... Prokofiev and Dmitrii Shostakovich were denounced for "neglect of ideology and subservience to Western influence". The attacks extended to scientists and philosophers and continued until after Stalin's death in 1953. Stalin increased the size of the Kremlin bureaucracy: commissariats, commissions, and committees regimented and disciplined every area of society and economy. He also abandoned Lenin's idea ... specialists, borderland minorities, and other "class enemies". Slavery became an important factor in the calculations of all Five Year Plans, including the first. In November 1927, Jo...

• Word Count: 7507
• Approx Pages: 30
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Prokofiev and Dmitrii Shostakovich were denounced for "neglect of ideology and subservience to Western influence". The attacks extended to scientists and philosophers and continued until after Stalin's death in 1953. Stalin increased the size of the Kremlin bureaucracy: commissariats, commissions, and committees regimented and disciplined every area of society and economy. He also abandoned Lenin's idea ... specialists, borderland minorities, and other "class enemies". Slavery became an important factor in the calculations of all Five Year Plans, including the first. In November 1927, Jo...

• Word Count: 7028
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... he tried so hard to become a Russian and forget his Georgian past, that he left his mother behind along with his heritage6. Svanidze Family When Stalin finally left for Tiflis, he entered a different world then he was used to. Just like other big cities in the Russian Empire, Tiflis was ... the Svanidze's in Georgia, but did help them from time to time financially until they have moved Yakov to live in Moscow with Stalin and his new family. Stalin ordered the arrest and execution of much of Kato's family, including, in 1937, her brother, Alexander Svanidze. Alexander refused to confess ...

• Word Count: 3016
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... first in the local Gori Church School and then, thanks to a scholarship, at the Tiflis Theological Seminary. There, she hoped, he would train to become a priest. Instead, the young Stalin became a devoted advocate for Marxist revolution. After leaving the Seminary in 1899, he joined the Social Democrats, Russia's Marxist political party, and became a professional revolutionary. He worked in Tiflis, ... Sergei Kirov, a member of the Politburo, was put forth as a possible candidate. Kirov rejected this notion, but at the Fifteenth Party Congress in 1934 many members expressed disapproval ...

• Word Count: 5151
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... unite!" Many people believed that the communist manifesto provided the blue print for communism and changed the future of economics and political development. Despite the efforts of the Seminary's administrators, Stalin and his classmates read many anti-establishment literature ranging from the romantic novels of Victor Hugo to the works of Charles Jean Marie Letourneau who was a Frenchman who attempted to ... of farms, farm equipment, and livestock to the government. But the farmers resisted his order and destroyed about half of the U.S.S.R.'s livestock and much of its produce. As punish...

• Word Count: 2506
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... , steel production increased 300 percent, production of machinery and electrical equipment 157 percent, heavy metal increased 67 percent, coal output increased 89 percent, and consumer goods increased about 73 percent (Stalin Triumph 156). After the success of the First Five Year Plan, the Seventeenth Party Congress embraced the Second Five Year Plan in 1934. Goals of the second plan were an ... expansion of machine tool production, the development and production of non-ferrous metals, and the improvement of railroad lines (Stalin Man 1662). By the end of the Second Five Year Plan, the S...

• Word Count: 1682
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... , steel production increased 300 percent, production of machinery and electrical equipment 157 percent, heavy metal increased 67 percent, coal output increased 89 percent, and consumer goods increased about 73 percent (Stalin Triumph 156). After the success of the First Five Year Plan, the Seventeenth Party Congress embraced the Second Five Year Plan in 1934. Goals of the second plan were an ... expansion of machine tool production, the development and production of non-ferrous metals, and the improvement of railroad lines (Stalin Man 1662). By the end of the Second Five Year Plan, the S...

• Word Count: 1682
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... . Once out of central power he joined with Trotsky and Zinoviev. They formed the "united opposition". Their only common similarity was their opposition of Stalin. This group's goal was to split the party. They did everything in their power to accomplish this. Was a previous Menshevik leader. This would ... they hadn't done enough. "and doubtless he frightened his colleagues with warnings with a possible coup. At any rate, by the autumn of 1925 Stalin seems to have been powerful enough to have made these colleagues assent to the cold-blooded murder of a distinguished comrade."(De Jonge 194...

• Word Count: 1632
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... "Lenintsy- were uneducated, young, and inexperienced. By 1927 less than 8% had secondary education. These recruits were highly impressionable, and owed a lot to Stalin. This meant he had their undivided support, whether or not they actually agreed with, or understood, his policies. The main influence regarding the struggle for ... had appeared he had his favourites within the Party during his time as the Communist leader, he criticised every obvious candidate. He said that Stalin was unable to use "power with sufficient caution-, whilst Trotsky, seen to be his right-hand man, was responsi...

• Word Count: 3761
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

... to defend itself. To defend itself, Russia needed a large and strong army and to feed this army, it needed grain in large quantities. Stalin's solution to the problem of industrial and agricultural backwardness was his five year plans of collectivization and breakneck industrialization. Russia needed to "overtake and ... outstrip capitalist countries" and the only way to do it was "socialism in one country to ensure global domination, "Stalin said. At the completion of two of the five year plans the USSR was turned into a modern state, able to resist Hitler's invasion. ... what they wer...

• Word Count: 2886
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... seemed to stop as quickly as it started and the remaining Bolsheviks began to relax, thinking the trials were a one-time aberration. Unfortunately for them Stalin was planning massive attacks against the Bolsheviks and anyone who supported them (Purge 2). This newest attack was called "The Trial of the Sixteen" (Purge ... these trials was just as evil as the trials themselves. There are several accounts of people disappearing during the night never to be seen again. Stalin saw these people as a threat to him personally and politically. Two possible fates awaited these people. One was ba...

• Word Count: 1798
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... -aggression agreement Secret protocols to the pact which allowed them to gain much land lost at the end of WWI All opposition to Stalin's foreign policy was eliminated Stalin believed that WWII would be a repeat of WWI - long and drawn out He thought France would be strong enough to withstand ... war 22nd June 1941, Germany attacked Russia. There was no warning, no declaration of war - much devastation was caused because of the surprise attack Stalin didn't believe that the Germans would violate the agreement, he was shocked and upset Germans advanced rapidly approaching from 3 differen...

• Word Count: 847
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... , a German political philosopher, and soon he would join the revolution called Russian Marxism. He would continue to read other books, including the works of F. Engels and V. I. Lenin. In 1899 Stalin dropped out (other sources say he was expelled) of the Tbilisi Theological Seminary to become a full time revolutionary. His career in the Social Democratic party began as a propagandist among T"bilisi ... would stay in power. This smart move also helped him defeat his biggest threat and the foremost candidate for Lenin's position Leon Trotsky. Once the threat of Trostky was eliminated, Stal...

• Word Count: 1904
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... against the college administration, against the bourgeoisie, against everything in the country that embodied tsarism. He had an overwhelming hatred for authority." After Stalin was expelled at age 19, he earned just enough money to survive by tutoring students. At the end of the year he got a job ... to the railroad yards and talked with the workers about Marxism and was very successful at spreading his political ideas. The next year, Stalin joined the Russian Social Democratic Party after meeting one of its members. The Party was founded in 1898. The members were socialists dedicated ...

• Word Count: 1410
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... was about to change the direction of the Russian history. In this crisis it is a question whether it was Trotsky's poor political judgment or Stalin's superior grasp of practical politics that was decisive factor. The Politburo in 1924 consisted of seven men. They were not a united body. Over ... has unlimited authority concentrated in his hands, and I am not sure whether he will always be capable of using the authority with sufficient caution...". Stalin had gained his "unlimited authority" by taking on jobs that none of the other Politburo members wanted. He was also in the Party's Org...

• Word Count: 1922
• Approx Pages: 8

... by proposing a policy later known as Stalinism, a theory that sanctioned an unlimited and no longer temporary Soviet dictatorship with the radical intent of employing Socialism in a single country. Stalin appealed to that "Great Russian chauvinism" and to the Bolsheviks and many citizens who retained a fervent Communist idealism . The Socialist cause was the authority that justified both Lenin and ... that it had taken power as an enlightened minority acting on behalf of a majority ignorant of its best interests. It was ideology, not a mandate, that legitimized the party." Stalin's brut...

• Word Count: 1533
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... by proposing a policy later known as Stalinism, a theory that sanctioned an unlimited and no longer temporary Soviet dictatorship with the radical intent of employing Socialism in a single country. Stalin appealed to that "Great Russian chauvinism" and to the Bolsheviks and many citizens who retained a fervent Communist idealism . The Socialist cause was the authority that justified both Lenin and ... that it had taken power as an enlightened minority acting on behalf of a majority ignorant of its best interests. It was ideology, not a mandate, that legitimized the party." Stalin's brut...

• Word Count: 1534
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... rival Leon Trotsky was very arrogant. This made members of the Bolshevist Party and the public dislike him because of his self-importance. Trotsky underestimated Stalin, which led to Stalin winning the leadership of the Bolshevist Party. Secondly, Stalin believed in Socialism in Russia, which was a very popular idea with the people. Trotsky believed in a Bolshevist World Revolution, which would make the Soviet ... for Nationalities. He also took a lot of bad jobs and appointed people who stayed loyal to him, giving him more power. Another reason was that Stalin defeated his enemies one ...

• Word Count: 790
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... paid wages with ,land and machinery being collectively owned. Nevertheless, industrialization and collectivisation had consequences. Poor working conditions and famines occurred throughout the nation, causing increasing discontent. Stalin also maintained his power throughout all of his economic policies, unlike Mao, who after the Great Leap Forward re-established himself through the Cultural Revolution. Despite this, Mao's ... of the similarities between their policies. Collectivization policies produced famines in both China and Russia. Discrepancies occur between the two because of the...

• Word Count: 1642
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... for the USSR to blossom into a industrialized country in record time. This massive growth allowed for the USSR to gain respect and credibility from the West, which was one of Stalin's most important underlying motives. However, despite this massive success, Russia was already in a decent standing regarding their national economics. In Germany, however, Hitler revived a dead Germany economy, crippled by the ... expectations for the near future. His system did away with unemployment and the boom and depression cycles of capitalism, but there was no economic equality. The most noteworthy a...

• Word Count: 2251
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a socialist must be highly industrialised. As a result of this all members of the communist party were of the agreement that industrialisation was a necessity. The programme Stalin chose to implement in order to achieve this high level of industrialisation contained three major components. The first being complete nationalism and socialisation of all non-farming activity from ... execution or deportation. In 1939, 2.5 million hectares of land in private plots was taken away and private livestock numbers were also cut. Although as a result of Stalin's revolutionary policies investment in...

• Word Count: 2410
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Russia; he purposely killed his own people to make himself more powerful making other people that lived in Russia fear him. Next, Stalin used slogans as a type of propaganda. Stalin used slogans to brainwash the Russian people. One of his slogans was "Move Forward"". The slogan "Move forward " made the Russian ... people think that Russia was becoming move advanced ("Propaganda Posters""). Another slogan that Stalin used was "We'll execute the plan of the great works. The slogan "We'll execute the plan of the great works " made the Russian ... of the farm to know that he was in contro...

• Word Count: 1041
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... were autocratic and cruel. He was determined to make the Russian Empire into a Communist State and a great world power. There were two problems for Stalin to solve after Lenin's death; the peasants were not producing enough food to feed the Soviet Union to enable investment in industry, which was not growing ... Party over the Empire. Lenin had solutions for these problems; the replacement of War Communism by a new Economic Policy and the appointment of Joseph Stalin as General Secretary of the Communist Party. The first solution was a temporary retreat from Communism; but it was the seco...

• Word Count: 1872
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... by his opposition, who were not united against him and he had the support of the working class of Russia, all of these factors contributed to Stalin's rise to power. Stalin was born into a peasant family in Georgia. He was forced to live like the Russian people and had no respect for authority from a young ... the members of the Central Committee to support himself over Trotsky. Trotsky was a great intellectual however, was not able to tolerate people of lower intelligence. Stalin on the other hand felt threatened by people who were smarter than him and surrounded himself with very medioc...

• Word Count: 914
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... were answerable directly to him, and initially were bureaucrats who enjoyed the perks of the job, and so remained loyal to him. This gave Stalin immense power of patronage and so votes would consistently follow him. This power was further enhanced during the "Lenin Enrolment" (1924- 26) ... off theorists, to a sprawling bureaucracy. After the Lenin Enrolment the majority of the party members were from the working and peasant classes. Stalin was quick to recognise this change and presented himself accordingly. He showed himself as the hard-working Georgian farmboy, the Old Bolshevik who ...

• Word Count: 1158
• Approx Pages: 5