government. This process will be quickened by transnational contacts, which could be tourism or especially important today, the Internet (Smith, et al., 2008: 66). 3.2 S...

• Word Count: 3715
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography

... with their parents were characteristic of the insecure attachment style. This insecure attachment style associated with familial violence may then lead to developmental problems or psychopathology (Kashani, et al., 1997). Internalizing Effects Although a strong correlation has not been documented between family violence and a subsequent diagnosis of major depression, researchers have found that children may ... exhibit many symptoms of depression (Kashani, et al., 1997). For example Kashani, Shekim, Burk & Beck (1997) found that there is a significant relationship between children's sel...

• Word Count: 5880
• Approx Pages: 24
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... relationships with their parents were characteristic of the insecure attachment style. This insecure attachment style associated with familial violence may then lead to developmental problems or psychopathology (Kashani, et al., 1997). Although a strong correlation has not been documented between family violence and a subsequent diagnosis of the Internalizing Effects, researchers have found that children may exhibit many ... Children who witness physical violence between their parents seem to have more behavioral problems than children from families in which high parental conflict exis...

• Word Count: 6312
• Approx Pages: 25
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... emissions in a particular country, will result in a significant drop in their prices, resulting in economic gains for fossil-fuel importers, and losses for fossil-fuel exporters [Bernstein et al., 1999]. Depending on the carbon tax and the carbon intensity of the product, reduce international competitiveness. In energy-intensive industries, such as chemicals, steel, or cement, mitigating countries ... global warming could increase this number to sixty percent [McMichael and Haines, 1997]. Algae and Vibrio Cholerae thrive with increased carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and warmer environments [...

• Word Count: 3241
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... acting hormonal methods, the IUD and the pill and the least effective methods are condoms, spermicides, withdrawal and periodic abstinence (Darroch et al., 2001). This study (Darroch et al., 2001) suggested that the problem of teenage pregnancy in the United States may be related to less sex education in schools ... Reid, & Mott, 2001). The time and energy spent on a child could have been devoted to school, work and leisure time activities (Hofferth et al., 2001). Most teenagers that give birth to children drop out of school. Other consequences such as low-achievement, low-motivation and...

• Word Count: 1222
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... breakage of small limbs, 2, moderate; which was breakage of small limbs approximately 15 cm thick, 3, servere; which was snapping of major limbs (Rebertus et al 1997). ANOVA was used to compare percent damage of all trees among topographic position, and linear regression analysis was used to examine how damage varied with the ... topographic site coefficient (Rebertus et al 1997). In the scientist research they had come to the conclusion that Basswood, American Elm, Sugar Maple, and Northern Red Oak were most ... in Western New York during March 3-4 of 1991, which deposited 2 cm or mor...

• Word Count: 1536
• Approx Pages: 6

... is the ridge roughness factor, C is the climatic factor, L is the equivalent unsheltered distance across the field along the prevailing wind erosion direction, and V is the equivalent vegetative cover (Baffaut et al. 1998). As validation for the Wind Erosion equation (WEQ) two field sites were established in southern Alberta (one in 1990, one in 1993). At Site 1, total N in windblown sediment trapped ... infertile sandy soils. To be successful, an organic farmer requires a sound knowledge of soil type, crop management and the incidence of pests and diseases in different seasons (Arden-Cla...

• Word Count: 2964
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... differences. Students with autism who are Black or Asian/Pacific Islander are labeled "Autistic " at twice the rate of students who are American Indian/Alaskan or Hispanic, (Warikoo, N., et. al., 2009). These statistics raise questions such as: are families from some minority cultures reluctant to have their children identified as having Autism or identified as having a disability at all? ... and a gift from God. They feel that they have been given a challenge with their child with Autism and they are to use the "challenge " to become a better person, (Hernandez, D. J., et. al., 2009). A...

• Word Count: 3056
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... improved by their moral principles. "What morale principles can guide reasoning about policy implementation? Ethical theories, grounded in moral principles provided direction for school leaders" (Rallis et al., 2008, p. 18). Morale principles are often grounded in ethical practices which provide direction for school leaders. The theories of ethical practices are divided into two categories: consequential ... resources according to need and to redress historic inequities. The resources are communal; investing them in disadvantaged of the community results in benefits to the whole" (Rallis ...

• Word Count: 2753
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... improved by their moral principles. "What morale principles can guide reasoning about policy implementation? Ethical theories, grounded in moral principles provided direction for school leaders" (Rallis et al., 2008, p. 18). Morale principles are often grounded in ethical practices which provide direction for school leaders. The theories of ethical practices are divided into two categories: consequential ... resources according to need and to redress historic inequities. The resources are communal; investing them in disadvantaged of the community results in benefits to the whole" (Rallis ...

• Word Count: 2753
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... most studied nutritional factors affecting lead toxicity, both clinically and experimentally. There are several suggestions in the lead toxicity literature that the two metals are metabolically related. In 1926 Aub et al (4), pointed out that physiologically, the "Pb stream"" follows the "calcium stream." " Some 25 years ago Six and Groyer (5) showed that a low-calcium diet containing varying ... critical organs. Many other experimental studies have shown that absorption of lead by the gastrointestinal tract is inversely related to calcium content of the diet. More recently, Bogden et a...

• Word Count: 1554
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ). In essence, what happens on one side of the world effects changes on the other side due to the diverse link of cobwebs states have through channels of interactions (Baylis et al. 2011, p.106). Not to mention, due to globalization, the increased interdependence among states in terms of economic circumstances, decrease the possibility of a political conflict (Qianqian, p.82). This provides ... growing presence in international institutions (Friedberg 2005, p.36). The concept of power is more than just material factors, constructivists view legitimacy as a contributing issue to the idea...

• Word Count: 2830
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... against a standard. In the United States, the standard used is the CDC Revised Growth Reference (Barlow & Dietz, 1998). Internationally, several standards (Cole et.al, 1995; Ogden et al., 2002), including one based on a pooled international sample (Cole et.al, 2000), are also in use. Several periods in development have been proposed as critical periods in the development of persistent obesity and its comorbid consequences ... environment, and own disability. In another study, "ratings of quality of life for children with obesity were similar to those of children undergoing chemotherapy ...

• Word Count: 1512
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... that were readily available in the past. The most effective form of therapeutic community intervention involves three stages: incarceration, work release, and parole or other form of supervision (Inciardi et al. 1997, pp.261-278). The primary stage needs to consist of a prison-based therapeutic community. Pro-social values should be taught in an environment that is separate from the ... encouraged to return to the work release therapeutic community for refresher sessions, attend weekly groups, call their counselors on a regular basis and spend one day a month at the facility (Inciardi et...

• Word Count: 2478
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... , violence, the environment, sexual concerns, war and drug abuse. In the same study, the top five concerns of rural students included education, family issues, war, violence and the environment (Barrons et al, 1997). Some of the main parallel problems include alcohol/drug abuse, gangs, crime and violence, and teen pregnancy. Martin and Smith claim that, "Many Americans are unaware of the fact ... chance of being "at-risk." These students show greater rates of behavioral problems, feelings of alienation and hopelessness, suicidal Similarities in Challenges 4 tendencies, teen pregnancy, an...

• Word Count: 2073
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography

... critical approaches to the political world; while realism is focused on state survival through the ultimate balance of power and dominance, liberalism promotes cooperation and collaboration between states (Baylis et al., 2011, p.102-103). Unlike realists, liberalists do not identify the condition of anarchy as the main source of conflict (due to the lack of mistrust and cooperation ... towards other states); however, certain strands of liberalism identify undemocratic regimes (non-democracies) as a source of conflict (Baylis et al., 2011, p.102). As a result, when some liberal theorists ...

• Word Count: 1664
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... have stated that there is still so much to learn about diversity training, even with the number of studies in organizational and educational settings. Diversity Training Bezrukova et al. (2012) stated that diversity training is defined as a distinct set of programs aimed at facilitating positive intergroup interactions, reducing prejudice and discrimination, and enhancing the ... for people to be taught how to work successfully with dissimilar others which may boost large success for both organizations and individuals (Bezrukova et al. 2012). Training Setting: Campuses versus Workplace Be...

• Word Count: 2115
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... despite their widespread success worldwide. For example, hip resurfacing was not available in the United States of America despite resounding success around the world in many medical tourism hospitals (Horowitz, et al., 2007) Furthermore, the patients who pay out of pocket, and even some patients with higher deductibles, find that some procedures are so costly that they could not simply afford them ... or absence of malpractice insurance allow many developing countries to offer some procedures at 10 per cent of the cost in the United States, inclusive of travel and accommodation (Hopkin...

• Word Count: 1368
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... native species because they are often quick growers, easily propagated, able to survive diverse conditions, and have no natural predators or diseases in the new environment (Davis, Grime, et. al. 2000). For example the Japanese Barberry is a successful invasive plant because potentially it is either allelopathic, out-competes the other plants for resources, or because people keep buying ... phytotoxins could be density-dependent. The more plants present, the less effective the phytotoxin because smaller than lethal amounts are being absorbed by each individual plant (Thijs, Shann, et al...

• Word Count: 1856
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... common and school administrators frequently transferred responsibilities of student discipline to law enforcement, people began to question if such harsh policies were necessary means of violence prevention (Fine et al., 2003). By 1997, 3.1 million students were suspended annually as a result of zero tolerance policies; and in 1998, 87,000 students were expelled under the ... delinquent behavior and additional suspensions. This contradicts the first assumption of deterrence, demonstrating that harsh punishment is not an effective means of preventing re-offense (Skiba et al., 2006). Addit...

• Word Count: 4044
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate