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The Merchant of Venice



             As a comparison to Act 1 Scene three Act 4 Scene one is centred around the theme of mercy. The Duke feels sympathetic and loyal towards Antonio, not only as a friend but as a fellow Christian. However he is completely aware of the fact that there is no way that he can stop the insanity of Shylocks bond. "If you deny it, let the danger light. "Upon your charter and your cities freedom," Shylock replies when asked why he would demand such a forfeit. "I"ll not have to answer that, But say that it is my humour;" at this point in the scene Shylock has full control of the supporting characters. Any empathy still held by an Elizabethan audience for Shylock would have scattered long ago. As the scene continues, Antonio's nobility excels. "Make no more offers, use no farther means" He accepts his fate gracefully and as the compassion felt towards Antonio by the audience increases the hostility shown towards Shylock also begins to escalate. Antonio is well liked by the people of Venice and respected on the Rialto. However Shylock is still able to control the scene. He is able to out strip any other character using reasoned argument something which none of the others seem to be able to do. However by this point, Shakespeare has manipulated the audience to such an extent that they have begun to forget about Shylock's justified argument of Act 3 Scene 1. They no longer feel any compassion towards Shylock. Shylock is no longer standing for judgement. Instead, he is desperately grasping at the chance of revenge he has against Christians. .
             Antonio is shown as a multi layered character perhaps more in Act 1 Scene three than in Act 4 Scene one. Although in Act 1 Scene three he ordinarily wishes to be above the situation the loyalty and support which his presence shows towards his friend Bassanio are in direct contrast to the intolerance which he displays towards Shylock. He is also generous to the extreme as shown in Act 4; "For if the Jew do cut but deep enough, I"ll pay it presently with all my heart" He is willing to sacrifice his life for Bassanio's happiness and welfare.


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