... More Law Center v. Obama said, "The minimum coverage provision regulates activity that is decidedly economic. Consumption of health care falls squarely within (Supreme Court precedent's) definition of economics, and virtually every individual in this country consumes these services. Congress had a rational basis for concluding that the minimum coverage provision is essential to the Affordable Care Act's larger reforms to the ... case against the mandate. Most legal experts and other litigants involved in healthcare lawsuits predict that the constitutionality of the Patient Protection a...

• Word Count: 773
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Following a series of political assassinations of Afghanistan's political leaders, the United States' military officers have seen dramatic improvement in securing the country. Following the assassination of Osama bin Laden, President Obama announced the hasty drawdown of the extra "surge" troops he ordered to finish off the al-Qaeda regime. However, there have been several recent acts of violence that have some officials worried. Following the assassination of Ahmed Wali Karzai, the president's half-brother, a suicide car bomber attacked a police headquarters, killing twelve policemen and a ch...

• Word Count: 527
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... openings nationwide and weakened his job approval standing with the public. Obama vowed to begin a $500 million initiative which will use technological innovations to create jobs and spur growth in clean energy and advanced manufacturing. To reach these goals, the government will join teams with universities and corporations to jumpstart the manufacturing sector, specifically targeting cutting-edge research and ... During his visit, Obama was inspired by mini-robots that explored water and sewer pipes (Kuhnhnen). Pittsburgh is an important city for Obama's plan to build up the middle cla...

• Word Count: 548
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... too fast. On the other hand, they have also criticized Republicans for contradicting the conservative principles that the party was founded on by spending too much money when they were in power also (Spillius). At Tea Party gatherings, many advocate doing away with the Federal Reserve, the federal income tax, countless agencies, bailouts, and stimulus packages. Some even call for the ... , and Medicaid. They remedy the problems caused by the recession with secession, tax boycotts, states nullifying federal laws, and citizen militias. Although many of the Tea Party groups differ slightly ...

• Word Count: 816
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... will be no time to waste when he gets there. The new president will be facing the challenges of having to deal with two wars in which his country is embroiled, ensuring his country are safe from the threat of terrorism, and work toward helping the United States economy break ... hold true, that could be done within 16 months of his taking office. Obama will also have to address the problem of terrorism. Historically, transitions in the American government, when the government is assumed to be at its weakest, have been prime striking moments for terrorists to launch attacks. Even the ......

• Word Count: 534
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of the al-Hashid tribe whose forces oppose the government. The previous day security forces set fire to tents and tore through demonstrators' camps in Freedom Square in Taiz with bulldozers (Sudam). A government spokesman, Abdu Ganadi, said protestors' tents were burned by people attacked by the protestors, and ... be deterred (Jamjoom). "Our revolution will not stop even if hundreds are killed every day," claimed Sameer Al-Samaee, a leading youth activist in Taiz. "Killing innocent civilians always leads to war crime charges and that is what we are seeking for Saleh" (Jamjoom). The day...

• Word Count: 552
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... segregation was "inherently unequal". Although the court ruled in strong language, it did not do so in terms of enforcement, and President Eisenhower, a Texan, was weary to use his power to do so. As a result, responsibility fell upon the black and northern white youths to effect a real change. They did so by following Martin Luther King's philosophy of passive, non-violent, ... civil disobedience. This resulted in countless sit-ins and other demonstrations, such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, where the segregationist "Jim Crow" laws of the South were challenged and ... Constitution, th...

• Word Count: 3509
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... generation of education reformers attacked the tradition of disjointed and localized education. Prominent American educators, such as Horace Mann in Massachusetts and Henry Barnard in Connecticut, sought to increase educational opportunity for all children by creating the common-school movement. In 1837 Mann became secretary of the board of education in Massachusetts and supervised the creation of a statewide common-school system. Barnard led similar efforts ... expenditures for white schools routinely exceeded expenditures for black schools. Teachers in white schools generally received...

• Word Count: 7852
• Approx Pages: 31
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , Black Americans would see a "second wave- of African-Americans enter the picture. Oscar DePriest, a Republican was elected from an inner city Chicago district. In 1934 he was defeated by Arthur Mitchell who was then the first black Democrat elected to Congress. A decade later, Adam Clayton Powell Jr. would be elected to Congress, marking the first time since 1891 there was ... and 1960 Congress had passed laws to protect the rights of black voters, and the 24th amendment (1964) banned the use of poll taxes in federal elections. In March 1965 Martin Luther King, Jr., led a march from S...

• Word Count: 4202
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the English way of life were intrigues. Algonquian leaders were greatly angered by the effect such goals were having on the Indian people. As the English gained power, the sachem (a king-like title among the Algonquian people) lost power, and as the Christian Church gained power, the medicine men, or powwaws, would lose their grip on the Algonquian spirituality. (Lepore ... 28) This angered Metacomet, sachem of the Algonquains, (also known as King Philip), to organize a party devoted to a forceful rebellion. John Sassamon, a devoted Indian Christian and a former friend and advisor to Me...

• Word Count: 2068
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Europe. (Eskridge 17) More recent evidence of gay marriages has been found in colonial America, as well as during the twentieth century in East Coast communities such as Boston and Harlem. During both world wars, official marriage certificates could be obtained for gay couples in Harlem on a somewhat legal basis. (Eskridge 39-44) Despite the evidence of these fairly common unions, many of our ... law makers strongly oppose the legalization of the practice in America, based on the opinion that as heterosexuals they hold a sexual and therefore social superiority to ... does not provide f...

• Word Count: 1519
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a failure to adequately consider the risks (Mcafee2). This may prove costly, because these risks have substantially increased in recent years. In 1991, Congress amended Title VII to permit victims of sexual harassment to recover damages (including punitive damages) under Federal Law. Moreover in 1993, the U.S. Supreme Court broadened the reach of this law by making it easier to prove injury. As a result, sexual harassment ... in the work place presents a clear and present danger to businesses. Companies must act now; otherwise they face increasing risk of ... harassment. Power provides...

• Word Count: 4035
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... vs Maryland (1819), Dartmouth College vs Woodward (1819) and Gibbons vs Ogden (1824) were cases that displayed the need for federal government involvement and stability in order to create a basis for the nation's economy. In 1819, the court case of McCulloch vs Maryland, the state of Maryland decided that the Second National Bank of the United States were to be taxed by them ... would continue to be a private institution. The court ruled that the charter was a contract and it could not be violated, because of the contract clause. The contract was between Dartmouth and the King of Englan...

• Word Count: 896
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and Boston carried to investigate the jobs of the nationalistic Indian Mohandas Gandhi, whose ideas became the center of its own not violent philosophy of protest. In 1954 King accepted the appointment of shepherd in the Church Baptists of Dexter Avenue in Montgomery (Alabama). That same year, the Most supreme Court of United States prohibited the public education segregationist that they maintained numerous south states ... being denied to leave his seat to a white passenger. During the protest of 381 days, King was arrested and imprisoned, his dwelling was destroyed and received many th...

• Word Count: 939
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... heterosexuals do. As of May 21, 2013, 13 states and 13 countries such as Vermont, Connecticut, Sweden, Canada, and South Africa allow same sex couples to be legally married. (ProCon.org, 2012). In my opinion I believe that homosexual couples should be able to get married and have the same ... advantages that couples gets from being married to each other. According to Drake Law Review [marriage provides economic benefits for married couples and their families in many direct and indirect ways. On a direct level, third parties, such as the state and employers, often provide benefits for th...

• Word Count: 1404
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... their relationship with California affiliates to avoid having to collect the tax. Amazon used the same tactic after facing similar laws in Illinois, Arkansas, and Connecticut. Amazon is currently contesting a similar law in New York, so this matter may soon reach the U.S. Supreme Court (Hull). However, Amazon's tactic of pulling out of states that enforce the law may not be enough. A ... second provision forces retailers with a subsidiary based in California to collect the tax also. Amazon's Lab126 that produces Kindle ebooks is located in Cupertino, and ... several other subsidiaries a...

• Word Count: 791
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... evolution through the continuous improvements which have been made; even today the education sector needs to be improved for effective education systems. Martin Luther King addressed issues in his book "I Need a Dream" which he felt must be changed within America so as to be considered the great nation of ... other problems which may also require attention. The problem was experienced in the Texas when a white missed a course within the university due to the preferences which are given to the races; the student sued the board and the court scheduled to hear the case, there was an appeal...

• Word Count: 1256
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... should be evaluated based on their job performance and not their sexual orientation or religion. While reading the article, "Religion in the workplace", I came across some very valid points on how companies can approach religion in the workplace. Some of these points include spreading the word; being specific; being fair; educating yourself; sharing information. ... weren't many laws to protect them from that. Times are changing now. According to the article Sexual Orientation Discrimination in the Workplace, there are 13 states that have laws prohibiting sexual orientation discriminatio...

• Word Count: 360
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... H2-A temporary visa system to better suit worker rights, should be a top priority for state legislatures in all fifty states, the U.S. Department of Labor, and eventually the members of the Supreme Court. Since colonial times, Americans have searched for ways to maximize their profits, even if the means ... a revolution that was gaining traction, but desperately needed their own Martin Luther King or Malcolm X-like figure, meaning they needed a poster person: a clear and outspoken leader for this revolution, as it clearly was becoming in this time frame. The 1970s proved to be the perfe...

• Word Count: 5001
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and academia held the first National Information Technology Workforce convention January 2000. Leadership from Information Technology Association of America, the U. S. Commerce, and U. S. Department of Education, in teamwork to examine the root causes of the skills gap and reiterated the need for public/private partnerships to address the issue. Reports from task forces described the effects of ... time on the machine "futzing' with the computer (the downtime spent loading or changing software, organizing files and tweaking). The other culprit in the productivity paradox is communication...

• Word Count: 5590
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Just days after a federal court in Washington, DC found that Texas' redistricting maps were discriminatory, another three-judge panel in the nation's capitol found that it was unlawful to require voters to present photo ID's to election officials before they would be allowed to vote in the upcoming presidential elections in November. The three judges unanimously decided that the law imposes "strict, ... Department's civil rights division. Section 5 of the act requires 16 southern states who have a history of discriminating against minorities to obtain clearance from the Justice Department or...

• Word Count: 786
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... has been pending since June of 2011, the state of Texas' voting districts were brought before a federal court because they do not comply with the federal Voting Rights Act. In a 154-page opinion, the US District Court in Washington reported that Texas' state prosecutors did not prove that Texas lawmakers did not draw the new congressional and state Senate districts "without discriminatory purposes" ... ). Because they were not first cleared by the Justice Department, the maps drawn by the Legislature in 2011 violate the act and cannot, therefore, be used in upcoming elections. For the pr...

• Word Count: 804
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... interpretation of the Constitution (it doesn't make laws), and its rulings are often restrained by judicial review. Alexander Hamilton laid the foundation for the Supreme Court's purpose in his Federalist 78 dissertation. Hamilton stated that the Supreme Court is an "excellent barrier to the encroachments and oppressions of the representative body to secure a steady, upright, and impartial administration of the laws." (Woll 410 ... the Senate. (Greenberg and Page 428) The President is nationally elected by voters; his judgment should be one that is trusted. We elect the President, he su...

• Word Count: 1608
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Barnette. The first case to be discussed is the West Virginia Board of Education verses Barnette. This is one of the earliest cases involving the First Amendment and education, the court rulled in the favor of Barnette that students may not be forced to salute the flag if it violates their religious principles ... decision and found for Barnette on the basis that the flag pledges constituted expressions of opinion which were protected by the First Amendment the Free Speech Clause. In choosing the free speech clause, the court avoided dealing directly with the reversal if Gobitis, where ...

• Word Count: 562
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... be for a maximum of ten years as this leaves opportunites for other judges, opportunities for the introduction of new laws, and ensures a postive and healthy morale within the Court. The justices in the Supreme Court of Canada are by the constitution, appointed by the Prime Minister. This method of appointing should be changed to include the people of Canada as the justices that ... ensure that, as Phillip Crawley said, "there are no unpleasant surprises waiting should this or that candidate be elevated." Justices of the Supreme Court are able to stay in power until the age of seventy f...

• Word Count: 806
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate