The most important milestone legislative act leading to the development of the merit system principles was the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978. ... Passed in 1883, this Act established procedures to assure that selections for certain Federal jobs would be open, competitive, and free of political coercion. ... It was not until 1970, though, that the Intergovernmental Personnel Act required States receiving Federal funds to follow six merit principles. ... To correct these shortcomings, the CSC was replaced by the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) and the Merit System Protection Board (MSPB...

• Word Count: 2428
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) commonly known as "The Affordable Care Act" (ACA) or "Obama Care," is a United States federal statute signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010. ... This in fact, nestled within the individual mandate in the Act, the portion requiring every American to purchase government – approved insurance or pay a penalty, is an abortion premium mandate. ... Jody Ward, a pro-life activist, expressed disappointment in the court's ruling on the Affordable Care Act including the requirement that Americans buy health insurance ...

• Word Count: 1443
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Another piece of legislation that was passed during this stage of constitutional development called the Federalist Stage was the Judiciary Act of 1787. ... The Bill of Rights are the first 10 amendments that were originally created as a compromise between the federalists and anti-federalist, as the anti-federalist strongly believed that US citizens needed protection from the central government and that these protections should be neatly and specifically spelled out in the Constitution. ... After the Union was officially victorious in the war in 1865, President Lincoln made it his first order...

• Word Count: 1435
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Both USA PATRIOT Act and the Homeland security act were direct responses to the atrocities that happened that dreadful day on September 11, 2001. ... In the USA PATRIOT Act, the military industrial complex benefits fiscally from the act, for providing the U.S. government with the tools to fight terrorism. ... Unfortunately both the Patriot Act and the Homeland Security Act by way of linguistics arbitrarily negates the American constitution. ... Other surreptitious motives are being implemented against the American people and it's not for our protection. ... Protection of civil liberties...

• Word Count: 1630
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Neither level of government may pass a bill or law declaring an act illegal without a judicial trial. ... New York, the Court ruled that the protections of the 1st Amendment apply against actions by state governments. ... U.S., the Court struck down the provision of the federal Brady Act, which required states to check the background of handgun buyers. ... Condon approved a federal law that prevented states from selling databases of personal information (the Driver's Privacy Protection Act) on the grounds that this is proper federal regulation of interstate commerce. ... Hibbs, the Court...

• Word Count: 1442
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography

The act of rape or incest is the major emotional physical trauma to the young girl or woman. ... The House of Representatives pass a bill requiring doctors to give babies born during botched abortions the same care and protections as other babies. The Born-Alive Infant Protection Act, which was sponsored by Republican Charles T. ... This is a simple but critical bill designed to ensure that all infants who have been born alive are treated as persons who are entitled to the protections of federal law. ...

• Word Count: 1303
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection is the last main division in the Department. ... "Immediately after last fall's attack, I used my legal authority to establish the White House Office of Homeland Security and the Homeland Security Council to help ensure that our Federal response and protection efforts were coordinated and effective (Bush)."" ... Governor Ridge will coordinate all federal government terrorist prevention and protection activities within the U.S., and will work with state and local governments on, among other things: Detection, Preparedness, Prevention, Pro...

• Word Count: 2338
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In 1964 after this term was coined, Title VI of the Civil Rights Act increased the authority of affirmative action agents to institute quotas and preferential hiring to increase representation of minorities and to ameliorate discrimination. ... Although affirmative action in the Civil Rights Act outlawed discrimination within minority groups involving employment, it did not cover educational institutions. Consequently, the Equal Employment Act of 1972 forced colleges and universities to admit members of minorities in greater numbers, especially in professional and graduate schools. ... Yet the...

• Word Count: 1414
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Further more he will work to expand equal rights to same-sex couples and ban workplace discrimination based on sexual orientation, strengthen federal protections against anti-gay violence, give federal employees the right to name same-sex partners as beneficiaries, remove bias from our immigration laws, and end the military's "Don't Ask, Don't Tell- policy. Another goal Dean will work on, is to ensure that racial profiling ends and I will direct my Attorney General to use regulatory authority under existing anti-discrimination laws the 1964 Civil Rights Act to define racial prof...

• Word Count: 1659
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

He spoke against proposals to raise the tariff rate; he opposed measures that encouraged army officers to give aid and protection to fugitive slaves; he spoke against the bills to abolish slavery.# Vallandigham believed that these measures would prevent the restoration of the Union. ... He had supported the Legal Tender Act of 1862 and the National Banking Act of 1863, but he opposed Secretary of the Treasury Hugh McCulloch's plan to retire the greenbacks in circulation and pushed a compromise plan for resuming specie payment.# John Sherman was responsible for the Sherman Anti-Trust Act i...

• Word Count: 1748
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

Reagan "used conservative rhetoric to keep his right-wing supporters happy, but he often acted in a pragmatic manner" (p. 75). ... The United States relied on the doctrine of mutual assured destruction (MAD) for protection from Soviet nuclear attack. ... Reagan envisioned placing a defensive umbrella over the United States that would ensure protection from nuclear destruction, 5 and announced his proposal for the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). ...

• Word Count: 1676
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

Firstly, the individual must be protected by the state from violence whether official or unofficial, least people "take the law into their own hands".( Lecture note 4, stream A section 4.2.1) The New Zealand Bill of Right Act 1990 is a kind of law following the rule of law to protect people from the violence. ... In contrast, although New Zealand was independent, they still seek the protection from the British, they entreated British to continue to be the parent of their infant state, therefore New Zealand derive the law system -Wistminster system of government form British. ... Attorney-Ge...

• Word Count: 1652
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

In almost all American states the voters directly choose the nominees of their party in a primary election. The American president is chosen in a national convention, but in about two-thirds of the states the voters directly choose convention delegates committee to a particular presidential candida...

• Word Count: 1299
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

Abraham Lincoln and Equal Rights With America struggling in a state of Civil War, the nation's very core was being shaken. Abraham Lincoln, who was president during this period, realized this, and delivered one of his most historically renowned speeches, "The Gettysburg Address". This speech ad...

• Word Count: 1438
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Shortly after Jackson was inaugurated in 1829 Congress passed a Pre-emption Act which granted settlers the right to purchase at $1.25 per acre 160 acres of public land which they have cultivated for at least 12 months. ... Mexican President Santa Anna proclaimed himself dictator and attempted to disarm the Americans in Tejas, sending troops to reclaim a cannon that had been given to the settlers for protection against Indian attacks. ...

• Word Count: 1412
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Stated from his speech, "Small wonder that confidence languishes, for it thrives only on honesty, on honor, on the sacredness of obligations, on faithful protection, on unselfish performance; without them it cannot live.... The emotion of fear can cause people to behave badly, not act out their plans, and even prevent them from being able to solve a problem. ...

• Word Count: 1430
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

We will act with others when we can, but alone when we must- (Preface, page ii). ... Like the Clinton's foreign policy, the Bush's foreign policy also portrays the protection of American interests and the elimination of threats to those interests its priority. ...

• Word Count: 1475
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Charles Grassley strongly supports the restoration and protection of state authority and flexibility in establishing and defining challenging student academic standards and assessments. ... Lindsay Graham also joins the fight against Common Core and even sighed the same resolution as Charles Grassley in the resolution to denounce the Obama Administration from bribing states to sign the Common Core Act with grants and waivers. ...

• Word Count: 1414
• Approx Pages: 6

Thomas Jefferson knew that if he did not act quickly, Napoleon would take the deal off the table and France would become a military threat to the United States. ... President Obama proposed national health care legislation in order to end the worst abuses of the insurance industry, with strong consumer protections. ...

• Word Count: 2314
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The First Amendment – indeed the entire Bill of Rights – was not included in the Constitution when it was written in 1787. However, the issue of a listing of rights that could not be infringed upon by the new, stronger national government became a key in the ratification debates. Those supporting the Constitution argued that many state constitutions already protected individual rights and that the failure to list the rights did not mean that they did not exist as natural rights, beyond government authority. Opponents, called the Anti- Federalists, disagreed. Remembering their ex...

• Word Count: 2226
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate