... days notice when practical (such as for a birth). Research We decided to do our research on the company Mity-Lite Inc. The company is located in Orem and employs 250 people. This research has given us an insight to the company in regards to gender discrimination. On the surface there is no apparent discrimination against women at Mity-Lite Inc. We decided to focus in ... on the sales/marketing department which two of the members of the team work on. There are seven managers in the department and two of the managers are women for a percentage of 28.5%. There ... . As an employer or manag...

• Word Count: 1242
• Approx Pages: 5

... in its original intent; however, the enforcement of this law has terribly perverted its spirit. In order to enforce this law, certain civil action groups have persuaded law makers to adopt a test for discrimination based on proportionality rather than opportunity and interest. This presents a problem: that proportionality is a gender quota system that discriminates against men ... rather than promoting opportunity for woman; and should not be used to enforce Title IX. Instead, equity of opportunity should be based on the interests of the students. What is proportionality? "Proportionali...

• Word Count: 1259
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Brothers and Big Sisters charity. Ms. Hopwood was also a single mother to a child who was born with the birth defect Cerebral Palsy. Her grades were also outstanding. She boasted a 3.8 grade point average and a high Law School Aptitude Test score. The only thing going against Cheryl Hopwood was that she was white. She was denied admission. Four minorities, including one black and three Mexican ... whites with equally scores were admitted. UCLA School of Medicine accepted twenty-seven blacks while admitting no whites or Asians with GPA's of 3.24 or below and Medical College Admissions Te...

• Word Count: 2502
• Approx Pages: 10

... you will need to know some basic history of Title IX. In 1972 Title IX was passed to end the discrimination against women in educational institutions. Then in 1979 the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare issued a policy interpretation, which created a three-prong test to measure compliance with Title IX. In her article for Penthouse, Jan Golab does a nice job of ... describing these three prongs: (1) "substantial proportionality," which requires that an educational institution have approximately the same percentage of female athletes as its percentage of female undergraduates; (...

• Word Count: 1405
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography

... minorities. In July of 1995 there was a decision made by the Board of Regents of the University of California to end race and gender-based preferences in admissions (240). Five months later, Proposition 209 was passed which is a state constitutional amendment that brought the exclusion of the use of race and gender-based decision-making in public institutions (240). These laws caused a ... debate over affirmative action, which leads us to the question: Should the UC's race-based affirmative action admissions policies be reinstated? The response I have for this ongoing debate is that I t...

• Word Count: 1800
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... diversity among students, faculty and administrators on most campuses; many universities, under pressure to respond to the concerns of those who are the objects of hate have adopted codes or policies prohibiting speech that offends any group based on race gender, ethnicity, religion or sexual orientation. That's the wrong response, well-meaning or not. There are some advocates who support restrictions on unfavorable speech ... arguments if they are not exposed to them or allowed to expose their opinion on them? The First Amendment to the United States Constitution protects speech no mat...

• Word Count: 822
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... hiring and employment practices were free of racial bias [Hud99]. Two more executive orders in 1965 and 1968 prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin, and gender, giving the federal government the power to enforce this prohibition [Hud99]. However, in current times, affirmative action programs have suffered major setbacks. Affirmative action in education has been abolished in Texas by court ... , high school, and college levels that they too can pursue scientific fields. Affirmative action programs encouraging gender equality in academia must be improved....

• Word Count: 1760
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , but in actuality if it was not for it these people would have nothing. Julie A. Mertus supports the need for opportunities given to women in the work force. In the work force today many women are overlooked and pushed aside because of their gender. Many of the big wigs in businesses today feel that a woman is! inferior to a man's intelligence of work skill trades. A woman ... do almost anything to have a chance for their dreams to become a reality, but because of their race or gender this is an unachievable task. Affirmative action allows the task to happen. It does not give them the d...

• Word Count: 4281
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... also applied to affirmative action programs mandated by Congress as well as those undertaken by government agencies 1995: On July 20, 1995, the University of California Regents voted to remove consideration of race, ethnicity, religion, gender, color or national origin in admissions, contracting and hiring. 1995: In August of 1995 Governor Wilson filed suit against many state agencies ... , both potential and real, which are inherent in affirmative action. Reagan wanted to reform affirmative action to give all qualified individuals the opportunity to be fairly considered for employment, ...

• Word Count: 2248
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a protected minority group. This was important to the city because of the large protected population of protected minority groups (nearly 60% of the population are either African American or Hispanic) that live in the city. Unfortunately the city of New Haven was not pleased with the results of the test and failed to certify the results. The result of this decision would result in a ... diverse workforce but it is also necessary to retain and promote a diverse workforce. As stated in the text Multicultural Law Enforcement Strategies for Peacekeeping in a Diverse Society, fifth edition: R...

• Word Count: 2855
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... formally. Fairness, it assumes, requires treating everyone the same allowing everyone to enter the competition for a position, and evaluating each person's results the same way. If everyone takes the same test, and every applicants test is evaluated in the same manner, then the assessment is fair. So affirmative action is unfair because it takes race and gender into account; and thus evaluates some test results differently. A racial premise of this ... fairness challenge to affirmative action is the assumption that tests afford opportunity to demonstrate ... ...

• Word Count: 1259
• Approx Pages: 5

... a poor predictor of one's interests, proficiency in academic subjects, or athletic ability. Interest and ability evolve as a function of opportunity and experience. Decision making in schools and in the labor market that relies on gender to assess what students and employees know and are able to do is both archaic and ineffective. Today's female student -athletes have been fortunate enough to experience ... in high school or college. Currently the Bush administration has created a blue-ribbon panel to reevaluate the landmark federal law. Officials said the creation of the Commission on ...

• Word Count: 3417
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography

... (Bundy 9-15-2000). Alan Bakke, a white man turned down for admission to the Medical School at The University of California, claimed his rights were violated when he did not receive an opening even though his grades and test scores were higher than the minorities (9-15-2000). "The Justice Department contended that applying such standards constituted reverse discrimination against white males" (Ashmore ... 311). Affirmative action should not admit a minority based on color or gender but rather on test standards. "Although rarely acknowledged, it was no less insulting to ... be forced to a...

• Word Count: 1121
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to their very unique space limitations, equipment density, and design constraints in an extended mission environment, in United States Submarines can not provide the necessary privacy to properly accommodate mixed gender crews. Due to this "ruling" the house passed a bill ordering the military to revert back to sex separate recruit training. This bill however, was rejected due to it being discriminatory (online). Another article ... approval onto United Stated submarines (online). Due to all of this bickering, the United States war department, after much disagreement, sent a female sail...

• Word Count: 1191
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... 1978 ruled numerical goals and quotas regarding ethnicity and gender illegal . In 1995 the Congressional Research Service turned up 160 laws and regulations one third of which are still enforced laws setting numerical goals and quotas. In 1994 the Los Angeles Fire Department refused five thousand white men from taking their qualifying test because the department had not yet met its minority and ... gender hiring goals . If a house or a building is on fire, the firefighters" gender or ethnic background should not play a role in comparison with their ability to ... save people's lives. T...

• Word Count: 1269
• Approx Pages: 5

... employer or it's representatives adversely single out employees or applicants on the basis of age, race, gender, sexual orientation, disability, religion, and a variety of other reasons ("What is Employment Discrimination?" n.pag.). Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 makes it illegal to discriminate against individuals on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, or ... admissions tests discriminate against Latinos and Blacks ("Black Issues in Higher Education" n.pag.). The complaint, which was also filed by the group Fair Test, charges that Black & Hispanic stud...

• Word Count: 1785
• Approx Pages: 7

... guiding principle of diversity is, " any effort taken to fully integrate our society by expanding educational, employment, and contracting opportunities to the multitude of gender, ethnic, national origin, and handicapped-condition groups that have been and remain locked out of full economic, social, and/or ... refused to believe that minorities and women could have a voice in this nation. This practice of "turning the other cheek" was put to the test during the civil rights movement of the 1950's and 60's. Charismatic leaders such as Martin Luther King, Jr., Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X, ....

• Word Count: 3796
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . This policy would also create programs or some type of training to help minorities and women improve their competitive status in the workforce. Once implemented businesses and schools were to select students or employers strictly on qualifications not race or gender. At first this sounded like a very good plan but as time passed affirmative action almost became an unfair advantage for minorities ... their qualifications. An example of affirmative action used unfairly was in the case of a young man named Bakke. Mr. Bakke couldn't get into medical school because there were only 16 seats ...

• Word Count: 915
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography

... prospect for admission to higher education, entry-level hiring, and job promotion. The prohibiting experienced by women and people of a different color, race, and originality is especially revealing of larger patterns. The race and gender based prohibiting that is the object of current affirmative action policies remain the most noticeable examples of prejudice in apparently impartial selection processes. Offensive in themselves ... can be interpreted in a variety of ways: for an example, as a matter of desert (because they were next inline, based on established criteria of selection, t...

• Word Count: 354
• Approx Pages: 1
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... who either get jobs or are accepted to schools. To know the only reason you were accepted was because of your race or gender can damage anyone's mind state. Known as "stereotype threat" which is "how racial and gender stereotypes, floating and abstract though they might seem, can affect concrete things, like grades, test scores, and academic identity" (Steele 211). This is just another ... disadvantage put onto minorities through affirmative action which makes it even harder for them to become successful. The most apparent and disturbing flaw in affirmative action is how ... harder or ...

• Word Count: 1483
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... which we continue institutional racism. Race, gender, religion, ethnicity, sexual preference, socio-economic status, standardized test scores, lineage and disability. These characteristics, nor any other, individually or collectively, should ever solely determine the decision of employment, membership, or educational growth. However, each of the characteristics of persona should be taken into consideration in determining the most qualified candidates for employment, membership ... country there have been millions of unjust incidences of discrimination, wrong doings and even cases of murd...

• Word Count: 1145
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... less likely to assume that he or she was hired solely on race or gender(1998). By making this information available within the organization, it would help remove the pressures from the employee and co-worker regarding the hiring practices. This could further help the organization in the area of productivity, public relations within the community, and morale. By increasing morale, you maybe able to retain more ... fact, white men fell second to white women being hired (Brune). The program in question is Washington State's plus three program, according to Tom Brune of the Seattle Times, al...

• Word Count: 2762
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... less likely to assume that he or she was hired solely on race or gender"(1998). By making this information available within the organization, it would help remove the pressures from the employee and co-worker regarding the hiring practices. This could further help the organization in the area of productivity, public relations within the community, and morale. By increasing morale, you maybe able to retain more ... fact, white men fell second to white women being hired (Brune). The program in question is Washington State's "plus three" program, according to Tom Brune of the Seattle Times,...

• Word Count: 2762
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... less likely to assume that he or she was hired solely on race or gender"(1998). By making this information available within the organization, it would help remove the pressures from the employee and co-worker regarding the hiring practices. This could further help the organization in the area of productivity, public relations within the community, and morale. By increasing morale, you maybe able to retain more ... fact, white men fell second to white women being hired (Brune). The program in question is Washington State's "plus three" program, according to Tom Brune of the Seattle Times,...

• Word Count: 2762
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... programs have been defined by ethnicity, gender, and even sexual orientation. Populary called affirmative action, in reality, it is an unfair racist quota system. In 1964, during the senate debate on the proposed civil rights act of that year, the bills floor manager, Hubert Humphrey, "assured the Senate that nothing in (Title VII of) the bill would permit any official or courtto ... supposedly been held down by official policy has turned into a program of racial, ethnic and gender favortism. Since competitive employment is a zero-sum game, the requirement to to employ a member of a favo...

• Word Count: 912
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate