The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) is an Act of Congress passed in 1978 and signed by the then President Jimmy Carter. The Act stipulates the procedures to be followed when obtaining intelligence from foreign powers and agents of foreign powers both physically and electronically. ... In 2001, it was amended to involve groups and terrorist organizations not supported by foreign governments in an Act called the USA PATRIOT Act. ... The most significant amendment to the bill was The Patriotic Act of 2001 after the country faced the biggest attack from a foreign terrorist group. ... ...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The debate over foreign military installations on Australian soil has also heightened since the actions of September 11th, however, since the cold war and the threat of Soviet invasion the military installations been in place. ... D Doherty, Fighting Foreign Military Bases, International Secretary for Pax Christi International. ... However, Pine Gap was and still is set up with a fairly definite intention which is 3CI, or to command, control, communication and intelligence. ... The Pine Gap Facility is an intelligence collection facility, which serves to support our mutual security interests, ...

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The desire for intelligence is rooted in the instinct for survival. ... The very first U.S. military intelligence unit, known as the Knowlton's Rangers, completed multiple intelligence related operations, including sabotage and spying. However, that was just the beginning of intelligence in America. ... The Office of Naval Intelligence was created in 1882, and the Military Intelligence Division was created in 1885. ... This attack was considered a catalyst to the American intelligence community because after the attack, there was an increase in resources devoted to intelligence agencies....

• Word Count: 2957
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• Grade Level: High School

Central Intelligence Agency soon noticed these Soviet activities and on October 15, U-2 spy plane provided alarming but conclusive evidence that the Soviets were constructing missiles launch sites throughout Cuba. Photograph evidence of suspicious objects were sent to a U.S. intelligence agency, identifying them as Soviet-deployed nuclear missiles heading towards Cuba just "hundred miles from the American shores " (Dobbs 48). ... One of the negative roles of intelligence was when intelligence, including the air force chief Curtis Lemay, made a formal recommendation to the President to attack ...

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Does Canada have an Independent Foreign Policy? ... The question regarding "Does Canada have an independent foreign policy?... Finally and most importantly Foreign policy must be defined. ... Foreign policy can further be expressed as the diplomatic strings which hold this world together. ... The invasion was a complete disaster and embarrassment to the United States who had planed the attack which was to be led by Cuban exiles under the command of the Central Intelligence Agency. ...

• Word Count: 1888
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The budget we have now is geared for a great deal of troops in foreign countries, nuclear warheads in numbers far beyond any other countries, air and sea vessels and crafts that are possibly not needed in these high numbers. ... We should not eliminate foreign defense and placements of bases and troops in foreign countries by too much though. ... We should shift some of the budget to the intelligence portion of the government though. ... As overall human intelligence and technology increase, so does the intelligence of any potential enemies, as proved in the 911 attacks. The military intel...

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• Grade Level: High School

Another benefit was that it allowed for law enforcement and intelligence personnel to share information more effectively. ... It has helped law enforcement and intelligence agencies disrupt and prevent terrorist plots. ... The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) Amendments Act of 2008 was another way congress took legal action against terrorism. ... It does this by requiring a court order to monitor any American citizen for foreign intelligence surveillance, no matter where they are. ... After 9/11 U.S presence in foreign countries became more known. ...

• Word Count: 1222
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The green berets train to perform five important missions: Foreign Internal Defense, Unconventional Warfare, Special Reconnaissance, Direct Action and Counterterrorism.(Payne 1) In addition to the individual skills of operations and intelligence, communications, medical aid, engineering, and weapons, each special forces soldier is taught to train, advise, and host nation military forces. ... Two noncommissioned officers, or NCOs, are trained in each of the five Special Forces functional areas: weapons, engineering and demolitions, medicine, communications, and operations and intelligence, an...

• Word Count: 495
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In the immediate aftermath of the Benghazi attacks on the US Embassy in Cairo, the US Intelligence authorities declared that a group of protestors spontaneously reacted against a short film posted on YouTube that degraded the Prophet Mohammad. ... After reviewing the attack for two weeks, the US Intelligence Agency is concluding that they now believe the September 11 attack on US diplomatic facilities was not random (Hosenball). "We revised our initial assessment to reflect new information indicating that it was a deliberate and organized terrorist attack carried out by extremists," said S...

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Furthermore, the NSA works as an intelligence agency which protects U.S. government communications and information systems. With that reason, the NSA collects American's communications to serve intelligence activities. President Obama stated that the NSA is an effective intelligence agency "The NSA is a useful tool to protect U.S. information systems and produce foreign intelligence information. It is also one of the most important centers of foreign language analysis and research within the government" ( Heavy Staff par. 15). ... If the NSA exposes everything it does, the NSA c...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The law also creates new relationships between domestic criminal investigators and agents of foreign intelligence ("USA Patriot"). ... For instance, Title 215 allows the government "access to records and other items under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act" (Talanian). ... It states that "roving wiretaps" are now authorized to the government by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (Talanian). ... Last year, Attorney General of the United States John Ashcroft asked the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court to grant 1,228 surveillance and search warrants, a thirty-one percent i...

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Several of Baghdadi's lieutenants were officers and intelligence officials in the party. ... US intelligence estimated an increase to around 20,000 foreign fighters in February 2015, including 3,400 from Western countries. ... A report by Sky News exposed documents showing that passports of foreign Islamists wanting to join ISIS by crossing into Syria had been stamped by the Turkish government. ... The conflicts in Syria and Iraq have attracted foreign fighters by the thousands. Middle Eastern and Western intelligence agencies have raised concern that their citizens who have joined the ...

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For example adults can talk about family problems and the quest for extraterritorial. intelligence while a seven year old child could hardly find anything to say even if she is clever to understand what the two concepts are about. ... However, in my personal view, if an adult and child are exposed to the same foreign language teacher and the same hours of class instruction, child would still be better imitators of the teacher's pronunciation. ... Most of them have the experience of going to foreign language middle school and being taught at an early age by foreign teachers. ... But the o...

• Word Count: 1663
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

When the Boxer Protocol was enforced the Manchu had to agree to even more foreign demands and when they failed to intervene in the Russo-Japanese war, anti-Manchu and anti-foreign feeling increased. ... As the treaty ports grew and flourished the people living there were exposed to many foreign ideas and the urbanized population quickly became westernized. ... Since the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks on Washington and New York, China has also allowed the United States to station an F.B.I. counter-terrorism agent in Beijing and shared intelligence with the United States on militant Islamic groups b...

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• Grade Level: High School

They are in fact our allies and friends which help us to improve the foreign learning. ... However, it is not true for the case of learning foreign language. In chapter 10(Superlearning), it said that IQ is not the essential quality to learn foreign language successfully. People with average IQ can be very good at learning foreign language than the people with high IQ. It is because IQ tests only measure the mathematical and logical abilities while language learning requires other forms of intelligence such as interpersonal communication ability, self confidence and ...

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Under Ashcroft's direction Congress has passed several pieces of legislation, namely the USA Patriot Act, which amends the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. ... The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act also widens the use of wiretaps by law enforcement officials. ... Under FISA, a secret court in Washington authorizes intelligence on suspected foreign agents. ... This resulted in much of the intelligence gathered being impossible for prosecutors to reach. ...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Humanism is a belief that that individuals control they"re own destinies through the application of they"re intelligence and learning. Since education is full of self-actualizations, every condition necessary to humanism would be based on they"re learning intelligence. ... Another example about humanism in education would be the foreign studies of education in different countries around the world in the different type of environment that, that certain countries expects the future leaders to be educated in learning. For example in other words, the country of china expects their future lea...

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The dilemma arises when U.S. citizens are treated as enemy combatants not on a foreign battlefield but on American soil. ... Padilla is an invaluable intelligence source. ... Lowell Jacoby, director of the Defense Intelligence Agency, said that "successful interrogation required a continuing atmosphere of dependency and trust between the subject and interrogator. ...

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Critics have a problem with the provision in the law in which it gives intelligence and law enforcement agencies more power to investigate. ... In the eyes of its supporters the act achieves the goal of reforming and updating the way intelligence is gathered, which has been long overdue. ... It does not expand the amount of people or groups of people whom the government can target and obtain information, the targets must be foreign power or an agent of a foreign power. ... The government must have a probable cause, that the person is engaged in or preparing to engage in "international terror...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The most apparent way for the country to stimulate these types of changes in the economy lies within the realm of foreign direct investments. ... South Africa is truly in need of foreign direct investments for many reasons. ... Each issue plays a pivotal role in keeping South Africa from being as attractive to foreign direct investors as some other countries. ... It is believed that in order for South Africa to reach the level of foreign direct investments that it needs in order to further facilitate its growth that the country needs to implement deeper studies into the Marketing Intellige...

• Word Count: 797
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

., e-mail) • authorizes nationwide execution of court orders for pen registers, trap and trace devices, and access to stored e-mail or communication records • treats stored voice mail like stored e-mail (rather than like telephone conversations) • permits authorities to intercept communications to and from a trespasser within a computer system (with the permission of the system's owner) • adds terrorist and computer crimes to Title III's predicate offense list • reenforces protection for those who help execute Title III, ch. 121, and ch. 206 orders ...

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• Grade Level: High School

The overthrow was made easier by the fact that the Indonesian economy was in dire straits at the time, due to a cut-off of assistance from the United States, under the influence of British intelligence. ... In the 1970s, foreign oil cartels moved in to exploit the oil fields in Indonesia. This brought in much-needed foreign exchange to the country. ... His assassination by British intelligence marked the beginning of the end of his policies. ... Countries like Malaysia became a source of cheap assembly labor for foreign corporations. ...

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The Misfit displays a clear superiority in intelligence through his behavior and actions. ... While these points show the weakness of the grandmother, they also prove the superiority of the Misfits intelligence in comparison. ... Because of the Misfit's age, real-world experience, and physical build and the arms he carries, he has a clear one- up in intelligence in this situation. ... This intense sign of weakness is foreign to the grandmother and is what ultimately gets her killed when placed against someone of higher intelligence. ... The Misfit takes the lead in both intelligence and c...

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By giving foreign terrorists the right to be tried in the American court system, provides them the same robust constitutional rights as a US citizen and public enemies of the state have never been afforded the protections of the Bill of Rights (Dehn 1). ... Foreign terrorists should be tried in a consistent manner and not haphazardly flip-flopped between military tribunals and US civilian courts. ... The information exposed during the court proceedings divulged US intelligence on terrorist organizations and compromised the security interests of the US. ... The Classified Information Procedure ...

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What type of intelligence would have to be acquired as a protective measure? ... Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, was passed in 1978. It allows a secret court to engage in surveillance on any foreign individual, an agent of foreign power as defined in the act. Surveillance under FISA is permitted based on finding probable cause that a target is indeed a foreign power, irrespective of whether the target is suspected of criminal activity. ... The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court is composed of seven federal district courts appointed by the Chief Justice. ...

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