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In Japanese culture, old age signifies status, a man celebrating his sixtieth birthday would wear a red vest, symbolizing rebirth into an advanced phase of life (Kimmel, 1988-text, pg 15). The !Kung tribe in the Kalahari Desert do not count the number of years a person has been alive. To the members of this culture age is useless information (text, pg 13). Clearly, societies view has a direct affect on how aging adults are viewed and shape an individuals ideals and stereotypes of aging. .
             Much study and development has been accomplished since the 1930's in regards to adult development. Most psychologists today, accept the lifespan development approach to aging, encouraging the idea that development is a life long process of adaptation (text pg 5). Key principles of this approach are that development is lifelong as stated above; development depends on history and context; meaning, "each person develops within a specific set of circumstances or conditions defined by time and place." (Text 5) Other key principles are the development is multidimensional and multidirectional stating that as some capacities increase, others decrease, and lastly development is pliable, or development can be improved with training and practice (text 5). These principles in adult development have increased awareness in ageism against the elderly and continue to shed light on the value and capabilities of the aging population. .
             There are several ways in which a person can age separate from chronological age. One way is functional age measuring person functionality physiologically and socially as compared with people of the same chronological age (text 9). In my own experience with my grandfather, although he was chronologically 88 years old, he continued to drive a vehicle, had a 90-year-old girlfriend and attended social functions within his community. Until he developed cancer, he lived in his own apartment without assistance and people often commented on how young he looked.


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