... of theatre attendees for non-musical plays is 47 years old, and 45 years old for musicals. The previous SPPA, conducted by the NEA in 2002, found that the median age of attendees for both non-musical and musical plays was 44. In 1992, the SPPA reported a median age of 42 for both plays and musicals, and in 1982 the median age for both was 39 ... generational diversification of American theatre audiences. The issue of a lack of visibility is addressed by recent studies as a primary problem in gaining the attendance of the current generation of young adults, and a basic given from many othe...

• Word Count: 10314
• Approx Pages: 41
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to Brecht's scientific stance in the first version of the Life of Galileo, science, if beneficial to the human race, should not be controlled by those of higher political power, but by those who make the discoveries. Brecht also parallels Galileo's systematic and intensive research of the 1600's to that of the Marxist scientists of the 20th Century in the first version of the play. Martin Esslin speculates that Brecht focused on the scientific system being "an open system ... , relying on constant testings of its findings ... ...

• Word Count: 2841
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , feminist plays through their diversity, expand the definition of what feminist theatre is and must be given adequate room to express themselves without restrictions in terms of form and style. Firstly, the term 'feminist theatre' covers a multiplicity of feminist concerns, as seen in the development of the various waves of feminist theatre. The first wave came just at the turn of the 20th century with the suffrage plays, dramatized by the Actresses' Franchise League. Then in 1968, after ... by changes in the geographies of feminism, women studies, economics, politics and cultural ...

• Word Count: 3095
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to Venuti's theories of Invisibility, domestication and foreignisation because these are both the most relevant theories in use today and also the tactics used by the translators of Asterix themselves. Chapter 3: Theories behind the Translation 3.1 Introduction In this chapter we will be looking at the concept of translation and how the definition of the practice has been developed. The field of translation is an ... (Munday 2001: 20). Jerome was of the opinion that a word for word translation would sound "absurd" and would not at all convey the meaning of the original text. Indeed one ...

• Word Count: 9276
• Approx Pages: 37
• Has Bibliography

... , but it cannot separate the political from the theatre; the drama of revolution is in search of a form, a meta-theatre, in which the overcoming of an order is thus first and foremost the attempt to suspend the law of genre. This essay will examine the role and discourse of the theatre in Brecht, how the relationship between theatre and politics has evolved and look at two plays from the first half of the 20th century. A term indicating theatre used for political purposes ... as representing a common impulse, as well as a lone individual. This is a play about people who are prepared to d...

• Word Count: 2709
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the Regional Coordination Unit [RCU]8, the Neighbourhood Renewal Unit [NRU]9) and initiatives (such as New Deal for Communities; Neighbourhood Management, the Neighbourhood Renewal Fund; Community Strategies). All have sought to create a holistic and integrated approach to urban regeneration. In policy terms the first fruit of this new approach, and arguably Labour's flagship regeneration programme, was the New Deal for Communities (NDC), with 39 ... the international ILO definition). Much of this increase has occurred in the context of a relatively buoyant labour market but evidence-base...

• Word Count: 9857
• Approx Pages: 39
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... for blacks. August 28, 1963, in front of the Lincoln Memorial, published the "I Have a Dream" speech. He is the winner of the 1964 Nobel Peace Prize. In April 1968, Martin Luther King, Jr. went to Memphis, after the strike leaders, was assassinated at age 39. From 1986 on wards, the US government every year on the third Monday in January, will be for the Martin Luther King Day. He was an American Baptist ... King, Jr. launched a campaign aimed at the poor against the economic issues, the event did not get the early civil rights movement of the support innovation. The following year, in...

• Word Count: 3040
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... 1597 he bought New Place, a substantial three-story house in Stratford. With the opening of the splendid Globe Theatre in 1599, Shakespeare's fortunes increased and in 1602 he bought additional property: 43 hectares (107 acres) of arable land and 8 hectares (20 acres) of pasture north of the town of Stratford and, later that year, a cottage facing the garden at New Place. In 1605 he bought more property in a neighboring village ... Athenian lovers; another by members of the fairy world "notably, King Oberon, Queen Titania, and the mischievous Puck; and the third by a group of bumbling a...

• Word Count: 7010
• Approx Pages: 28

... between its participants on stage and off, a true extension of homo ludens, then the Restoration offers an example of one of the most rare games in the theatrical history. Played first in a theatre that was little more than a salon, and reflecting the behaviour of an unusually homogeneous audience whose preconceptions the audience shared, Restoration comedy rapidly developed an intimate style of speech and behaviour whose private signals were to be understood ... Helenas wit becomes the objective correlative of her threatening female sexuality by the virtue of which she is able to emasc...

• Word Count: 8176
• Approx Pages: 33
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... him heavy. (38) His intelligence was adequate to his surroundings, and that is a passport, not only to reasonable success, but still more to happiness. (39) There was in Charles Strickland at least something out of the common. (41) Appearance In point of fact he was broad and heavy, with large hands and feet, and he wore this evening clothes clumsily. He gave you somewhat ... to his surroundings. (110) That was in his character. He was a man without any conception of gratitude. He had no compassion. The emotions common to most of us simply did not exist in him, and it was as absurd to b...

• Word Count: 6573
• Approx Pages: 26
• Grade Level: High School

... States may or may not closely resemble one's own."2 Whether the American family resembles other families in the wide world or not is a matter of the American‟s concept of the family. Contemporary researchers of the family insist that no definition of the family fits the reality of all the cultural groups and historical periods. Perhaps the best way to define the diverse forms of this social institution is to draw attention to its character. In this ... play, Desire Under the Elms. Desire Under the Elms represents one of the supreme moment in the history of American tragedy, because it...

• Word Count: 9352
• Approx Pages: 37
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... –39). They felt that its outcome would shape the future, particularly since a second world war seemed close. In 1937, Auden wrote a poem entitled Spain. In the poem, he sees the war as a battle between good and evil forces. The forces of evil are associated with Fascism and the regime of the dictator General Franco; the forces of good are associated with the Republican army which had the support of the majority of the ordinary people of Spain ... clearly in any English dramatist of the turn of the century. The plays of Harley Granville-Barker in the early years of the century also had ...

• Word Count: 10566
• Approx Pages: 42

... their previous efforts. However revisionists argue that this analysis is too naive and simplistic. Martin Pugh disputes the traditionalist view and believes that women were not granted the vote solely for participation in the war and states "The reforms of 1918 represented the conclusion of the attempts and manoeuvres of liberal and labour radicals for many years before 1914"3 Therefore there are other ... females to gain better employment opportunities in various sectors of the workforce as they were educated. Furthermore by the late 19th century higher education colleges and universitie...

• Word Count: 2867
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Panther Party holds its place as an iconic group from the 1960's that failed to send out a real message or have a positive impact. Possibly the darkest day of the Civil Rights Movement was the day Martin Luther King, Jr. was assassinated. On April 4th, 1968 at the young age of 39 King was shot as he stood on the balcony at his Memphis hotel. He was rushed to St. Joseph ... 's hospital where he was pronounced dead at 7:05 pm. At the time of capture, James Earl Ray admitted to ... the murder but later on tried but failed ... ...

• Word Count: 3205
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... may hold, an analysis of each author's essays provides a foundation to assess the varying sides to the issue of Jewish resistance. Martin Cohen, in his essay "Culture and Remembrance: Jewish Ambivalence and Antipathy to the History of Resistance," justifies Jewish behavior during a time of crisis. His essay is based around the idea that "there is a tendency to downplay the role of Jewish resistance" during the Holocaust (Cohen 19). The major issue that upsets ... differing opinions originate. While Bettleheim provides a unique twist in conventional analysis of the Holocaust, and Cohen a...

• Word Count: 3189
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... reach that high with their voices, this is purely because Castrati or a male singer castrated before puberty are no longer created. Opera is quite probably the most expressive performance of any kind because it incorporates all the elements of the performing arts, dance, song, music and theatre. One of Mozart's more famous opera's was Don Giovanni, which he was commissioned to write soon after his triumphant performance ... , which is something very rare in a composition by Mozart. The Exposition begins in bars 32-55 and introduces the first subject in the key of D major. One of the most...

• Word Count: 2641
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... find meaning in what Shakespeare has written for his characters. To aid understanding of the keywords I provide a glossary and turn a definition task, where students need to use dictionaries to find meanings of the words, into a competition that works well for boys as the competitive element motivates them – team this up with a reward of merits, postcard or phone call home and it can do wonders for productivity ... ;Playing Shakespeare' season reports: "I have never failed to come away inspired and full of ideas to help open up the language and world of Shakespeare to my students. They...

• Word Count: 3914
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... definition, the electronic payments that will be the objects of present result, are the payment that are executed by the payer himself, whether the latter is a consumer or a business, without the intervention of the another natural person. Furthermore, the payment is made from distance, without the physical presence of the payer and naturally it does not include cash. By providing such definition for the electronic payment system, researcher include the transfer of information concerning the accounts of the parties involved in the ... . 2014) Oyetade and Ofoelue, (2012), An Appraisal of ...

• Word Count: 8424
• Approx Pages: 34
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... of how calculus developed over the centuries. 1. The embryonic stage As early as in the ancient Greeks (3rd - 5th century B.C.), people already started to discuss about the concepts of "infinity", "limits" and "infinite partitions". These are all crucial concepts in the theory of differentiation and integration. Despite the fact that some of these discussions were absurd from a modern logical point of view, they are remembered as the first human attempt to understand the concepts of ...  a = x0 < ... ...

• Word Count: 6149
• Approx Pages: 25
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... three levels of analysis in organizations: (1) the personal level, (2) the social level, and (3) the systemic level. Finally, the article identifies theft prevention strategies at each level of analysis, incorporating both procedural and interactive strategies. Definition of Employee Theft Employee theft is included in the general class of "deviant behaviors" in organizations, but the study of theft has suffered due to the variety of approaches and definitions of the concept (Robinson & Greenberg;, 1998). For the purposes of this article ... (Hollinger & Clark;, 1983). Employee Theft Is...

• Word Count: 6022
• Approx Pages: 24
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... work, both as a tool creating endless new possibilities, and as an organizational tool for the business aspect. As far back through the documented times of our society that we look, people have always argued the definition of art. Is the existence and quality of art determined by the creator? The viewer? Is there such a set definition? Thousands of years have passed without an agreeable concrete answer to that question. George Berkeley (1685 ... included under that umbrella, I think that it is a near certitude that anyone who tries to unravel the question what is art would venture writi...

• Word Count: 2964
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

... all, are a product of their native lands" (39), and hence those wrestlers are inherently different from the Japanese and (more importantly) cannot ever change to incorporate traits (if not physical, at least psycho-cognitive) that constitute "Japan-ness." This totalizing view is simplifying and untrue. Another problematic assumption is that the collection of traits that constitute "Japan-ness" are amenable to definition and are, hence, contained ... , clear-cut and static. Isn't Uchidate, by evoking the image of the "falling blossom" and by referring to "our own Japanese ideals of beauty...

• Word Count: 6746
• Approx Pages: 27
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... -neglect to APS in 1996, 48.7 percent, or 115,110 reports were substantiated after investigation, 39.3 percent were unsubstantiated, and 8.2 percent were still under investigation at the end of 1996. The remaining 3.8 percent of reports had other outcomes (e.g., suspected victim died, could not be located, or had moved away). Of the 115,110 substantiated reports in 1996 for which information was available, 61.6 percent (70,942) were ... data collection instruments, which were revised based on the results of the tests. (The full definition and signs and symptoms for each type of abuse and...

• Word Count: 6948
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... understand what a computer language is. A computer language is defined as a formal language in which computer programs are written. The definition of a particular language consists of both a syntax and semantics. The syntax, or the rules governing construction of a machine language, is the main part of defining a language. The semantics or the logic of the language is the second defining factor. Many computer languages are available, but only a few are used in modern, or fifth generation ... was BCPL, or Basic Combined Programming Language. BCPL was not a descendent of FORTRAN but was p...

• Word Count: 3573
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Gatsby and Zelda Fitzgerald, who was eventually overtaken by the lifestyle she and F. Scott Fitzgerald lead, and experienced a number of mental breakdowns which caused her to be hospitalized in mental facilities (sanitariums) for the remainder of her life. Myrtle Wilson's sister, Catherine, declares that Myrtle was "crazy about [George, her husband] for a while" (p. 39). Myrtle Wilson vehemently denies being "crazy in love ... was lifeless, statuesque in nature - as if she were a fixture of the home or another piece of furniture. Daisy isn't held in any better light by Nick, unable to ris...

• Word Count: 2520
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School