... the late 1940s and at East Oregon College in La Grande in the 1952-53 academic year." "[In 1950] Miss Martin became a naturalized American citizen. By the mid-1950s Agnes Martin was living in the art colony of Taos, New Mexico, where she joined the Ruins Gallery ... the painting to "breathe," as one observer put it. Commenting on the show for the New York Times (February 10, 1989), Michael Kimmelman found Miss Martin's latest works "austere," yet expressive of "a certain delicacy," visible in the subtle variations from line to line. "But whatever the configuration," Kimmelman ... minimal...

• Word Count: 3087
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... had dramatically improved: his brother Gansevoort had become the secretary for U.S. legation in London under the Polk Administration. Melville could now support himself solely by writing, and his first two novels were notorious successes. In August 1847 Melville married Elizabeth Shaw, daughter of the Chief Justice of Massachusetts, and began ... to the style that had made Melville famous, but neither work expanded the author's reputation. In the summer of 1850, under the influence of Nathaniel Hawthorne's, "The Scarlet Letter," Melville bought the Arrowhead farm near Pittsfield so that...

• Word Count: 2748
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography

... characters who make up the collective voice of that society. "If things go on at this pace, Lefferts thundered, looking like a young prophet dressed by Poole and who had not yet been stoned, we shall see our children fighting for invitations to swindlers' houses, and marrying Beauforts bastards" In ... . He believes that marrying Beauforts bastards' is something unquestionably bad. Reading this novel now, I see it as something perfectly normal. Lefferts is disgusted by this prospect, but fails to see that it is the future and he is powerless to stop it. Society in 1870s New York was in d...

• Word Count: 2558
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... the distance. The area I am now standing in was known as the Sixth Ward in the early 19th century, which was encompassed by West Street to the west, Reade Street to the south, Canal Street to the north and Broadway to the east1. It currently is host to numerous city offices ... interested in seeing the detailed Mannahatta Project maps in 3D may do so by visiting themannahattaproject.org and plug in an address in Manhattan to see what it would have most likely looked like before the Dutch West India Company bought Mannahatta from the Lenapes in the early seventeenth century and ... as Ne...

• Word Count: 3406
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Indians to were willing to trade. In 1624, the Dutch West India Company sent 110 people to the island that Hudson discovered. The thirty French-speaking Protestant families, called Walloons, were to set up a base for privateering and fur trading. The Pilgrims had come to Manhattan Island earlier, which was made possible by the English Virginia Company. In 1626, the population of ... Manhattan Island was 270. The Dutch West India Company provided many incentives for people to come to their colony, but the colony still grew too slowly. To make up for ... Pittsburgh and Milwaukee. Almost ...

• Word Count: 4369
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... experienced the enforcement of missionary schools, which emphasized the assimilation into white culture and society. Throughout missionary schools, the American Indians experienced discrimination in the white society and was rejected by their tribe (Kozol, 1991, p. 9). These ethnic minorities were victims in the past who didn't received full education just like the wealthier people. Education was main priority to the ... Unlike public schools, charter schools have the freedom to design educational program that best fit for their students. While comparing charter schools to public schoo...

• Word Count: 2573
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... (Mattachine Society) Another important organization that popped up, in part thanks to the Mattachine Society, was the Metropolitan Community Church, founded in 1968 by Baptist Reverend Troy Perry. This was the only mainstream church that allowed homosexuals as leaders or members, in a time where most churches would not ... forms of oppressions they faced daily. However, most gays and lesbians felt the worst form of maltreatment came through gay bashing, especially when done by public officials. Unending detainments, physical beatings, rapes and sexual assaults were quite prevalent, often...

• Word Count: 4166
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography

... in a lifelong limp. However, the crippling effect of polio on young Dorothea was both a blessing and a curse. Because of her noticeable limp, she was often ridiculed by schoolmates and stared at on the streets; she also developed deep feelings for others facing adverse obstacles. As an innocent victim of circumstance herself, Dorothea could sympathize with victims of ... artist. Dixon's influence on Lange, as an individual and photographer, was profound. During their 15 year marriage, the couple had two children, Daniel and John. Finding herself divided by dual loyalties of motherhood a...

• Word Count: 2892
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

... in a lifelong limp. However, the crippling effect of polio on young Dorothea was both a blessing and a curse. Because of her noticeable limp, she was often ridiculed by schoolmates and stared at on the streets; she also developed deep feelings for others facing adverse obstacles. As an innocent victim of circumstance herself, Dorothea could sympathize with victims of ... artist. Dixon's influence on Lange, as an individual and photographer, was profound. During their 15 year marriage, the couple had two children, Daniel and John. Finding herself divided by dual loyalties of motherhood a...

• Word Count: 2899
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

... . On the contrary, some other people believe that fate can be changed. In the movie Whale Rider, based on a novel of the same name written by Witi Ihimaera, the main character Pai lives in a patriarchal society where she is forbidden from becoming her tribe's chief because she is a girl, even though ... to change his fate, even though he wants to, because he has already lost his innocence. So instead, he later decides to somehow achieve his purpose by protecting the innocence of others. Pai looses her innocence in a different sense, but the significance is similar to that of Holden. When ...

• Word Count: 3123
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to construct a major sports stadium in an area that had such a small population. There was also little unity in terms community pride as described by Sullivan and historian Lloyd Ultan "The area had little common identity. Lloyd Ultan, the borough's notable historian, writes that, in the 1890s, Bronx ... Yankees off the hook of integration. Because the team continued to pile up championships, no one could argue that the roster could be improved, and, by his presence on that roster, the Yankees had conformed to an emerging social requirement for professional sports teams. " (Sullivan 101...

• Word Count: 2808
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography

... have been killed for a dispute over money, and fingered an individual named Curtis Scoon as the prime suspect in the investigation, and the man wanted by police for questioning" (Creekmur, BET). However, exact details remain unclear. Some believe that the murder was apart of a bitter rap rivalry, and ... others believe it was a drug deal gone wrong. However, friends and family close to Jay are certainly outraged by any mention of the previous, and they remain optimistic about finding his killer. Jam Master Jay, along with Joe "Run" Simmons and Darryl "DMC ... 's insistency to provide oxy...

• Word Count: 2526
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... , and shocking and appalling to the mainstream society of the time. Intolerant, bigoted authoritarians who were familiar with prison colloquialisms labeled them as punks. Delighted performers taunted these puritanical autocrats by gleefully embracing what was meant as an insulting, derogatory epithet, and the name "Punk " rock was born. Where punk started is another disputed controversy. One contention is that the ... , there was a poetic genius from a little town called Austin, Texas attending the University of California at Santa Cruz. His stage name is Jello Biafra. Biafra was a small ...

• Word Count: 3241
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... twelve, and the Kensico system has one reservoir. Each of these nineteen reservoirs have watersheds. Watersheds are areas of land that are drained by a reservoir. Catskill and Delaware watersheds are generally the largest in the system. Dams are used in the New York City System to turn ... It holds 4.4 billion gallons. It has a 3.7 square mile watershed. The water quality of this reservoir is slightly above average. The water is threatened by sewage and storm water runoff. The Amawalk Reservoir is located in Westchester county, twenty-five miles away from New York City. It can hold 6.7 bi...

• Word Count: 5087
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: High School

... and enjoying celebrations to commence the end of the war. The most famous fashion trend of the era was flapper apparel brought to life by designers like Coco Chanel. Members of high society we perfect candidates at the time to be models, displaying their opulent lifestyles encouraging the ... an advertisement for Dior of model Dovima. The image is easily one of the most recognizable photographs of the era. Dovima with elephants, Evening dress by Dior, Cirque d'Hiver, Paris, August 1955 Other influential photographers of the time include Irving Penn, Iban Montero and Henry Clarke; all of ...

• Word Count: 2862
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... effects of these perceptions on the public. The common thought is that playing violent video games gives people, especially youths, the propensity to commit delinquent acts of violence. The study by Ferguson and Olson (2014) did an intensive study on the aggression and delinquency in videogames with youths already problematic symptoms and found that, "violent video games were associated with ... of Rodney King and the racist remarks of Mark Fuhrman elevated racism and police brutality into national issues." The disparities of news coverage and the narratives used are furthered by over-r...

• Word Count: 2700
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... are they maximizing their fitness in that situation? They are not attempting to do so through the act itself, because they employed protection against that possibility of producing viable offspring by using protection. They are actually decreasing their fitness, because committing such a crime might ultimately land them in jail where it is relatively impossible to produce offspring. In addition most ... incapable of producing offspring seems to refute the idea that fitness maximization is the underlying motive behind all of society's actions and behaviours. An attempt to answer this prob...

• Word Count: 2643
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... on merit-the ability to perform the work rather than any form of personal or political favoritism; (B) that since jobs are to be filled by weighing the merits of applicants, those hired should have tenure regardless of political changes at the top of the organizations; and (C) that the ... (Uniformed Fire Officers Association). For many years after the advent of the paid New York City Fire Department in 1865, numerous efforts were made by employees to organize into benevolent or fraternal associations. The inherent danger of the job, coupled with poor working conditions, inadequate wages...

• Word Count: 2887
• Approx Pages: 12

... was hesitation as to what to call it- . "Some suggested New Realism based on an analogy between French and American movements- promoted by Pierre Restany. Others suggested Anti-Sensibility Painting but people discredited this name because it "jumped the gun-; The majority of people thought that ... get away from, it made them fascinating. The main goal of photo-realism was to destroy completely what was once abstract or expressionist art. By doing this, there was the possibility of turning art a completely new direction "towards a non-abstractionist future. The Op (Optical) Art ... wh...

• Word Count: 3470
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography

... into the World Trade Center in New York City. The juxtaposition was unsettling, to say the least. It was in one moment where I was captivated by the sheer mechanical genius behind the concept of an airplane, and it was within the next moment where I saw these machines being used as instruments of ... grown so close to started to become smaller and smaller as we leaped into the sky. Eventually, it vanished from my point of view and was replaced by an unfathomable amount of intricate streets, rivers, trails, pastures, and neighborhoods. If my eyes were sharp that day, I could make out smal...

• Word Count: 3686
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... crimes did not decline, the connection between both the community and the police had become a positive one. The 1982 article "Broken Windows Theory, the police and neighborhood safety ", by James Q Wilson quoted the published evaluation from the police foundation in Washington D.C. He mentions, "Foot patrol had not reduced crime rates. But residents of the foot patrolled neighborhoods ... the Operation Crossroads mentioned in the book Fixing Broken Windows (1996), chapter 4 "Taking Back The Subway: A Burgeoning Demand For Improving The Quality of Life Public and Private Initiatives ", by...

• Word Count: 3152
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography

... problem which many view was a prime cause in the growth of police abuse. Reports have shown that the large majority of corrupt acts by police involve payoffs from both the perpetrators and the "victims" of victimless crimes. The Knapp commission in the New York found that although corruption ... Newsweek,Oct 21,1992:p.18) For cops as for anyone else, money works age for crooked police. Gambling syndicates in the 1950s were protected by a payoff system more elaborate than the Internal Revenue Service. Pervasive corruption may have lessened in recent years, as many experts believe, but ind...

• Word Count: 3118
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

... being consumed. In the 1870's the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) promoted the use of public education for the cause of temperance. They were very successful with that. By 1902 every state and territory except for Arizona had a law requiring temperance instruction in public schools. They argued that immigrants were inferior to the Americans because they allow their children ... "big business" in the food manufacturing, processing and distribution industries. This also allowed some enterprising brewers to build very large firms capable of large production volumes and wide distri...

• Word Count: 3601
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... being consumed. In the 1870's the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) promoted the use of public education for the cause of temperance. They were very successful with that. By 1902 every state and territory except for Arizona had a law requiring temperance instruction in public schools. They argued that immigrants were inferior to the Americans because they allow their children ... "big business" in the food manufacturing, processing and distribution industries. This also allowed some enterprising brewers to build very large firms capable of large production volumes and wide distri...

• Word Count: 3601
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... being consumed. In the 1870's the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) promoted the use of public education for the cause of temperance. They were very successful with that. By 1902 every state and territory except for Arizona had a law requiring temperance instruction in public schools. They argued that immigrants were inferior to the Americans because they allow their children ... "big business" in the food manufacturing, processing and distribution industries. This also allowed some enterprising brewers to build very large firms capable of large production volumes and wide distri...

• Word Count: 3604
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School