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BIO


For example, aquatic plants take their minerals and water directly from their surroundings. Without the amneties of the watery environment, the early plants had to make adaptive changes. First of all, all terrestrial life, whether plant or animal is subject to desiccation. One way plants respond to this does with the production of a cuticle, which is a waterproof, the epidermis secrete protective coating. The spores and pollen also have a protective coating, or sporopollenin, a sealing material that permits their dispersal by air currents without the danger of drying. As plants get bigger and older, they need meathods of insuring a sufficient supply of water and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. The water problem was solved with the evolution of vascular tissue. Stomata assured an adequate supply of carbon dioxide without too much of a loss in water. The reproductive adaptations to life on land were also extreme changes. After the change, plants could no longer release its gametes into the water environment that it is surrounded by. Mosses are characterized as bryophytes. They are much less adapted for life on land. They are nonvascular plants because of the fact that they lack the xylem and phloem tissues that other plants have. They also lack the strong, lignin supporting tissues found in most of the other plants. Vascularity was a huge evolutionary step because the xylem tissues impregnated with lignin provide woody plants with exceptional strength in its efficient transport of water and minerals.4. Compare and contrast the origin and maturation of the male and female gametes in a flowering plant and in a mammal.A flower is a beautiful colorful silk like substance that comes out of many plants. In my opinion, it is very pretty. Flowers are also the reproductive structure of flowering plant aka an angiosperm. In most angiosperms, insects and other animals transfer pollen from to another flower's female sex organs.


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