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Agricultural Pollution


            Agricultural water pollution is becoming a major issue these days, not only in developed regions such as Europe but also in many other developing countries as well. Agricultural areas have the potential to pollute water in several ways. Runoff from farms carries sediments, nutrients, salts, pesticides, and fertilizers. Both surface water and groundwater can be contaminated with these pollutants. .
             The growing uses of pesticides and fertilizers, and the specialization and concentration of a crop and livestock productions- has had a growing impact on water quality. Nitrates, phosphorus, and pesticides are the main water pollutants. Rising nitrate concentrations threaten the quality of drinking water, while high pesticides" use contributes to indirect emissions of toxic substances. Growing levels of these pollutants in the surface waters reduce their ability to support plant and animal life and makes them less attractive for recreational use.
             Solutions to agricultural pollution involve finding sustainable ways for the agricultural areas to reduce both its dependance on pollutants and the amount of pollutants it produces and to properly recycle or dispose of these pollutants before they contaminate the soil, water, or air. Organic farming avoids the use of pesticides and fertilizers. Certain cropping methods can also reduce the erosion of sediment from the land.
             Another concern with agricultural pollution is the over application of manure at factory farms that are polluting our lakes and river; fish and wildlife, and threatening public health. This pollution is caused by improper land application of manure, spills, and leaks, from immense manufacturing equipment failures, and intentional manure dumping. These incidents deplete the oxygen in water and have led to massive fish kills. Enormous quantities of excess manure are spread on farmland, posing as threats to drinking water and fisheries.


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