... in appalling conditions and production rose only slightly. After the fall of France to Germany in June 1940, the French exiles formed an interim government in French Morocco. Italy was the first nation to start the war on North Africa. The Italians had 250,000 men in Libya and Cyrenaica and further 200,000 in Abyssinia, Eritrea and Italian Somaliland. They menaced communication routes both in the Mediterranean and in the Red Sea. They also ... fight the Italians on Italian soil. African troops were contributors throughout the stages of the war in Europe. Also, many were sent to fight in...

• Word Count: 1556
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... government. They lived near to the North Sea and came to the conclusion that the best possible attempt to escape was the one through the sea to Denmark. Although there were some patrols on the coast and some patrol ships in the sea, it was less risky than other variants. As it was late autumn, they thought nobody would really reckon with an escape through the cold waters of the North Sea. They thought they could ... the sea crossing the illegal zone. They were lucky, there was enough wind for the crossing. On the other hand, though, there were high waves and Dirk had trouble to get on h...

• Word Count: 545
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... on how to solve the problems pertaining to the Aral Sea, so the research the two authors did on this subject is extremely useful and valuable to them. The investigations of the Aral Sea done by the authors analyzed a number of different things. They researched the initial problem for the sea's downfall and discovered why the sea started to shrink. They closely measured the sea's water level and volume several times. The amount of salinity in the water was measured and the effect it had on ... change for people to get on board with due to the country's reliance on cotton sales for foreig...

• Word Count: 1254
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... . In its place a Republic was established. The Revolution threw a challenge to the values of western culture, the fundamental principles of trade and industry, the well-established systems of government, the social, economic and political institutions and the methods of diplomacy. Thus the world was forced to re-evaluate the western values of democracy. The Russian Revolution of 1917 was an event of international significance. It struck terror in the minds of the capitalists all over the world as the Revolution made an irresistible appeal to ... masters had been injected into them. The r...

• Word Count: 1340
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... was one of the large religions even before the soviet rule. The two largest religious conflicts were the one previously stated about the soviet rule and all of the banning's and preventions of most religions in Turkmenistan, and the other is the fight between the Shia and the Sunni (the two branches of the Islamic culture). The Shia Sunni clash consists of almost all of central Asia, the middle east, and northern Africa. This has been happening almost all the way back to the creation of the Islamic culture and is ... and that lead to the fall of the USSR and the rise of the many countri...

• Word Count: 1290
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... Castro is mainly due to the fact that he is scared of the USA missiles located in Turkey, right on the Soviet border. Just like Kennedy, Krushchev ordered the buiding of more weaponry. At this same time Krushchev searched for a base from which he could threaten us form. Cuba in 1959 when Castro came to power was Krushchevs' dream come true In the year 1895 Cuban revolutionaries ... owned most of the land and had a naval port at Guantanamo Bay in Cuba. The USA brought much needed money to Cuba however despite this they still did not like the idea of being controlled by a foreign power. Th...

• Word Count: 4941
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: High School

... the end of the "Old Order". It also marked the rise of communism and fascism. The historical end of the twentieth century was the collapse of the Soviet Union's communist system. Fascism having been defeated with the end of World War II, the end of Soviet communism marked the triumph of democracy. This period of time is historically significant as it spaned over the death of the "Old Order" and the following battle between fascism, communism, and democracy to be the new dominant social system. Congress of Vienna The Congress of ... not to be however, as the advances in weapons and trans...

• Word Count: 2597
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... were people who saw the dropping of the bombs as unnecessary. "It is my opinion that the use of this barbarous weapon at Hiroshima and Nagasaki was of no material assistance in our war against Japan. The Japanese were already defeated and ready to surrender because of the effective sea blockade and the successful bombing with conventional weapons" (Admiral William D.Leahy). Despite the oppositions, most Americans still saw the dropping of the bombs as a victorious act ... special interest. All he said was that he was glad to hear it, and hoped we would make 'good use of it against ...

• Word Count: 1676
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... elaborated more about what apartheid, a policy of segregation and political and economic discrimination against non-European groups in the Republic of South Africa, is and how it is still affecting the people of South Africa even today. Chapter two is mostly about Africa and its affects with the Cold War. He begins with the colonization of Africa and then goes into Africa's many economic problems and walks us through the decolonization. He discusses the politics of Africa and the alliances that are being made. One ... alliance in particular he brings up is the Organization of African Un...

• Word Count: 1114
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... in your own powers you cannot be successful or happy."-- Norman Vincent Peale I was born and raised in what I feel is the greatest country in the world--the former Soviet Union. My life there was happy, and I have many nice memories. One special day was when was I was three years old, and my parents gave me a gift that I will never forget; a large, grey teddy bear which made ... a low bear-like growling sound. That bear meant so much to me because it came from the love of my parents. I was an active child with a variety of interests, and we lived in the countryside, where it was easy to...

• Word Count: 1073
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... question it keeps my mind busy for the last 10 years) become so strong and influential. Let's go back 500 years. Europe was under major conflicts and major social revolutions. Civilizations thousands of years old were either fighting against fresh and aggressive powers (Arabs and later Ottomans), or fighting each other (English - Spanish wars, French imperialism e.t.c). Catholicism, Protestantism and Orthodox Christianity were the worst enemies during 14th century, something ... , Andrew Carnegie built a vast empire of steel mills. Textile mills multiplied in the South, and meatpacking p...

• Word Count: 1609
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... and the end of the novel as the Manor Farm, symbolizes Russia and the Soviet Union under Communist Party rule. But more generally, Animal Farm stands for any human society. The revolution started by the animals parallel the Russian Revolution in its communist ideas and the power of corruption. The resemblance of animals to the political leaders and other persons involved in the Russian Revolution clearly stand out to this day. Old Major, a prize winning boar who started the ideas of the ... revolution died just before the revolution. Old Major was based on the political economist Karl M...

• Word Count: 842
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... Films from Mexico, Spain and the Communist bloc dominate Cuban TV. The U.S. movies are old, with Sherlock Holmes reruns starring Basil Rathbone particularly popular. Barbra Streisand films are an exception to the official preference for violence in U.S. movies. "She is a favorite of our people," a Cuban official says. "Anytime we can get one of her films, it's a cultural event." The majority of cars in Havana are ... been repaired with parts from around the world. One indication of the regard Cubans have for Americans: The highly valued souvenir of a Communist Party member is a baseball...

• Word Count: 1369
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... in the world changed, from the decolonization of Africa and India, Indochina and others, to the incredibly important invention of computers and other technological advances in the later days of the so-called war. We were also tested in many ways: the Korean and Vietnam wars, the bloody wars for independence in countries such as Indonesia and Angola, and my current topic, the Cuban missile crisis. Of all the situations during the cold war, none of them ranks as high as the missile ... [non monetary] and love of the state? I think you attribute captialist (sic) ideas to communism, and tha...

• Word Count: 1396
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... This lead to the arrest and of long prison sentences of 19 members of the old left opposition, including Zinoviev, Kamenev. Stalin claimed that the old left opposition with a "Leningrad Opposition center" was conspiring against him and the communist party and that Kirov murder was connected to this. Following this the NKVD arrested other members of the Old Left Opposition. The Purge of the party did not and here. Letters were ... or arrested for vague accusation such as links with Kirov's murder, political crimes and disloyal to the USSR. But still people thought of the Stalin as the g...

• Word Count: 1274
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... our moon has always been a dream of the entire world. President Kennedy had shown the world that this dream could become a reality. It was the mission of Apollo 11 to land two men on the moon, and then return them safely to Earth. As we look back in time this was amongst the most memorable accomplishments of mankind. This demonstrates what man can do with perseverance and unbreakable determination, along with much research ... , time and resources. The "space race" started with the Sputnik satellite. The U.S. put a man on the moon ... ...

• Word Count: 993
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... by 35%. He sought to stop inflation, decrease unemployment rates, and strengthen national defense. Sandra Day O'Connor was the first women appointed to the Supreme Court, and she was appointed by Reagan. In the fall of 1982, the nation went into recession and as many as 9 million people were unemployed. Among the recession, tax reductions, and increase in defense there was a 189 billion dollar gap, but ... of Strategic Defense Initiative, or "Star Wars", Reagan asked the scientific community to find a way to make nuclear warfare obsolete. Reagan believed the key to good foreign affairs w...

• Word Count: 700
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... of St. Petersburg. As the civil war developed, the whole family was sent to Tolbolsk in Siberia and from here to Ekateringburg in the Urals. It seemed as if all of them guessed their fate, but not one of them uttered a single sound. At this moment eleven men entered the room: Yurovsky (an Old Bolshevik), his assistant, two members of the Extraordinary Commission.The execution had taken place, all the members of the ... attack on Russian warships at Port Arthur, sinking two of the ships and blockading the harbor. Well-prepared Japanese troops also swarmed the Russian infantry at various po...

• Word Count: 1936
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... of the capitalists and the middle classes. Th! e provisional government wanted to stop the revolution after the overthrow of the Tsar. They felt that Russia should become a democracy along the lines of France or the USA. but the people of Russia wanted a complete purging of the old system. They wanted all land to the peasants and all factories to the workers. They wanted to rip apart the fabric of the old society and replace it with a world that guaranteed the same rights and privileges to all. The ... to build something special. It is the spirit and ideals of the Russian people that en...

• Word Count: 1279
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... person can have more material goods and be his equal. The main reason for the Bay of Pigs attack on Cuba was the change to communism. On January 1, 1959, Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista fled the country for the safety of the Dominican Republic (Goode, Stephen 75). Fidel Castro and his guerrilla warriors overthrew the old government dictated by Batista. During the next couple of weeks, Castro established a new government and on February 16, he was ... time zones (Goode, Stephen 81 & 82). Of the 1,500 troops the army had at first, only 1,297 made it to Cuba. The others were killed at sea...

• Word Count: 1774
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... later became a talented man who appealed to and charmed many people. Ronald's mother, Nelle, taught him values, and held the family together. She "drilled into her sons the value of education, read to them at night, and took the boys to church several times a week" (p.7). His mother was an optimistic person who looked for the good in all people. She also "taught him to dream, and to expect those dreams ... well with Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev to bring the cold war to an end because they both wanted to bring the cold war to an end. Reagan's dream was to "become a world free of nucl...

• Word Count: 1676
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... borders on the Black Sea. This country was a part of the Soviet Union from 1917 until 1991. The Soviet Union was a communist country, and took over many smaller countries over the years. The Ukraine was one of those countries. In 1991, the Soviet Union was overthrown, and the Ukraine became free. The Ukraine is a little smaller than the state of Texas, but larger than France. The Carpathian Mountains are in the Ukraine. The climate in the Ukraine is called ... wheat, corn, rye, potatoes and flax. Most of the Ukraine is made up of fertile plains called steppes. The 3 rivers in the Ukrain...

• Word Count: 652
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... the country and transport and communications flourished with huge new waterways being built e.g. Baltic- White Sea Canal and the Moscow- Volga Canal. Russia was only importing 10% of farm machinery needed compared to the 80% imported in the beginning of the plans. Production doubled in electricity, coal and steel industries and there was virtually no unemployment. Education and healthcare was made available and ... old party members as traitors. They were charged with many crimes, such as plotting industrial sabotage, collaborating with Trotsky to restore capitalism in the Soviet Union a...

• Word Count: 2886
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... do not adhere to the old "us and them" theory. It is no longer a fight between the communist and capitalist societies. While more nations have the technology to make nuclear warheads, many do not due to political pressure. The most common reason for the development of nuclear warheads is to prove a said nation's ability to do so. For example, South Africa developed the technology to produce nuclear missiles, and then dismantled them ... . (1) In doing so it became the first nation to voluntarily ... ...

• Word Count: 1452
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... announced plans to make Cuba a socialist nation. The "New Man theory" was a new mind set into transforming Cuba into a communist nation. All political parties were disbanded the state controlled the press. Castro's communist regime government did introduce the much needed health call, and education during its first four decades. Today the majority of the population remains dirt poor, everything from gasoline to ... support to revolutionary movements in Latin America as well as Africa. (Microsoft Encarta 00") "Castro created a one party dictatorial control over all Cuba's political, econom...

• Word Count: 1660
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School