... A study conducted by The Center for Children of Incarcerated Parents found that 32% of the 11-14 year old children of incarcerated mothers had been arrested and/or incarcerated (Johnston, 1992). In a study in Ohio, Hungerford (1993) found that 40% of male children of inmate mothers between 12-17 years of age had been adjudicated delinquent. The Center for Children of Incarcerated Parents ... experience that these children have in common with their incarcerated parent is the experience of multiple types of recurring trauma throughout at least one stage of development - an experience refe...

• Word Count: 1894
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of the world's problems such as poverty, crime, pollution and the destruction of our environment is linked to the unchecked growth of the human population. It has been found that the less space people have to live in, the harder it is for them to get along. As people compete, not only for housing but also for food, jobs, and schooling, the ... more hostile their behavior becomes. Crime, and a lack of respect for other people, becomes more common as the space around you is reduced (Coleman,1990; Agnew,1992,1999). Violence is more prevalent in highly populated areas, as are other forms of...

• Word Count: 444
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

... Apparently certain sections of this society have been desensitized to the point that human life has no value whatsoever. To that section of the population nothing will hold deterrent value. These people do not think about the consequences of their actions. Lack of foresight and morals, however, cannot ... something more useful. Thus the economy benefits from the death penalty. Plus, it helps lower the prison population by the number executed. The average time a death row prisoner has to spend in jail until the death sentence is carried out is about nine years and six months (BJS 12-92 .....

• Word Count: 4694
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

... because of more serious delinquency offenses. The 1991 Children in Custody Census found 57,542 juveniles in public facilities. This was the largest number since the census began in 1974, with an overall rate of 221 juveniles in custody per 100,000 juveniles in America (Moone, 1993, p. 1). Essentially, these statistics represent a growing population of juveniles in custody, with an overwhelming majority of these juveniles being held for ... cases increased 74%, and person offense cases increased 55%" (p. 1). According to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports, juveniles were responsible for 16%...

• Word Count: 2216
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... up for the murder of another. Capital punishment should be eliminated from use in our society. The death penalty is used to hastily at times. Especially in cases involving minorities and the poor. Between 1977 and 1992, 162 people were executed, twenty-nine of which were convicted of the killing ... annual rate of 7.5 criminal homicides per 100,000 of the population. States not implementing capital punishment averaged 7.4 (www.deathpenaltyfacts.com). The total cost of putting a person to death is more than the cost of imprisoning a person for life. In 1992, The Dallas Morning News study f...

• Word Count: 681
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... locate, to anticipate, or to guard against." (Toch, 1992) Taking that into consideration the new reality of perceived threat is the first thing that changes in many people upon being removed from society and placed into prison. The purpose in my bringing this concept into my research is I think very ... types of crowding that prison produces. The first is emotional crowding and the second type of crowding is a result of high population numbers. I've seen this issue best described as follows; "crowding is only indirectly related to mere numbers or density of people. It ... to feel crowde...

• Word Count: 3832
• Approx Pages: 15

... robbery rates between cities where guns were widely available and cities where they were not; in cities with fewer firearms, armed robbers simply used other weapons. (5) The best available evidence, based on at least eight national surveys of the general adult population, indicates that guns are used about as often for defensive as for criminal Purposes.6 The experience of other nations also ... (Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter, 1991), p. 203. 6 Gary Kleck, "Lifesaving Benefits to Use of Weapons for Self-Defense," Houston Chronicle, May 31,1992, p. 1E. 7 David B. Kopel, The Samurai, th...

• Word Count: 5482
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: High School

... It has been during our current thirty year crime wave that we have seen the number of juveniles incarcerated, on probation or parole or in alternative programs like wilderness and boot camps, community based school or work release programs increase to nearly one million under supervision (Abruzzese 1). The ... of date, which makes it tough to see the results of short-term changes in the system. In a report made last year, the FBI stated between 1965 and 1992 law enforcement agencies reported a 423 percent increase in the number of assaults, robberies, rapes, and homicides by juveniles. I...

• Word Count: 1792
• Approx Pages: 7

... accounted for 15% of the prison population. During a six year period from 1986-1992, the black imprisoned population increased by an astounding 204% (Henry,147). So why the large discrepency? One explanation is that the law in practice in Canada today which is practiced and has it's policies implemented in most courtrooms in the country today, was created in an era in which members from several minority and disadvantaged ... groups were banned from participating in society and the ... ...

• Word Count: 1028
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... (Grinney, 47). Some people believe that the environment of a teen causes delinquency. "Recent statistics show an increasing number of young people living in poverty the connection between rising rates of juvenile poverty and crime is apparent- (Grinney, 51). "Statistics on inmates parallel the characteristics of ghetto ... 51). Some people believe that drugs cause juvenile crime. All of the juveniles in a prison population "were daily users of at least one drug- (Biskup, 98). It also appears that their criminal careers "emerged more or less in tandem with the drug-using careers- (Biskup...

• Word Count: 897
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... to investigate the influence of social factors such as climate, sex and age on the propensity to commit crime. Crime was found to be more in the summer, in the southern areas, among heterogeneous population, and among the poor and uneducated. Merton and Cohen formulated the "Strain Theory." Adults and juveniles feel frustrated when realize that they cannot ... provide excitement and thrill. - To take revenge against parents and others. - To deny dependence on others. - To seek punishment in order to shake off the sense of conscious and unconscious feeling of guilt (Desai: 1985). Rose G...

• Word Count: 2056
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... that only 26 per cent of respondents felt that the death penalty was appropriate for a person who had stabbed a victim to death, and only 17 per cent favored capital punishment in respect of a person convicted of serious drug trafficking.(Mukherjee, S.K,Jacobsen,E.N.,and Walker,J.R 1992) What, then, are the rational answers to this series of partly understandable and partly impermissible misconceptions ... in the Australian society? True, violent crime has risen sharply in the past two decades, but to begin with it has been abundantly demonstrated by social research that availability of...

• Word Count: 2841
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Everyday juveniles are being tried in adult criminal court. Between 1992 and 1997 forty-four states and the District of Colombia passed laws facilitating the transfer of juveniles to the adult system. Senators are steadily weighing tougher standards for juvenile offenders, partly because of massacres like Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado. The juvenile system, which started in England, was invented to ... brutalize juveniles. They are eight times more likely to commit suicide and five times more likely to be sexually abused Riddlespriger 2 than offenders held in juvenile faci...

• Word Count: 1115
• Approx Pages: 4

... prove that capital punishment has the opposite effect of its original intentions which is why it should be abolished. The death penalty does not deter a person from committing a murder while in prison. In order for a criminal to feel deterred from committing a crime, they must feel some sort of threat or severe consequence. Obviously, a person committing a crime is not thinking about its consequences ... councel can easilt lose them their case and their life. "Between 1900 and 1992, there have been 46 documented cases of innocent persons who have been convicted of murder or capital rape...

• Word Count: 1285
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... depicted above, that have repeatedly occurred throughout the course of history. Two highly distinguishable figures in the area of capital punishment in the United States, Hugo Bedau and Michael Radelet, discovered in 1992, at least 140 cases, since 1990, in which innocent persons were sentenced to death (Hook and Kahn 92). In Illinois alone, 12 death row inmates have been cleared and freed since 1987 (Execution ... individuals to oppose the United States capital punishment laws because it is an unfair, biased, arbitrary and discriminative method that cannot guarantee protection. Another...

• Word Count: 1863
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... depicted above, that have repeatedly occurred throughout the course of history. Two highly distinguishable figures in the area of capital punishment in the United States, Hugo Bedau and Michael Radelet, discovered in 1992, at least 140 cases, since 1990, in which innocent persons were sentenced to death (Hook and Kahn 92). In Illinois alone, 12 death row inmates have been cleared and freed since 1987 (Execution ... individuals to oppose the United States capital punishment laws because it is an unfair, biased, arbitrary and discriminative method that cannot guarantee protection. Another...

• Word Count: 1863
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , the Amnesty International USA, which opposes the death penalty said, 80 percent of the 845 people executed since the United States resumed the practice in 1977 were put to death for killing whites. Since that time, according to the human rights organizations, 200 Blacks have been executed for killing ... times as many the number of Whites put to death for killing Blacks during that period- (Hays13). Blacks comprise 12 percent of the U.S. population but 41 percent of those on death row and 35 percent of those executed between 1977-2001 were Black, according to the Justice Department Bur...

• Word Count: 1766
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... indicator of a computer criminal, while others claim that potential computer criminals are bright, eager, highly motivated subjects willing to accept a technological challenge, characteristics that are also highly desirable in an employee in the data-processing field. According to a number of studies, however, employees represent the largest threat, and indeed computer crime has often been referred to as an insider crime. ... of losses and the actual number of criminal offences. At its Colloquium on Computer Crimes and Other Crimes against Information Technology, held at Wurzburg, German...

• Word Count: 3718
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... social control may exacerbate crime. Labelling offenders may confirm a deviant identity and produce secondary deviance (Croall, H. 1998). The early nineties saw the beginning of a moral panic about youth crime. In 1992 Kenneth Clarke then Home Secretary made a speech about a small number of children committing a large number of crimes. This, he stated was therefore evidence of the need to increase the power ... , moral panics also triggers change legislation as a direct reaction to the public outcry. Following the Bulger murder in 1993 the prison population began to rise, from approximat...

• Word Count: 2549
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... their resumption deeming the death penalty constitutionally permissible. Between 1977 and 1999, 596 prisoners were put to death, most of them in the 1990s as the pace of executions picked up with a record of 96 in 1999. The nation's death-row population now numbers more than 3, 335 inmates. Capital punishment, or the death penalty, has again become a basic fact of American ... are poor people who often receive only perfunctory representation from underpaid, overworked court-appointed lawyers. They have little, if any, protection for police and prosecutors, who may engage in misconduct ...

• Word Count: 3235
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... economic status of those who will be affected by their laws. Nowhere is this more evident than in California where the 0.J. Simpsons walk while the poor from South Central linger in prisons. "Pubic outrage at the gruesome murders of Kimber Reynolds in Fresno in 1992 and Polly Klaas in Petaluna in 1993, each by released felons with long rap sheets, fueled passage of California's' three-strikes and ... that the law is simply too broad." (Krikorian 1) By "too broad", those who have been studying and analyzing the effects of the law find that in California's 12 largest counties, which accou...

• Word Count: 2677
• Approx Pages: 11