... of many readers and became elitist. Indeed, it is true that readers need a background awareness of psychology, anthropology, history and aesthetics to master some of the literature of the early years of Modernism: T.S. Eliot even furnished footnotes to help the reader with his The Waste Land ... poetic quest for a meaning to life amidst images of a contemporary world which fail to form a coherent whole. A number of these poets were called the Auden Group because they developed a style and viewpoint similar to W.H. Auden. The most important members of this group were Louis MacNeice, C. D...

• Word Count: 10566
• Approx Pages: 42

... Executive Order 9066 was signed by Franklin Roosevelt in February of 1942. The order was activated after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. The order called for 110,000 Japanese Americans to be relocated into internment camps throughout the U.S. Prior to being sent to actual camps, Japanese Americans were forced ... was eager to regain her normal childhood prior to the war. Her father reunited with the family and they headed back to Southern California. It did not take long for Jeanne and other Japanese Americans to realize that society was not willing to let them back into everyday lif...

• Word Count: 3609
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: High School

... threat of communist expansion was a serious danger to the Western world that must be destroyed. When the NSC-68 report was released in 1950, it argued that the "United States could no longer rely on other nations to take the initiative in resisting communism."" Ideas such as these would ... man by the name of J. Peters and told him of the thirteen known spies (8 of which were serving officials). In 1948, when Chambers was called before the HUAC, he told the committee "Hiss had passed classified State Department documents to him in 1937 and 1938."" He attempted to sue Chambers for ... o...

• Word Count: 2810
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Indonesia's oil revenues were placed under the direction of Habibie, in order to develop heavy industry such as aeronautics. The oil revenues made it possible to have a local capital market. The Indonesian stock market became one of the so-called 'emerging markets'. Foreign dollars flowed in freely, not for productive projects, but to inflate the share prices. A pre-condition for foreign ... under pressure from within as well as abroad, after being forced to sign away Indonesia's sovereignty to the IMF. He was replaced by Habibie in May 1998. General elections were called for. The fore...

• Word Count: 3054
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... also died in the war or are missing in action. Australia lost almost 500 of the 47,000 troops they had deployed to Vietnam and New Zealand lost 38 soldiers. It is also difficult to say exactly what counts as a "Vietnam War casualty"; people are still being killed today by unexploded ordinance. Environmental effects from chemical agents and the colossal ... election campaign in such a way that, although clean at first sight, the vote was actually tainted. U.S. president Ronald Reagan shared the opposition's criticisms and further intensified U.S. support for the so-called "Contra" rebel...

• Word Count: 3901
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: High School

... . The Versailles Treaty of 1919 is the most famous of the treaties because it was the chief one ending World War I. The Big Four negotiating it were President WIlson, Premier Clemenceau, Prime Minister Llyod George, and Premier Oralndo. The treaty called for the creation of the League of Nations. It forced on Germany the burden of reperations and placed limits on German armed forces ... . It restored Alsace and Lorraine to France, gave Prussian Poland and most of West Prussia to Poland, made Danzig a free city, put Germany's colonies under the ... League of Nations, placed the Saar under...

• Word Count: 2611
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Pacific were fighting in the war to defend their countries against the aggressive powers. The aggressive powers were called The Axis; they included Italy, Germany and Japan. Those countries formed an alliance because of their similarities: they were all ruled under a totalitarian government ... very remote relation."" That was the beginning of what we call isolationism. America lived by that precedent until World War I when the US felt it was legitimate to mediate the situation in Europe. After World War I, the United States went back to their old...

• Word Count: 2883
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... the tuition. Seminary and Marxism The Tiflis Theological Seminary was a religious institution but did not limit its instruction to religious teachings. It was Georgia's principle center of higher learning and drew manny upper-class students from all across the region. This set the scene for ... As the bourgeois became more wealthy the working class would grow ever more impoverished leading to a revolution and the establishment of what is called the Dictatorship of the Proletariat. In this utopian setting, all class distinctions would be abolished as would national governments and religio...

• Word Count: 2506
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... became the two dominant world powers, beginning a 40+ year "Cold War." Eventually with the breakup of the Soviet Union and the attempt to make it a democracy, the Cold War ended. This all happened when the Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, stepped down as the Soviet leader. Thus in 1991, the ... caused more tension between the two superpowers, the United States and The Soviet Union. -3- The United States and President Truman decided to adopt a policy called containment, an effort to block the Soviets attempts to spread their influence by creating alliances and supporting weaker countrie...

• Word Count: 3726
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

... based on "Five Year Plans". Stalin's First Five Year Plan, adopted by the party in 1928, called for rapid industrialization of the economy, with an emphasis on heavy industry. It set goals that were unrealistic; a 250 percent increase in overall industrial development and a 330 percent expansion in ... . With the greatest share of investment put into heavy industry, widespread shortages of consumer goods occurred. The First Five-Year Plan also called for transforming Soviet agriculture from predominantly individual farms into a system of large state collective farms. The Communist regime...

• Word Count: 7507
• Approx Pages: 30
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... characters to promote such interests. The 1800s Even in 1820, when America was a fledgling nation still insignificant in the eyes of world-class powers such as Britain and France, it still dreamed of an overseas empire rivaling that of Great Britain's. America's imperialist tendencies already were manifested in the subjugation of various Native American tribes and a key piece of ... sugar industry would belong to US corporations and investors. When President Roosevelt ordered the "liberation" of Panama, that country received the "Platt Amendment Treatment" as well, thereby also making it...

• Word Count: 3500
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... based on "Five Year Plans". Stalin's First Five Year Plan, adopted by the party in 1928, called for rapid industrialization of the economy, with an emphasis on heavy industry. It set goals that were unrealistic; a 250 percent increase in overall industrial development and a 330 percent expansion in ... . With the greatest share of investment put into heavy industry, widespread shortages of consumer goods occurred. The First Five-Year Plan also called for transforming Soviet agriculture from predominantly individual farms into a system of large state collective farms. The Communist regime...

• Word Count: 7028
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... as heavy artilleries, tanks, submarines, and airplanes, which made war an "untrammeled, absolute manifestation of violence-4 as Carl von Causewitz so eloquently put it. Total war marked the beginning of a revolution in thought and ideas, where turmoil, uncertainty, and pessimism replaced the cherished values and beliefs of peace ... at troops, dropped leaflets, and battled each other in the air. During the Second World War a new offensive form of air power called strategic bombing was launched. Airplanes were used to strike behind the enemy lines in order to cripple the home front.29 Wo...

• Word Count: 2634
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... try one more time to cure Laeddis. In that case, a delicate and suspenseful role play starts. In his scenario of hallucination, Laeddis set himself in it as a second persona, Teddy Daniels (an anagram of Andrew Laeddis), who is U.S. marshal. Apparently, he and his new partner, Chuck Aule (Dr. ... the trend of the era, in other words, they represent the justice. If justice is not absolute but depends on the one makes it, it will have a room for doubt, especially in the cases of those who do not have the firm faith in the righteousness of what they ... of the uncomfortable confusion. Gus...

• Word Count: 2674
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... broader democratic basis with the inclusion of democratic leaders from Poland itself and from Poles abroad. This new government should then be called the Polish Provisional Government of National Unity- (15). These terms recognized the government that Soviet occupants had imposed upon Poland, as ... leader by agreeing to the same border adjustments. The subsequent proposal read: It was agreed in principle that the hearth of the Polish state and people must be situated between the so-called Curzon Line (a demarcation line that pushed the eastern boundary westward) and the ... line of th...

• Word Count: 3287
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Previously Britain had recognized Orange Free State and the Transvaal's independence in 1843, but both did not prove to be economically beneficial. This new discovery, for the first time, made it economically desirable that the Transvaal be drawn into the British Empire. By the end of the century, Southern Africa had become, for the first time, a significant contributor to the world ... and her colonies of white settlement was widely favored as one of ensuring Britain's survival as a great power. In their eyes an independent English-speaking South Africa would be intolerable. It would,...

• Word Count: 3503
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a second bomb called "Fat Man" was dropped on the Japanese city of Nagasaki. 70,000 lives were claimed with the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. This will be a time that will be infamous throughout history. Many questions have arisen dealing with the need for the atomic bomb since it was twice used in ... this project made their visions work and become realities. In 1945, the bomb purity was shipped to Los Alamos. Where it was made into a gun type weapon to achieve a chain-reaction fission called critical mass. When critical mass is achieved, a chain reaction will take place in a really sho...

• Word Count: 3871
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

... December 21,1907. After his mom died he had no one. He traveled from city to city living off practi-cally nothing. Adolf often read a magazine called the Ostara, which argued that blond Germanic people were a, "higher" race. The gypsies, the slaves, and Jews, were the ene-mies of the , ... two days after Germany signed an armistice that brought World War I to an end. Hitler was sent to investigate a group which called itself the German Workers party. He loved it there. At his new job he gained experience of speaking to audiences. The German workers party were very impressed when Drexler...

• Word Count: 3687
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

... the term used to describe the intense rivalry that developed after World War II between groups of Communist and non Communist nations. It was called the cold war because it did not really result in fighting. According to the article on the cold war in the World Book 2000 encyclopedia , on ... compact disc, the cold war began at the end of the second world war. It was symbolized by mutual distrust suspicion and misunderstanding by the ... is not one for heavy discussion on the circuit of presidential candidates, it is on the agenda of members of congress. Such as Oakland Congresswoman B...

• Word Count: 3163
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... December 21,1907. After his mom died he had no one. He traveled from city to city living off practi-cally nothing. Adolf often read a magazine called the Ostara, which argued that blond Germanic people were a, "higher" race. The gypsies, the slaves, and Jews, were the ene-mies of the , ... two days after Germany signed an armistice that brought World War I to an end. Hitler was sent to investigate a group which called itself the German Workers party. He loved it there. At his new job he gained experience of speaking to audiences. The German workers party were very impressed when Drexler...

• Word Count: 3687
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... prices were low. Farmers lost their homes and farms. In short, the farming industry did not gain an excessive amount of benefits from a so-called prosperous era. The Roaring Twenties was a fabulous decade outlined by a booming economy, and big business finding new ways to become bigger. New stores ... of all labor leaders of Italian socialism. Mussolini evidently hoped the war might lead to a collapse of society that would bring him to power. Called up for military service, Mussolini was wounded in training camp and returned to edit his paper. Fascism became an organized political movem...

• Word Count: 2710
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... mysteriously burned to the ground. Hitler decided that the fire was the perfect time for him to seize total power. On March 23, 1933, Adolf Hitler called for a meeting of the Reichstag. In this meeting, he proposed a bill named the Enabling Act. The Act stated that restrictions on personal liberty, on ... referred to as. Legally, the Gestapo was given its power in the "Gestapo Law" which was passed by the Reichstag on February 10th, 1936. It stated that: "Neither the instructions nor the affairs of the Gestapo will be open to review by the administrative courts." The Gestapo monitored all...

• Word Count: 2550
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... into a different role. Important changes in industry began to take place. One was a more efficient source of electric power. This was called the hydroelectric plant. Hydroelectric plants took better advantage of Japanese geography then their pervious source of electricity. It also developed relatively cheap electrical power. With cheaper power now new industries began to develop (including aircraft and radio and electrical appliances ... "aura of a golden age for Japan" (Smith, Page 96). One popular explanation for the tremendous amount of economic growth in Japan was called the Japan I...

• Word Count: 2803
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... came in huge numbers in the spring and summer of 1918( Lawson, 46). Pershing told the U.S. he would three million troops. These men were called the "doughboys". The doughboys fought valiantly in the trenches, forests, and the fields of France in order to help the battered Allies turn back a ... offence( Haldin). The War was finally over on November 11th, 1918 after a surrender of the Central Powers. Woodrow Wilson had proposed treaty of terms called the Fourteen Terms to end the war. This was to be used as a guide for a peace settlement. The terms mainly included arms reductions and .....

• Word Count: 3869
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

... place on November 11th, the world recognized these memorial services to the end of World War I an official day called "Armistice Day-. Armistice Day received its name in America in 1926. Twelve years later, it became a national holiday. There was a hope that World War I would be "the War to end all wars ... newspapers, Felix DeWeldon, a sculptor who was working with the United States Navy, was so moved by it that he made a clay replica of it. Two days after the photograph appeared, the United States Senate called for a national monument to be made based on the photograph. Eventually, De...

• Word Count: 4085
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: High School