... in 1921, and Svetlana born 1926, were the children of Nadezhda Alliluyeva. Stalin had also adopted a son of his revolutionary comrade after his death; the boy's name was Artem Sergeev. Sergeev was named after his father's revolutionary nickname Artem. He was raised and treated in Stalin's household ... refused. It has been assumed that Yakov died in the German prison camps. Vasiliy and Svetlana both barely saw their father after the death of their mother. They were mostly raised by nannies and Stalin's personal security. Soldiers and officers who drank and smoked constantly surrounded V...

• Word Count: 3016
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... and although he quickly began to increase his personal power, no one realized how dangerous he was at this time. As he neared a 1924 death, Lenin began to grow wary of his former protégé, and wrote a Testament warning against Stalin's influence. But the other members of ... the world discover that these confessions were elicited after long months of psychological torture and physical abuse. All of the confessors were sentenced to death. The following year, another group of old Bolsheviks were subjected to the same treatment. (It is important to note that Stalin stood directly ... cho...

• Word Count: 5151
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... is true what then is the role of the pure Aryan German were they to "lord it over Slavic helots, manning estates of thousands of serfs" (Mazower 1998 163) Special Death's Head regiments carried out executions of Jewish elders, burned synagogues and looted Jewish property. The deportation programme did not usually discriminate between Poles and Jews the German treatment of Jewish ... Operation Barbarossa underway the war became a war of annihilation against the "Judaeo-Bolshevik" foe. As the German front marched eastwards it was followed by motorized death squads in search of Jews, Parti...

• Word Count: 1465
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... effectively, and for the first few years after Russia was collectivized, food production fell dramatically. Famine swept Russia, and many people starved to death. Stalin also killed nearly all of the elite members of his political party from 1934 to 1938 (Stalin Man 1653). After 1930, Stalin completely ... and Stalin died in 1953 (Modern). Stalin left a great mark on Russia. His idea of single party supremacy lasted a long time after his death, and the effects of his reforms are still evident in Russia today. Stalin did improve Russia's industrial system, but he had a negative effect on...

• Word Count: 1682
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... effectively, and for the first few years after Russia was collectivized, food production fell dramatically. Famine swept Russia, and many people starved to death. Stalin also killed nearly all of the elite members of his political party from 1934 to 1938 (Stalin Man 1653). After 1930, Stalin completely ... and Stalin died in 1953 (Modern). Stalin left a great mark on Russia. His idea of single party supremacy lasted a long time after his death, and the effects of his reforms are still evident in Russia today. Stalin did improve Russia's industrial system, but he had a negative effect on...

• Word Count: 1682
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... party apparatus, becoming in April 1922 general secretay of the ruling Communist Party, a post which he subsequently built up into the most powerful in the country. After Lenin's death in January 1924, Kamenev and Zinoviev governed the party. During this period, Stalin advanced the policy of building socialism in one country, in contrast to Trotsky's theory of ... basic medical services. Campaigns were carried out against malaria, typhus and cholera. Moreover, the number of doctors was increased as rapidly as facilities and training would permit; and death and infant mortality rates stea...

• Word Count: 1356
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... but didn't even want to be "tsar-like." On Oct 20th 1894, Nicholas" happy childhood and budding love affair were brought to a halt with the death of his father. He would not again feel peace until he had at last been happily forced to abdicate on March 2nd 1917. He went into reign kicking ... and screaming and left it very resigned and poised. Nicholas became more enamored with the love for a woman than for want of rule. Before his father's death Nicholas fell in love with a Jewess princess. When denied marriage by his father, he did not fight, but merely waited. The love of this woman wo...

• Word Count: 1802
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... Opposition. Lenin was the stabilizer between the two groups. He hoped there could be collective rule in order to prevent a split within the Party. Lenin's death seemed to be the starting point of the rise of factionalism within the party. Lenin had doubts about both Right and Left. At the end of 1922 ... on the long train journey to the Caucasus and on the evening of 21 January, at the station in Tiflis, he found out about Lenin's death. He telegraphed to the Kremlin asking when is the funeral. Stalin replied that the funeral will take place on the 26th so Trotsky could not have ... Zi...

• Word Count: 1922
• Approx Pages: 8

... and her home country went through in the nineteenth and twentieth century. In her compelling prints and sculptures Kathe Kollwitz mainly explored the themes of suffering and death, (www.artandculture.com) which appears to be a very close and personal subjects that she shared with the world. She was a very unique artist ... hardships of the society she lived in, the hardships she went through in her personal life, and War. In all of these themes the presence of death, sickness, injustice, pain, and the struggles of women were found throughout. Kathe Schmidt was born the daughter of a well...

• Word Count: 943
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... where loyal to him and had the same views and fire the people who he didn't like. This would help him take partial control of the country after Lenin's death. Right before Lenin's death in 1924 Lenin wrote a political testament, publicly asking for Stalin's removal from his post of Secretary General. Usually a statement like this from such a respected leader would ruin a person ... . He blamed Yezhov for getting carried away. Stalin has cleared his name once again, and regained the trust of the Soviet people. Things didn't end there, they continued to Stalin's death, but after 1938 thing...

• Word Count: 1904
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... was neither extreme left nor right wing, and could therefore cover both sides of the party, gaining him a wide-based group of supporters. After Lenin's death in January 1924, the main struggle for power began amongst the seven man Politburo. This consisted of Stalin, Trotsky, Zinoviev, Bukharin, Kamenev, Tomsky and ... by Stalin, Zinoviev and Kamenev forming a "troika- against him. There were many influences on the power for struggle that largely started after Lenin's death, although it had been in existence whilst he was still alive. It appears that during his life Lenin had purposefully...

• Word Count: 3761
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

... overall most succeeded. A long term consequence of the abdication of the Tsar was that Joseph Stalin came to be the head of government. This followed the death of Vladimir Lenin on January 21th, 1924. After his death there was a struggle for power between Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky. Stalin proved himself to be a more capable politician and won. Stalin had an obsession ... millions of soldiers died on both German and Russian sides. Although Stalin improved Russia's economy and increased the amount of workers and production, his brutal way of leading meant the death of millions of Rus...

• Word Count: 2288
• Approx Pages: 9

... in the children's home as well as her eventual separation from Gleb. As a result of Dasha's sacrificed love for the Soviet cause in place of her daughter, Nurka dies. The death of Nurka is painful for Dasha, but recognized as a necessary adversity. Nurka is a child who was originally born into love but who is incapable of understanding how to survive and ... develop into the New Soviet citizen under new conditions. The tragedy lies not only in Nurka's death, but also in Dasha's conscious knowledge of Nurka's suffering due to a lack of motherly love. As previously mentioned, Gladkov stro...

• Word Count: 3036
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in love her because she admired and supported the same ideals as him which were the communist ideals of Lenin. The next day, the married and had a son. After the death of his wife in 1989, he attends her grave each day to read aloud to her Lenin`s writing and also to give him a reason to be and go on with ... a shift stick instead of an automatic transmission and that the parents of a friend of his is getting divorce. As he mentions the divorce, the grandfather reminds the grandson about the death date of his parents. The story then shifts back to a flashback of the grandson talking abo...

• Word Count: 1782
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... party in Russia around the early 1900s. The goal of the Bolshevik party was to overthrow the Provisional Government after Czar Nicholas II was dethroned and create a proletariat government. The death of over 11 million Russian Citizens caused by the Czar not pulling troops out of WWI due to them not being prepared set the stage for a revolution to spark. With ... , citizens speaking of revolution, and anyone deemed unfit in the governments eyes would disappear, being either executed or sent to work camps. This power in Russia goes until Stalins untimely death in the 1950s. Of the 1,966 d...

• Word Count: 998
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... his father died at age 55, Aleksandr, who by then was studying biology at the University in St. Petersburg, the Russian capital, bacame the head of the family. His father's death wasn't the only trouble in their family. Fourteen month later tragedy struck again. In March of 1887 the police in St. Petersburg discovered that a group of dissident students were plotting ... was exiled to Kokushkino an estate that Maria Aleksandrova (Aleksandr's daughter) had inherited from her father, and placed under police surveillance. Vladimir's inexpressive reaction to the news of his brother's death s...

• Word Count: 2174
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

... the studios she had founded. Her work as a Russian Revolutionary avant-garde member to this day has not gone unnoticed. As significant as Rozanova was to the avant-garde her death marks a time when Suprematism began to fade and the radical roar of Constructivism began to arise. It was here, in 1921 that the initial tribulations towards a down fall in the ... art. His main concern was to demonstrate the ideas of Constructivism and justify it as a contemporary art under the form of Marxism and the Soviet governments ideology. However, after Lenin's death in 1924, art in the eyes of the So...

• Word Count: 4641
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Tsar's, were autocratic and cruel. He was determined to make the Russian Empire into a Communist State and a great world power. There were two problems for Stalin to solve after Lenin's death; the peasants were not producing enough food to feed the Soviet Union to enable investment in industry, which was not growing fast enough. Lenin had achieved power by force rather ... power by giving top jobs to his own followers and friends. Stalin's own secretary caught him eavesdropping the conversations of his own colleagues on the Kremlin telephone network. Before his death, in 1922 he had wri...

• Word Count: 1872
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... Russia, though had Stalin not been a member of the Bolshevik central committee, had Russia not been in economic depression, had it not been for World War I, or Lenin's illness and death, Stalin would not have been successful. He was underestimated by his opposition, who were not united against him and he had the support of the working class of Russia, all ... great friends. However, Lenin saw that Stalin was not the best thing for Russia and, in late 1922, wrote his last testament, to be read on the event of his death. Lenin suffered three more strokes and passed away on Jan 21, 1924. T...

• Word Count: 914
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... communists then targeted the Russian Orthodox Church. They seized most religious properties and turned them into offices and museums. Priests and other religious leaders were all killed or tortured to death in prison camps. Stalin was a ruthless man. His dictatorship led to many violations of human rights. Lenin had started the slave labor camp, but Stalin expanded it literally by a lot ... . After Stalin took charge, the death rate was extraordinary. Stalin knew that his policies would cause starvation, but he did nothing about it. Instead, he turned it into a political weapon by delibe...

• Word Count: 871
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... the USSR. Stalin abused the little power he had to start with in order to remove possible enemies and introduce support for himself. In 1924, at the time of Lenin's death, Stalin was the mere General Secretary of the Communist Party. At the time this seemed a position of little authority, but Stalin made the most of his situation, despite being scornfully ... positioning many people throughout the party, no matter how young or inexperienced, for the sole purpose of supporting him. An excellent example of his cruelty was in 1924, regarding the death of Lenin. Lenin was a popular leader, ...

• Word Count: 1638
• Approx Pages: 7

... a disorderly yet democratic system into a 'dictatorship of the Communist Party. Against Marxist ideologies, the Bolsheviks employed terrorist tactics, which consisted of the abolishment of soldiers' committees, the reestablishment of the death penalty and conscription, the reinstatement of social hierarchy and the reinstatement of Tsarists officers as 'military specialists', which anti-Communist historian Richard Pipes argues "exceeded in savagery anything known in ... antagonisms; the proletariat resented them due to their conspicuous consumption and desires to "get-rich-quickly....

• Word Count: 1089
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Graduate

... Ceausescu was overthrown by popular protest and force of arms in December 1989. Soon, the Communist parties of Bulgaria and Albania also ceded power. The revolutions of 1989 marked the death knell of communism in Europe. As a result, not only was Germany reunified in 1990, but soon, revolution spread to the Soviet Union itself. After surviving a hard line coup attempt in ... unlikely for rebellion to rise up spontaneously. Mancur Olsen discusses this and describes it in economic terms. He says that the possible cost to an individual who rebels and fails (death) is always greater than th...

• Word Count: 2359
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... oscillations were completely out of character for the immovable dictator, the changes in Jewish administration were not the only exceptions in his etiology that Stalin made from WWII to his death. The effects of Stalin's inconstancies were inevitably destructive to his legitimacy and authority. What compelled a fanatically unyielding and calculating dictator to alter his policy -- self-preservation, miscalculation, composite guilt, or ... extermination" to ensure the authority of the temporary dictatorship. As a self-willed Lenin disciple, Stalin became a member of the Politburo, the in...

• Word Count: 1533
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... oscillations were completely out of character for the immovable dictator, the changes in Jewish administration were not the only exceptions in his etiology that Stalin made from WWII to his death. The effects of Stalin's inconstancies were inevitably destructive to his legitimacy and authority. What compelled a fanatically unyielding and calculating dictator to alter his policy -- self-preservation, miscalculation, composite guilt, or ... extermination" to ensure the authority of the temporary dictatorship. As a self-willed Lenin disciple, Stalin became a member of the Politburo, the in...

• Word Count: 1534
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate