... result," said Ketanji Brown Jackson, the commission's vice chairman (Serrano). The law will go into effect in November barring that Congress does not veto it, although that is highly unlikely. The average crack sentence will be reduced by about 37 months, which could save more than $200 million in the next five years according to the federal Bureau of Prisons. Almost ... six percent of the federal inmate population will be released. However, the reductions are not made automatically to every prisoner. Each ... . Inmates convicted under state law will not be eligible either (Serrano). Th...

• Word Count: 790
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of which are known to cause cancer. Marijuana smoke contains THC and CDC, which are not linked to any kind of precancerous changes in the human body. With this being said, it is safer to smoke marijuana than cigarettes because you are at a much lower risk of developing ... other smoke related disease. There are approximately 7.5 million cancer related deaths each year. The government should be attempting to lower this number by making cigarettes illegal, or by making marijuana legal so those that feel the need to smoke can smoke something much less harmful. Each year approximately 20,000 ...

• Word Count: 562
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... tackles two main reasons. These include social relations and normative values. Social relations refers to the way social groups influence people. They do so through rewarding and punishing members of their group "either by withholding or conferring signs of group status and respect, or more directly by channeling material resources toward or away from particular members (475)." Also included in social ... relations is the fact that people do not commit crimes because their family and friends would look down ... to obey legal authorities because it is right to do so. Even though the stud...

• Word Count: 439
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Sacred law taught what was acceptable behavior, enforced customary laws, governed the land, and oversaw the performance of rituals - this oversight was entrusted to the elders of each tribe. Secular law emphasized the responsibilities and rights of individuals in the tribe and in their respective families. It also reinforced the importance of their land for clan and individual purposes. Perhaps most importantly, secular law placed parental and ... Sentencing involves taking a sentencing court to the local community, where the magistrate and the community sit in a circle, discuss the ma...

• Word Count: 1027
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Texas judge William Adams, who ironically presides over child abuse cases, caused uproar when daughter Hillary Adams uploaded a video on YouTube of him savagely beating her with a belt when she was sixteen years old. According to Hillary, the abuse was not a one-time thing. Her mother, Hallie Adams who has since divorced William, claimed that her ex-husband had bouts of violence caused by his "addiction," which they kept as a "family secret" for a long time. Because the statute of limitations has lapsed, William cannot be charged with child abuse, although it is yet to be seen whether his care...

• Word Count: 531
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Within this essay is an argument in favor of the legalization of marijuana. Marijuana should be legalized. There are many arguments made against the liberation of laws upon marijuana and one of the more popular would be the health risk. These arguments usually take place with someone who does not know the facts firsthand and there for exaggerate a little. It has been said that one marijuana ... to ice' pot smokers use harder drugs because they are available when they buy pot on the black market so they decide to try it. Marijuana would be more widely available to children. The truth is...

• Word Count: 898
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of corrupt political figures, he was the best candidate for a new France. Once in power, Napoleon saw the need to draft a new constitution to keep his people content and at the same time reinforce his position as ruler of france. With the Code Napoleon, he sought to give france one uniform set of laws, and to maintain social stability by providing his citizens with something they ... 've not been guaranteed before. The Code Napoleon ... of individuals to choose their own profession. Every citizen was also give the right to personal status, property, and the aquisition of property. The c...

• Word Count: 295
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In 1777, the Continental Congress drafted the original constitution, for the union of the 13 founding states. This was known as the Articles of Confederation. Led by John Dickinson, the Congress designed a loose confederation, rather than a strong and centralized nation. This document encompasses many significant terms, but also includes a few weaknesses. However, the problems that arose in the Articles, were addressed in the newly drafted Constitution. The Constitution was the following document drafted by the Constitutional ... Convention in 1789, which revitalized the previous ... ...

• Word Count: 503
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... guilty" or "not guilty". Presently, juries are becoming rare as less criminal and civil cases now oblige "trial by jury". The question at hand trivializes whether the jury still remains a significant part of civic participation in our justice system or has the judicial method outlived its expediency? It appears apparently so. Juries play a considerable role within criminal and civil cases. ... Civil law concerns arguments between organizations and/or individuals, whereas criminal law engages the conviction of an offence. The severities of punishments are higher for criminal cases than ci...

• Word Count: 560
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... two jobs, be exhausted and still have to pay for childcare. "A woman's place is in the home"- this statement is baseless and out of date. The world cannot be run by arrogant and intrusive men who make up fifty percent of the world's population. How can half the people operate the world? This is clearly shown from the fact that almost all third world nation women are forced ... to stay in the kitchen and bring up children, which is why those countries are economically struggling. For a nation to succeed, the men and ... human rights, subjected to violence and frequently treated as less ...

• Word Count: 461
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... as muscle relaxant and has antispasmodic qualities which have proven to be a very effective treatment of seizures, it helps to stop the neurological effects and muscle spasms that are caused for sclerosis and helps to fight IBS and Crohn's symptoms of the chronic diseases as it stops nausea, pain, and diarrhea. It's also true that marijuana now days is more consumed and approved ... by people. "Addiction" is no longer a term in medical use; the most common terms are "abuse" and "dependence," where ... to go to war and relatively is permitted to kill, without mention that you can join t...

• Word Count: 512
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... there is evidence for the "insanity defense". Psychologists also examine all the existing evidence surrounding the case, and all past evidence pertaining to the individual's history of mental illness. Psychologists offer their opinions, based on examination of all the information surrounding the case. Although, Psychologist may examine the individual and testify in court, the final decision is a legal one, made by the courts based on the legal proceeding. If the plea of insanity ... is made, the courts determines that a reasonable basis exists to support the plea, then the courts may co...

• Word Count: 613
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ("EU") has implemented a "Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union" in which it identifies that "[e]veryone has the right to the protection of personal data concerning him or her" and that "[s]uch data must be processed fairly for specified purposes and on the basis of the consent of the person concerned or some other legitimate basis laid down by law ("CURIA - Documents")." Likewise, this reinforces Directive ... 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 October 1995 on the safeguarding a person's rights in handling personal data and the unrestricted movem...

• Word Count: 459
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Every six years our Florida Supreme Court justices are brought up for "merit retention." Since the 1970's, Florida citizens have had the power to retain or remove judges during each election year. (Booth) Three Supreme Court justices by the name of Barbara Pariente, Peggy Quince, and Fred Lewis are being targeted for trying to use political efforts to restore the courts. I do believe that politics played a role in ... the decision to place the three Florida Supreme Court justices up for retention because with the judicial system politics is apart of what maintains the checks and balances of w...

• Word Count: 432
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Arguments for why Reconstruction was not a failure The Reconstruction implemented by Congress reorganized the Southern states after the Civil War, readmitted them into the Union, and defined the means by which whites and blacks could live together in a non-slave society. Reconstruction was successful because it accomplished what it achieved, reintegration of African-Americans into the American political and social society. African Americans enjoyed a period when they were allowed to ... state constitutional conventions. Most importantly, African-Americans could make decisions for themselves w...

• Word Count: 269
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... lawyers, judges and so on who attend in the courtroom are susceptible to feeling uncomfortable because they are very conscious of cameras in the courtroom as human natures. Furthermore, the presence of TV cameras of court proceedings may infringe upon the privacy right of plaintiff. For example, most victims of the sexual assault cases dislike appearing in the public. Based on these three aspects, it ... is unwise to put TV cameras in the courtroom. Another reason why I advocate the above mention is that ... case will come out. The photographs and word-by-word reporting of those facts w...

• Word Count: 569
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , saying that it could throw legal doubts over partner benefits for even straight couples who are not yet married. The campaign, SayNo2, was managed by Michael Kenny, who admitted that the votes for the ban would end up being very close. Opponents of the ban also were supported greatly by accepting individual donations from the wealthy, and support from the Human Rights Campaign, a powerful gay-rights organization involved heavily in ... legal affairs. Amendment 2 was advertised greatly and fought hard over the television and airwaves, with ... ...

• Word Count: 363
• Approx Pages: 1
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to be laws, and that is why the legislative assembly existed. So people could abide by those laws be punished accordingly. In addition, the lower houses of the colonial assemblies were the equivalents of the British House of Commons. They were composed of elected representatives from local constituencies, they were the primary instruments for the expression of political demands. Quite possibly the most significance between Colonial Politics and Contemporary Politics ... is the separation of politics and religion. Colonial politics ... ...

• Word Count: 394
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... be attributed on the lack of freedoms for judges to discover the truth as they are bind by the evidence provided. This is caused by the etiquette of the system as parties are allowed to control their arguments by presenting only evidence beneficial to their case to the jury and the judge. Similarly the encouragement of unfair litigation tactics can possibly sway the judge and the jury from the truth. In contrast the inquisitorial system allows ... the judge to investigate until the truth ... ...

• Word Count: 594
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... immigration law is completely obtrusive to an immigrant's life, affecting each aspect from employment to housing to transportation to education (Winter). Opponents of the law argue that by requiring schools to check the immigration status of their students, unauthorized immigrants will simply not enroll their children in school (Johnson). After a nine-hour meeting in federal court in Birmingham, Judge Blackburn ... . Charles Kuck, an immigration attorney in Georgia, sees Blackburn's hesitation as a good sign for both Alabama and Georgia, citing that state laws interfere with federal law...

• Word Count: 844
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... : In an effort to broaden my ability to debate arguments and gain a broader perspective of legal opinions, I have chosen to take the dissenting view to this issue rather than the more common assenting view. In the field of law enforcement, one of the most difficult undertakings is the gathering of usable evidence without violating a defendant's constitutional rights. . Unfortunately, many would-be defendants" basic constitutional rights are ... preliminary approval from certain IRS officials prior to the actual surveillance taking place. This did not happen in the case of Caceres. Fortun...

• Word Count: 2672
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , while not infallible, we all avow to follow. The structure of the court system and the practice of a trial by peers preclude the question of the inherent fairness of the system; the people within the system, not the system itself, must be the true bastions of judgement. Hollenbach and Minow convey a sense of inaccuracy regarding the legal system, suggesting that it is skewed to the point where it no longer promotes justice. However ... defined. And who better to do the defining than those who have been before us and set court precedents. Justice will be done in every case, for that is ...

• Word Count: 684
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... citizens are expected to actively partake in political activities. Ordinary people can shape public policy by voting, donating to campaigns, writing letters, and even running in elections. With so many opportunities for people to participate in the political process, why do some choose to sit and observe from the sidelines? Some say it is lack of time or information that causes them to not ... November 25, 2002, sixty percent of American citizens said they do not involve themselves in politics because they feel the government tries to regulate too much of their lives. Since many people ...

• Word Count: 706
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , companies such as Microsoft and Apple, and the American Library Association. The opponents of the CDA argued that the law was censorship and violated their First Amendment rights by restricting their communication with adults. By banning adult material, the law impermissibly reduced the adult population to "only what is fit for children". They also claimed that the CDA was overbroad, vague and unenforceable. The CDA loosely defined indecency as material that ... is "patently offensive" by "contemporary community standards", which leaves the law open for abuse. Opponents of the CDA obje...

• Word Count: 427
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives. (2) - Everyone has the right of equal access to public service in his country. (3) - The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures" (Universal Declaration ... working on in her speech: "Man's desire for peace lies behind this Declaration. The realization that the flagrant violation of human rights by Nazi and Fascist c...

• Word Count: 2093
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate