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Sociology Study Guide


             Sociology: the study of human behavior in society.
             Conflict Theory: emphasizes the role of coercion and power, a person's or groups ability to exercise influence and control over others, in producing social order (Karl Marx) where fragmented groups compete for social and economic resources/domination/inequality (strife and friction).
             3. Controlled experiment: .
             4. scientific method: principles and procedures for the systematic pursuit of knowledge involving the recognition and formulation of a problem; collection of data through observation and experiment, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses.
             5. dependent variable: a mathematical variable whose value is determined by that of one or more other variables in a function.
             6. independent variable: a mathematical variable that is independent of the other variables in an expression or function and whose value determines one or more of the values of the other variables.
             7. Functionalism: a theoretical perspective that interprets each part of society in terms of how it contributes to the stability of the whole society (cohesion).
             8. Quantitative research: systematic empirical investigation of social phenomena via statistical, mathematical, or computational techniques.
             9. Qualitative research: uses observation as the data collection method.
             10. Social action: coined by Weber as a behavior to which people give meaning such as placing a bumper sticker on your car showing pride in the troops.
             11. sociological imagination: the ability to see the societal patterns that influence individual and group life.
             12. troubles vs issues: troubles: privately felt problems that come from events or feelings in one individual's life.
             13. Issues: problems that affect large numbers of people and have their origins in the institutional arrangements and history of a society.
             14. applied sociology: any use of sociological perspective and/or its tools in the understanding of, intervention in, and/or enhancement of human social life.


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