... two of the twentieth century's most famous single-party leaders; Adolf Hitler and Mao Zedong. These two men, leaders of fascist Nazi Germany and Communist China respectively, both sought to make sure that within the borders of their nations, every citizen followed their rule. They consolidated their power by ... to improve his regime by hearing out the concerns and criticisms of the intellectuals. However, things got out of hand as Mao's CCP (Chinese Communist Party) realized that their power was being undermined. This led to a purge of these intellectuals during the Anti-Rightist Campaig...

• Word Count: 1191
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... totalitarian power continued with the constitution of the "Enabling Act", which proposed Hitler the power to make decrees with the status of law; ending elections and forbidding communist members in the Reichstag. Hitler systematically took control of the state government by using this method, and eventually German democracy was terminated. Thus by transforming the Reichstag in ... anyone suspected of opposing Nazism. But it was mainly the Jews who were imprisoned in these camps, where they encountered either assassination or forced labour. Fascist and totalitarian ideologies are indica...

• Word Count: 1125
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... demonstrate them using historical facts from Germany's foreign policy, focusing more on intentionalist perspective. All these will lead to a conclusion. Nazism or National Socialism was the racist, antisemitic, and anti-communist ideology as well as the totalitarian policy of Nazi Germany. Those characteristics were applied during the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler in the German state between 1933 and 1945. In 1921 ... an alliance treaty in 1938 called the Rome-Berlin Axis. Not only that the countries were both involved in the Spanish Civil War, but they also shared some similar totalitar...

• Word Count: 1835
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... August 1934 is astounding." The rapid transformation was brought about by a combination of pseudo-legal measures, terror, manipulation, and willing collaboration. "By February 28th Hitler had convinced Hindenburg that the communist menace required another emergency decree to defend public order and security." Civil liberties as protected under the Weimar Constitution were distinguished. Within two months, political opponents were either imprisoned or ... crisis since the early years of the party". This type of practice was used to govern the Third Reich. Hitler wanted a strong power bas...

• Word Count: 1213
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Lebensraum, and his revelations of his beliefs in his book Mein Kampf, the German people had the fundamental evidence of what Hitler's true ideologies for Germany were and the consequences of what would happen if he were to eventually come to power. Hitler's worldview or Weltanschauung was created ... aggression against other nations that would inevitably turn into violence and hostility if he were to be elected into power and be able to make his ideologies a reality. It was in cosmopolitan Vienna where Hitler's beliefs commenced to take form and "he began to indulge in grandiose dreams ...

• Word Count: 2008
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... parties, they still followed similar philosophical beliefs. Furthermore, these beliefs all revolved around a form of totalitarian rule, just on different levels. Thus, Hitler's Nazi Party and Stalin's Communist Party were examples of true totalitarianism while Mussolini's Fascist Party also was indeed totalitarian, just of a lesser breed. Living from1889 to 1945, Adolf Hitler was a powerful leader who ... . Before this group gained power, Germany was suffering from the Great Depression, especially because of problems such as inflation and unemployment. Also, numerous conservatives were ...

• Word Count: 1030
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to restore Germany to a position of international prestige with force and aggression being necessary components to implement this. The ideologies Hitler so greatly believed in were, greater Germany, lebensraum, autarky, social Darwinism, and the rejection of the treaty of Versailles. These ideologies were Hitler's plans for Germany from the first moment he came to power and an overriding ambition for his German ... main goal of the Nazi economic policies". His opinion is a confirmation that this ideology influenced Hitler into adopting it into his foreign policy, thereby creating a &apo...

• Word Count: 896
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... that encouraged the initial success of Hitler during the rise of fascism in Germany during the 1920's. January 5th 1919 saw an unprepared and badly staged Spartacist putsch, where the communist's led by 'Red Rosa' Luxemburg, captured the headquarters of the governments newspapers and the telegraph bureau. The Spartacist rising was easily crushed by the Freikorps. By January 15th ... the Spartacists were defeated completely, with one hundred (100) Spartacists having been killed, compared to only thirteen (13 ) Freikorps. Most importantly, Rosa Luxemburg and fellow Spartacist Communist lea...

• Word Count: 2982
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in Italy in May 1923 as a term of abuse against Mussolini's Fascist government. In England in 1929 the term was used to describe both Fascist (Italy and later Germany) and Communist (Soviet Union) states. Indeed, these countries were ruled by a single mass party controlling the economy, the media and the arms of a state controlled through terror and a fixed ideology ; which, according ... to Carl Friedrich (a political thinker), define the features of a totalitarian state. Looking at Hitler's Germany, one can say that it stands for a good example of a totalitarian state. The dominance o...

• Word Count: 2961
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Blomberg, he told General Francisco Franco on 26th July 1936 that Germany would support his rebellion. Hitler justified his decision by arguing that he was attempting to save Europe from "communist barbarism". Another reason was that it brought Germany closer to Italy, a country that was also supporting the military uprising in Spain. Hitler also knew that a Nationalist victory would give ... the political left established in January of 1936 by Manuel Azaña to fight the national elections due to take place in February(Spanish). This included the Socialist Party (PSOE), Communist Party...

• Word Count: 3763
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Germany. These incidents include the great depts. Germany had after the Treaty of Versailles (Political Deal making), the great depression of 1929 (Germany at the time), and the fear of Communist rule in Germany, which increased the Nazi followers (Nazi Popularity). All these conditions aided Hitler to rise into power in Germany, however, the relative importance of these conditions, lay on ... Hitler to rise to power was the boost of followers that the Nazi party had after 1928. The fear of Communist rule in Germany made followers turn to the Nazi Government. "Ultimately, it may well be...

• Word Count: 485
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... before the election, after heavy campaigning and national rallies, an arguably important factor to the first steps of Hitler's control occurred – the Reichstag Fire. Hitler, blaming it as a 'communist plot' saw for a Law for the Protection of the People and State to be necessary. Hindenburg passed this law, now banning any ... communist and socialist activity, with over four thousand thrown in prison and the Nazi Storm Troopers (Sturmabteilung – SA) communist supporters up in the streets, creating an atmosphere of fear against the Nazi Party, silencing anyone who was to speak a...

• Word Count: 1292
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... hatred. In Nazi Germany Joseph Goebbels was in charge of propaganda. On February 27th 1933 the Reichstag building went up in flames. Hitler said that Marianus van der Lubbe, a Dutch, communist was the culprit. This resulted in the German people fearing a hostile take over from the Communists and therefore President von Hindenburg signed for an emergency decree for The Protection of ... against them and by doing this he gained their trust, he then exploited their trust by manipulating people into thinking that the Communists were coming for them. By using anti-communist propaganda he wou...

• Word Count: 2000
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... or her beliefs without being caught by the Secret Police State organization. "Opposing the Nazi Government brought the risk of denunciation." The left wing communist party on the other hand was demolished by clever manipulation. When a former communist burnt down the Reichstag, Hitler convinced the nation that this event was proof that communists were a threat to Germany. A decree for the Protection of ... the Reich) was passed. This abolished the Reichstag and changed the entire German constitution in Hitler's favour. It allowed him to become a dictator and completely outlaw his main o...

• Word Count: 1674
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... millions of SA members, whilst the KPD also had a huge paramilitary organisation. This meant Hindenburg had little choice but to appoint Hitler, as other plans had failed and the potential communist takeover was far worse than the Nazis in his eyes. As a right wing, old order conservative himself, it is likely that Hindenburg saw Hitler as the best of a bad number ... well short of a Reichstag majority. Instead it was the failure of other plans, as well as the potential for far worse outcomes in the President's eyes like civil war or a communist revolution which led to Hitler becoming c...

• Word Count: 1162
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Germany. This led to uprisings from these two sections of society. For example the Sparticast uprising was due to communists who wanted to overthrow the Weimer regime and set up a communist state. When the Weimer republic did show strength like when it crushed the Sparticist Rebellion by using the Freikorps, it was forced to disband the Freikops by the orders of ... ridiculous, although people who had taken out large loans (such as industrialists who were mostly against the Weimar Republic and on the side of the right since they feared the communist and their anti-capitalism) benefited,...

• Word Count: 2027
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... democratic ideals (all new states which emerged from the war, initially were dedicated to democracy. In addition one of the most important happenings was the creation of the world's first communist state. People were mostly looking for someone to blame for the war thus there was a general desire to reconstruct, repair, restore, recover and repay, in other words to turn back ... , after the letdown of the US to guarantee French security, was left with fear of a possible future German attack. The Eastern countries, like the French, feared both a German invasion and a communist advance west...

• Word Count: 1920
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... wing. Only in Bavaria did the communists gain control, setting up a republic in March 1919 which was ruthlessly crushed by the Freikorps in May of the same year. The main communist group in Germany at the time, the KPD, failed to make any huge differences in the country as they did not act quickly and when they did, it was to ... to take power. This is shown most in the opposition to the Kapp Putsch where the revolutionaries were divided over offers from the government which allowed the army to prevent a communist state being set up. A greater political strength was the constitution. It...

• Word Count: 2083
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . The post war years saw strikes and demonstrations organised by the working classes and the growing strength of trade unions. Terrorists acts carried out by Communists and the emergence of a Communist state in Russia, ensured that Fascist parties grew up throughout Europe in opposition to Communism. These parties gained they support of capitalists, industrialists and people of property. Fascism was at ... . It opposed its internationalism, its materialism, and its fixation with class, concentrating instead on loyalty to one's own country as the supreme good. Industrialists and businessme...

• Word Count: 1866
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... supporter of the 'eastern' militarist orientation. His cruel war experience, he later said, also developed in him an uncompromising iron will. Post-war Germany was in chaos. Communism rose, and communist movements rioted in the cities, some of them led by Jews. Eventually Germany turned from a militarist monarchy to a democracy, with an executive prime minister and a president that kept powerful authorities ... Germans lost everything they had. They blamed the peace treaty compensations and 'Jewish traders'. The political crisis that followed resulted in an emergency wide coalition, but...

• Word Count: 2709
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Jewish population was drastically affected by the Nazi State as they were not recognised as a supreme race, resulting in their population being purged during Kristallnacht and the Final Solution. Nazi ideologies in the Fuhrer Myth aimed to restore Germany to its former glory by Nazifying Germany as a whole. Conclusively, the impact of the Nazi State on social and cultural life in ... ...

• Word Count: 1141
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... his purges and deportations. Due to his violent and somewhat maniacal nature, the Russian population lived in constant terror of their government. In a totalitarian regime, there can be no differing ideologies or political opponents, so Stalin would execute any anyone who would oppose his reign, as with the case of Sergei Kirov. He set up several trials known as the Moscow ... ...

• Word Count: 2251
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... cities such as Chicago and New York. Immigrants coming from Southern and Eastern Europe brought drastically different philosophies with them such as anarchism, anarchism, and Marxism (Eugenics Movement Archive). These ideologies completely differed from the way of life in America. Along with their different ways of thinking, the immigrants brought an abundance of social problems. During the eugenics movement, "Eugenics ... ...

• Word Count: 1208
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... another phase of the war, but a campaign to realise its ultimate aim; eastern Lebensraum. It became clear to the German forces that they were now fighting a war of races and ideologies in which Nordic Nazism had determined on a final life or death struggle with the Slavic sub-humans and their Jewish-Bolshevik leadership. The rise of the SS "State" is another ... ...

• Word Count: 1815
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... environment. Today, nationalism is felt by everyone and has been responsible for many of today's conflicts. With conflicting views on life in general, opposing nations are quick to express their ideologies by any means possible, including violence. It is the promotion of this national pride to an extreme degree leads to ultra-nationalism, which does nothing but reek havoc on the ... ...

• Word Count: 934
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate