... allegory; a novel of multiple levels of meaning. On the first level, Orwell describes a very moving account of a farmyard battle between neglected animals and unjust, greedy humans. Delving down further into the meaning of the book, the animals and events serve as symbols. This second stage describes the animals on a new level, and it can be seen that the animals and events have certain parallels in Stalinist Russia ... . Even the minor characters of the story symbolize relevance with Russian history. Another key term mentioned, irony, describes ... ...

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• Grade Level: High School

... bomb, which would eventually become the atomic bomb. The research, studying and testing of this atomic bomb received the code name the Manhattan project. President Truman was the one who made the decision to use the atomic bomb, and one of the most admirable things about president Truman was that despite the scrutiny of the use of the atomic bomb, he stood his ground in the decision he made, he didn ... not only saved many lives because Japan surrendered but it also saved lives by showing to the rest of the world the power the United States had and the horrific scene that atomic warfare ...

• Word Count: 1297
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... amassed a massive and diverse stockpile of nuclear weapons. Not only did they hold many more nuclear warheads, their weapons delivery systems were much more developed compared to the Chinese. Immediately after the initial armed conflict on Zhenbao Island, Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin and Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev enacted an aggressive diplomacy strategy formulated to reach a peaceful accord with Mao ... a complex series of highways, industrial centers and power plants that connect Soviet and Chinese railroads, research centers, military installations, and major cities. The center of...

• Word Count: 1275
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... until two months later on December 25, 1991. Turkmenistan has a population of about 5,127,000 people, which is about ten people a square kilometer. The countries GDP or gross domestic product (PPP) is a total of 82.15 billion as of 2014 and their GDP (nominal) is a total of 47 ... and it's not entirely a drink it is a yogurt that is not watery but it is more a liquid than a solid. Vodka is the number one most purchased alcoholic beverage due to its cheapness and quantity. Turkmenistan is filled with beliefs but eighty-nine percent of all people are Muslim ... nine percent of all people...

• Word Count: 1290
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• Grade Level: High School

... family. Although he was a proper citizen and fulfilled all of his obligations towards his motherland, he was silenced and judged as a traitor. Life in the Soviet Union was always terrorizing. People felt a sense of doom looming over them; as if no matter what they do, either they or their loved ... of terror also included Shukhov even when he was already sentenced to Gulag. Prisoners would wake at dawn every morning feeling a sense of fear at the thought that perhaps it was their last day alive. It was common for prisoners to be shot with absolutely zero justification or warning. It was ...

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... Oblast. In 1954 it became part of Ukraine Soviet Socialist Republic under Soviet Union. But in 1991 it became part of independent Ukraine as the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. As it was the only land which connects Russia to Black Sea through Sevastopol " a warm water port. So Russia has always been interested in this land. Moreover this land has also minerals ... agrees and allows Crimea to join Russian Federation and an international treaty formed between Ukraine and Russia. But there is no accord or international treaty between Ukraine and Russia so the Russian annexation of Crimea c...

• Word Count: 1471
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... NATO or North Atlantic Trade Organization. NATO is an association of twenty-eight countries from North America and Europe that are committed to fulfilling the objectives of The North Atlantic Treaty. The main purpose for NATO is to protect the freedom and security of its member countries by political and military means. Eisenhower's job was to unite military organizations in Western Europe to develop ... security issues and have a common goal to fix them. Another goal is to protect fellow NATO countries from aggression. If a NATO country is attacked all of the countries in NATO combine ...

• Word Count: 1453
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... . Another words, Cuba would be Castro's reflection. He abolished several holidays, which brought discomfort to these who were so used to these traditional customs. Easter, Christmas, New Year's Eve, the Epiphany, and the Carnival were all abolished. All these celebrations were a time to get together with family and friends. It was always a time to have fun with music, dance and delicious food ... turned Cuba into a "tropical Moscow." All these celebrations were prohibited by Fidel's order. (Franqui 169) He also abolished their religion, ideas, political parties, and he went even further ...

• Word Count: 1660
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• Grade Level: High School

... , so he sought out to find a cause to further his political career and thus win him another election. McCarthy claimed to have a list of 205 Communists in the State Department, all working to sabotage the American ideals and lifestyles (Murray 33). When asked to produce tangible evidence of this, McCarthy only released one name, Owen Lattimore, which proved to be a nonexistent member ... plan was formed by U.S. secretary of state George Marshall. This plan called for $12.5 billion in funds to aid all European nations that required it. Apart from government spending, the Red Scare had an ...

• Word Count: 1414
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and threw in a few more strands just enough to make a cigarette but no more." Shukov demonstrated his integrity by attaining trust among the prisoners, a trust gained only from his previous engagements of sincere and honest deeds. Ivan's moral values strived close to that of a nobleman ... aspects of his purpose in life focuses on his moral but mainly on his optimistic attitude in excruciating situations. Ivan's optimistic attitude motivated the others around him to perform the given tasks with a can do attitude. To a man, ones aspect of life can aspire a man to perform a great deed .....

• Word Count: 1703
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• Grade Level: High School

... was getting worse. As Russia progressed, Lenin guaranteed that people did not gain too much freedom and created forces like the secret police and one-party rule. So, the distortion of communism is present even in the beginning. Following the first step towards communism is the revolution that Marx predicted would eventually occur. However, through a revolution, especially a violent one that Marx believed would sometimes ... no need for government can be accomplished in a communist state. Instead of government gradually intervening less and less, in real communist states, the opposite hap...

• Word Count: 1479
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... power (economical, military and political), and currently are influencing almost every other country around with numerous ways. They also believe that America is the place to live for the smart and open - minded. "The land of freedom-, they say. "The land of opportunities- they believe. As a foreigner that came here six months ago, and already used to a totally different environment, I'm afraid to say ... major wars, Americans were signing peace treaties (and ignoring them after a while) with Indians, finding vast rich plains to establish new colonies and discovering gold. While one part...

• Word Count: 1609
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• Grade Level: High School

... was to implement "a comprehensive, highly visible economic program" (p. 97). Though Reagan considered foreign and domestic policy, his advisor's agreed that these things had to take a secondary role to the economic situation. Reagan televised a speech on February 18, 1981 that announced "tax reductions, cutting government spending, eliminating unnecessary regulations, and pursuing an anti-inflationary monetary policy" (p.99). Reagan ... Oliver L. North managed both of these operations. Reagan and some of his advisors wanted to open relations with Iranian moderates, and it was "later co...

• Word Count: 1676
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... . Space was a crucial arena for this rivalry. Before a watchful world, each side sought to demonstrate its superiority through impressive feats in rocketry and spaceflight. Secret satellites kept an eye on the other. At the end of the Cold War, the United States and Russia agreed to build a space station and pursue other joint ventures in space. A contest that began in fear has become a partnership ... now colleges opened courses in rocket science and aeronautical engineering. Many people were eager to enlist in this new "army" so they could help defeat the Soviets. Progress was being ma...

• Word Count: 1305
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... is rising slowly, although Cubans still must queue up to board crowded buses or to enjoy restaurant meals that are better and more varied than their rationed fare at home. The government operates 750 nonration supermarkets where Cubans can purchase better-quality local goods and imported consumer products--at higher prices. "I paid 120 pesos (U.S. $140) for a pair of shoes," says one ... Cuban. "That's tough because my husband and I each earn only 130 pesos a month." A senior Cuban official claims that the purchasing power of the people is "high and rising." He reports that 2.9 million ...

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... our country, and if we work harder and longer, we should receive more of it, right? This is a western, individualistic way of thinking, but it makes sense. One of the replies to the article (which can be found at http://home.eol.ca/~smithda/exeden/communistemail.html, as there seems to be no startup page for this website), an e-mail by Chris ... October 14, 1962 (Schaaf). Instead of immediately using military action, Kennedy held back, put in a Cuban blockade and used diplomacy to solve the problem. "By the time the U.S. discovered the missiles in 1962," explains Marta Schaaf in her art...

• Word Count: 1396
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• Grade Level: High School

... base was described to have inter-mediate range missiles, which were capable of carrying a nuclear payload! Worse news was still to come, as on October 17th, the CIA reported that the sixteen to thirty two missiles could obliterate over eighty million Americans, as they had a range of two thousand miles with a flight time of just seventeen minutes. Whilst this was being ... unlikely going to listen to such a polite message, especially as they refused to even acknowledge they had missiles in their in the first place! The last option that lay to Kennedy was the option he took. Kennedy cou...

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... a renewed, love and shall perpetuate myself in my children I shall be eternally happy and joyous, all thanks to thee and when the woman I love presents me with the a child the first word it shall utter will be: Stalin." On the other hand during the period of 1934 to 1953 17 million guiltless citizens were sent to their graves (executed), deported or arrested for vague accusation ... such as links with Kirov's murder, political crimes and disloyal to the USSR. But still people thought of the Stalin as the great "Shining Sun of Humanity." The entire social and culture of the Soviet Union ...

• Word Count: 1274
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• Grade Level: High School

... of office. Americans were ready for a change, so they took a chance with Ronald Reagan to see if he could do what he promised. Thanks to the American people, Reagan proved that he could greatly influence the end of the Cold War. Ronald Reagan was a man of many talents, from his start as a radio personality,an actor, and to governor, which started his path ... of change from past presidents. As Crockatt states, "For several months following Reagan's inauguration, there was little inclination within the administration to undertake new initiatives with the Soviet Union-(316). Reagan wanted...

• Word Count: 1468
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... invaded in June 1941, Russia would have completely defeated and its army swiftly destroyed as it would not have had the military weaponry or hardware to fight back against the superior Wehrmacht. Historians argue that if Stalin, the brutal leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, had not of implemented serve industrial reforms to dramatically bring Russia from a mainly agrarian ... Germany would have inflicted a severe defeat on her in World War 2. Therefore, Stalin implementing his policy of "socialism in one country" led to the introduction of the Five Year Plans thereby cre...

• Word Count: 1272
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... had a deep affect on Stalin was a book similar to that of Robin Hood. His name was Koba and he hated the Russians and avenged their crimes against the Georgians. His acts were very ruthless and bloody. Stalin began to call himself Koba and this caught on with his friends. ... and actually did become, a revolutionary." In 1898 Stalin took his first step towards a revolutionary lifestyle when he joined a Marxist group in Tiflis. The group that Stalin had joined merely met to discuss Marx's ideas. During these meetings Stalin would go into a rage if anyone disagreed with anything ... he sai...

• Word Count: 1410
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• Grade Level: High School

... principles, even Baath principles, are relative" (Brooks 1). Arendt's observation on totalitarian states predicts this view of the ends justifying the means. According to Kohn, "Arendt saw that the "idea," the content, of the ideology matters less than its "inherent logicality" (Kohn 2). For the Nazis, pursuing the idea and its effect became focused on Jews and led to "a relentless and unstinting policy of genocide" ( ... official information and carefully selecting it for its political effect is a powerful tool. Hitler postulated that "all propaganda must be popular and its intellectual ...

• Word Count: 1359
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... was a reaction of radical economic changes, a wish of independence of Union States, and a struggle between political leaders and international pressure. Economy stagnation was one of the reasons that caused the collapse. In the 1980s, after several years of economy growth, USSR struggled in an economic stagnation which was considered as an inevitable result of a long-term command economy. First, an ... meaning closeness and openness, which introduced a profound exchange in internal affairs. It allowed Soviets to learn and exchange ideas with China and Western countries. Opening to the W...

• Word Count: 1863
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to mobilize and gather enough troops, and supplies to fight back. After the brutal bloodshed of the Battle of Stalingrad, the German army was very much shaken up and was not able to resist the forces of the Allies in the latter of the war. The USSR's Defeat Over Germany Germany invaded the Soviet Union in the summer of 1941 with a prejudice that they could defeat and take Moscow by ... October that year. The German army were advancing extremely rapidly with the deadly Blitzkrieg attack, and one million Soviet troops were conscripted ... to mobilize and gather enough troops, and supplie...

• Word Count: 1288
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a state of virtual civil war.  In early 1979 popular opposition forced the shah to leave the country. Hundreds of the shah's supporters were tried and executed, others fled the country, and the westernization of Iran was reversed. Khomeini came into power, the Shah fled to the U.S and immediate anger against the U.S. arose, as the new Iranian Islamist government demanded that Shah be sent back and tried for ... profit from its imperialist exploitation of other countries, while socialism could only lose economically in that competition. Though the U.S did not suffer such loses as the So...

• Word Count: 2185
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School