... order to crush resistance, the enemy resorted to flamethrowers. THE LAST CENTERS OF RESISTANCE It was written down in the diary of operations of the 45th infantry division from June 30, 1941 after the death of the staff of defense of the Citadel: "Thus, the fortress and Brest-Litovsk are now in hands of the 45th infantry division. The further aim of the division: one part of divisions continues mopping-up and surveying the fortress, other forces of the division have to be brought ... to a ready state to march. But as the survived defenders testify, the fights in fortress ... ...

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• Grade Level: High School

... Canal. By deciding to destroy Soviet Russia in 1941, Hitler lost the war. As he defeated France and closed in on Paris in 1940, Hitler believed he could go after the rest of the continent after signing the Tripartite Pact with Italy and Japan. "His instrument was the Tripartite Pact, signed between Germany, Italy, and Japan on September 27, 1940, binding any two to come to ... the aid of a third if it was attacked." (Robert Cowley, What If, page 298). His pact was ... an ego. It was causing him to think illogically and go after a much-hated Communist Russia instead of looking east. The...

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... turn back as snow started to fall in the beginning of November Russian raiders attacked Napoleon's ragged retreating army many of Napoleon's surviving soldiers were walking barefoot using pieces of wood as their cane many soldiers died from wounds, exhaustion, hunger and cold finally in the middle of December the last survivors straggled out of Russia. In September 8 Germans had surrounded Leningrad ... . Seeing that Leningrad would not surrender Hitler went to Moscow the capital of the Soviet Union, Hitler entered Moscow on October 2, 1941by December Germans had advanced to the border of...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... financially secure and being able to better themselves materialistically. This is the driving force behind the theory of capitalism. The society that we as Americans live in today perpetuates the need for greed through the voice of the media. Expensive clothes, overly-excessive accessories, and nice cars dominate television commercials and the pages of magazines. From the time we are born, these luxuries are presented to us as normalities, leading ... us to believe that these items are, in essence, necessities. This, in turn, leads to more greed and the jealousy of others. Without this ...

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... but encouraged all Americans to support them in their dark days. Europe's reaction was immediate- twenty-two days later, the Foreign Ministers from Britain, France, and the Soviet Union met to discuss Europe's future. Not surprisingly, the Soviet Union rejected the Marshall Plan because they did not want a free flow of East-West trade. This helped many Americans to get over their doubt concerning ... both feared and detested communism. In 1947, sixteen European countries met with George Kennan to form a proposal acceptable to all parties. In September, the nations agreed to a proposal of...

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... horrific act in history. His complete disregard for human life was basically unmatched by any other dictator in history. He covered the entire country of Russia in a blanket of fear, the fear that their life could be taken at any moment for having the slightest connection to anything that Stalin disliked. Maybe it was a greed for power and control, maybe it was racism and bloodlust ... , but either way, its effects were devastating to the country. There could be various motivations for Stalin's use of terror. But perhaps the most obvious or most sensible is plainly his lust for power. He...

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• Grade Level: High School

... Germany. He was able to move quickly with his fast military tactics, but this lead to his downfall because he underestimated his enemies. The invasion of the Soviet Union failed and the US entered the war and was a major factor in the war. The allies invaded Italy in 1943 and France in 1944. Along Asia, Japan was able to invade northern China, but conflict arose between Japan ... and the US after the attack on Pearl Harbor and they fought over territorial lands in the Pacific. Each of these two wars was fought differently. In the first one an invasion which soon lead to trench warfare e...

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... . StrangeLove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb This movie was made in 1964 by Stanley Kubrick. It is quite probably one of the most hilarious comedy and war movie back in the 60's. It was even said that the The Pentagon did not cooperate in making the film due due to the satiric story. The story is about an American Ari Force who wants to ... begin a nuclear war with the Soviet Union in order to stop something which he believes ... decisions to an extent that they have no idea about what are the aftermath of their doings, such as when thousands of sockeye fish were d...

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• Grade Level: High School

... Russian politics from 1919-1953. Specifically, many aspects of the plot of the novel relate to the policies set forth by Stalin during his dictatorship. For example, common aspects in both the novel and history were the purges, the five-year plans, and warfare. Both Stalin and the character Napoleon used purges to consolidate political power. The so-called "second Bolshevik Revolution" was used by ... NEP, "Stalin's objective was to make the Soviet Union a modern industrial power," (105). The odds of this seemed very unlikely, but total output actually increased. However, a weakness of th...

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On December 17, 1999 my entire family immigrated to the United States. We did so mainly for religious reasons since the people of Uzbekistan, a former part of the Soviet Republic and my country of origin, are much less tolerant of Jews than Americans are. One of the key rationales for our emigration from the relatively new-born "democratic" state was the fact that not that many Jews were able to receive higher ... a foreign language spoken only by a small minority of the population. Therefore, unlike many countries that encompass the melting pot of America, within the Republic of Uzbekistan, ...

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... that single handedly fought off all the Axis Powers. We were the last ones to join the Allied Forces, which included Great Britain, and the Soviet Union although our actions were definitely the ones that ceased the war. In conclusion, I do believe that the United States involvements in certain wars were definitely necessary. Our actions changed the course of history for the greater good of humanity. Though it may not have ... pleased everyone, without taking a proactive stance on the situation, the problem could have undoubtedly escalated to uncontrollable proportions and lead to the su...

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... from this conflict Canada would have been the first to go. However Canadians have paid no price for unpreparedness. Fortifications built at Canadian expense serve crowds of tourists as monuments to the bad ideas of the Canadian military. The funding that the Capital might have lavished on defense with is now available to finance the social programs of the 21st century. Many Canadians believe themselves ... to be far way from danger. Most are satisfied to condemn the evils of land mines, nuclear proliferation, and children ... and rescue, disaster assistance, fishery patrols and border g...

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... , mistrust had developed between the Soviet Union and the western Powers. They could not agree on such problems as the post-war treatment of Germany and the future of occupied Soviet territories on the Baltic and in Eastern Europe. The Soviets also hoped for the opening of a second front in Western Europe to relieve German pressure on Russia. The decision to postpone the invasion of France increased Soviet-Western mistrust. The Teheran Conference, November ... 1943 Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin met at the Teheran Conference in Persia (Iran). This was the first meeting of the Big Three ...

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... are shown by the use of propaganda to make the Russians think they have already lost and the bribery used by Major KÖnig to find the whereabouts of Vassili. This film showed me the importance of the Battle of Stalingrad and exactly how the Red Army worked. Before this film, I could not have imagined the brutality used by the Communists on their own soldiers. This film also illustrates the importance of propaganda during a war ... . Keeping spirits high is vital to success, shown by the use of heroic stories of Vassili to keep soldiers fighting ... ...

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... economic relations, established embassies and helped each other or fought in war. After 1648, we could how the development of the international system became a "globalized system". World wars impacted in a global scale, although world ... the United States and the Soviet Union kept on being the two dominant powers of the world. World War 2 caused the end of the European imperialism in the twentieth century. The main consequence that was brought by the European Colonialism was that Europe was no longer the arbiter of world affairs, as people didn't trust them anymore. Cold War was a long...

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... Jane Wyman with whom he had two children, Maureen and Michael. They divorced during World War II while Reagan made training films. He met Nancy Davis, while he was president of the Screen Actors' Guild. He married Nancy Davis in 1952 and had two children, Patricia and Ronald. He began hosting General Electric Theater, which allowed him travel ... %. He sought to stop inflation, decrease unemployment rates, and strengthen national defense. Sandra Day O'Connor was the first women appointed to the Supreme Court, and she was appointed by Reagan. In the fall of 1982, the nation went into rece...

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... had a powerful military, we just didn't use it to attack other countries. Benefits came from being a middle power; we were able to get seats at the council, one of the ten rotating ones, more than any other country. The fact that we were a middle power, our military would be used in various places. This is why peacekeeping became important to us. What showed how ... weapons. We do have nuclear power, just no weapons, as we side on America for the weapons in case of war. Also because of the British Commonwealth, we are able to have ties with India, Hong Kong, and Russia. The most populat...

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... succeed Lenin. But By 1929 Joseph Stalin was in complete control of Russia. Here are the reasons why. Firstly, Stalin's leading rival Leon Trotsky was very arrogant. This made members of the Bolshevist Party and the public dislike him because of his self-importance. Trotsky underestimated Stalin, which led to Stalin winning the leadership of the Bolshevist Party. Secondly, Stalin believed in Socialism in Russia, which ... was a very popular idea with the people. Trotsky believed in a Bolshevist World Revolution, which would make the Soviet people very unhappy because it ... he did not...

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... to US. Yes, I think the American economy can save the rest of the world. The Soviet Union was resolved and the Berlin Wall had fallen down, the World has changed drastically. Europe tried to unit a one large Economic group by making the Euro to be used in associated countries. The Euro seems to play a big role in the world like the US Dollar. In the meantime many undeveloped countries like China ... more years to gain value and to obtain creditability to be a major currency to take a big role like US Dollars. World is getting smaller, one of the reasons is the manufacturing locations hav...

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... France, ordering a general mobilization of the German mobility. 2. Was the war inevitable prior to June 1914? Support your reasoning? No. Before June of 1914, there was no definitive reason for war. But the assassination of Franz Ferdinand was motivation enough to go to war. 3. How did the war affect the role of women in the involved countries? Women on both sides of the war pledged themselves to peace and ... transnational solidarity. During the war, the major feminist groups were committing themselves to supporting ... , hunger played a role in Germany's surrender. 5. Why did the peace...

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... rights issue. Last but not least Eleanor Roosevelt convinced people to vote for Kennedy. Later after severing a few years as president, in the fall of 1963, Dallas, President Kennedy was shot in the back seat of an open-air limousine. Leigh Oswald killed JFK and afterward he was killed by Jack Ruby. John Jr. Kennedy died two years ago. Many believe there is ... some type of spirit haunting the Kennedy's. The CIA, Cubans, military, or mafia could have been behind the assassination of Kennedy. Lyndon Baines Johnson succeeded to the presidency after Kennedy's death. Fidel Castro ceased pow...

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... a private train to ride on to get back. For they knew that if he succeeded in coming to power in Russia he would take Russia out of the war. When Lenin was building up the Bolsheviks lots of people started to look at them more seriously. he exiled revolutionary Leon Trotsky, who arrived in Petrograd in May from America, agreed with Lenin's policy and ... them some thing Trotsky would deliver it to the people. With the both of them working together the Bolshevik were a well oiled machine. Now that Lenin had the help of Trotsky he brought out the three words that would seal the control of...

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... also a vehicle for closer political, economic, and security cooperation in the North Atlantic community. It is a fundamental part of our foreign policy, and will become the foundation of our security system. It is of the utmost importance because while it is technically limited to the North Atlantic area, the treaty countries exercise control over a humungous bulk of the strength of the free world, and what happens in Western Europe has direct and ... immediate political and economic repercussions in Africa, the Middle East, the Far East, and Latin ... ...

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Witch-hunts, as those of colonial Salem, still grip the modern world. The reasons for these occurrences are relatively the same. Whether they are the result of someone's foolishness or someone's inability of finding the source of a problem, these trials still continue all over the world. Even though the hanging tactics are no longer used, even more cruel punishments are awarded for the scapegoats of these prosecutions in today's world. The Holocaust is a grave example ... of a new age witch-hunt ... ...

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... bomb had been of great importance. Though the Allies were the first to develop the bombs, they were not put into use against Hitler, mainly because the unconditional surrender of Germany was accepted more than two months before the bomb was completed. But on June 30th of 1945, President Truman approved the dropping of the first atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. The bomb struck the city on August 6th of 1945, and it ... resulted in 200,000 deaths. The reasons for the attack and the one upon Nagasaki, Japan that followed ... ...

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• Grade Level: High School