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ADD

 

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             Scientist believes the activity in the frontal lobes is depressed in people with ADD. Studies also show, a decrease in the ability of the Attention Deficit Disorder brain to use glucose, the body's main source of energy, leading to slower and less efficient activity. Neurotransmitters provide the connection to one nerve cell to another. It is suspected that people with Attention Deficit Disorder have a chemical imbalance of a class of neurotransmitter called catecholamine. Dopamine helps to form a pathway between the motor center of the midbrain and the frontal lobes, as well as a pathway between the limbic system and the frontal lobes. Without enough dopamine and related catecholamine, such as serotonin and norepinephrine, the frontal lobes are under stimulated and thus unable to perform their complex functions efficiently. .
             Attention Deficit Disorder is considered a genetic disorder. Which is why it is labeled an axis two in the DSM-IV. Research shows that 20-30% of all hyperactive children have at least one parent with ADD. Yet, not all cases of Attention Deficit Disorder are genetically linked. Some studies show that smoking, drinking alcohol, and using drugs during pregnancy, influenced a small percentage of ADD cases. Exposure to toxins, such as lead, may also alter the brain chemistry and function.
             Attention Deficit Disorder generally affects males more often than females, in a 3:1 ratio. The detection of this condition is difficult. The test requires a nine-month observation of the person, as well as MRIs, PET scan, or EEGs. During the nine months, the person need to show a certain number of the classic traits associated with the disorder. The EEG is used to record the amount of electrical activity that is happening in the brain. More recently, the way to diagnose ADD is the use of a PET scan, which measures the amount of activity in the brain. .
             There are two general categories for those diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder.


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