... citizens who "may" have violated any provision of Section 802 of the first Patriot Act. Section 802 is the new definition of domestic terrorism, and the definition is "any action that endangers human life that is a violation of any Federal or State law." The Justice Department boldly ... claims that the incredibly broad Section 802 of the First USA Patriot Act is not broad enough and that a new, unlimited definition of terrorism is needed. Under Section 501 of the new patriot act, a United States citizen engaging in lawful activities can be grabbed off the ... individual would be pena...

• Word Count: 3202
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... satisfy a democracy, which includes: equality in voting, effective participation, enlightened understanding, citizen control of the agenda, inclusion, rule of decision, and representation. Is America a democracy? Yes, America is a democracy by definition. However, over the course of American history, the shape of American democracy and how it was defined has greatly evolved. In the early part of American history, I believe that the ... was a democracy, but it was more of an elitist and class-driven type of democracy. Democracy being simply a method for making political decisions definite...

• Word Count: 1094
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and other various types of shady activity within corporations and the government. One of the earliest known examples of white collar crime under the definition we use today occurred in the late 19th century. The specific case as noted in the text, Crime, Justice and Society: Criminology and ... of interest. The topic I want to discuss is the argument of using "soft money" in political election campaigns. Let me start with a simple definition of what "soft money" is. According to a web site dedicated to informing the public about the inherent dangers with "soft money" as associated with ...

• Word Count: 2580
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Eighth Amendment or not. In the United States Constitution, the Eighth Amendment states, "Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual." Based on this definition, many people argue that capital punishment violates the Eighth amendment, because its character consists cruel and unusual in practice and law. Before we look into the constitutional issue of death ... penalty, we need to understand the definition of "cruel and unusual". First, we need to understand these words meaning in the dictionary. Then we need to understand why the framers of c...

• Word Count: 1056
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... inclined to think of two things. The first is obviously the United States of America, whose mission seems to be to spread democracy all over the world. Innate of the definition of democracy is the second thing - that the people elect the government. If indeed the United States of America wishes to serve as democratic missionaries to the Middle East and ... by the people, would not have George W. Bush in the white house right now. Popular vote should dictate the leader of a democracy. The Electoral College violates several parts of the definition of our democracy. The American Heritage C...

• Word Count: 1103
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... bill would diminish personal privacy by removing important checks on government surveillance authority, reduce the accountability of government to the public by increasing official secrecy and expand on the definition of "terrorism" in a manner that threatens the constitutionally protected rights of Americans. The new legislation would allow government to spy on First Amendment-protected activities. By applying ... an overly broad definition of terrorism, organizations using protest tactics such as those used by Operation Rescue or protesters at Vieques Island, Puerto Rico would become ...

• Word Count: 667
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... husband and wife. This is also stated in the dictionary; however, the second meaning of the word simply states "a close union" (American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language). The latter definition clearly identifies a gender neutral merger. The traditional meaning of marriage must be substituted because gays and lesbians are people who happen to love others of the same gender and have ... to do the same. The obstacles being put in front of homosexual couples are in the name of the "normal" people actively seek to define their definition to all. These same "normal" people are the...

• Word Count: 2287
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the age group of 25 to 35, I interviewed my cousin, Cody Fale, a 25-year-old college student. He actually had two answers for his definition of the "American Dream," one more superficial than the other. For his first definition he stated that every person wants "A mansion with an ocean view, a garage full of expensive cars, a luxurious pool, and every luxury a man can ... that each generation of Americans passes the "American Dream" down like a good folk tale, being altered along its way. And although the "American Dream" may not have the exact same definition to every person, it still ...

• Word Count: 863
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the right to personal privacy he is seen as a hero. In order to fully comprehend whether a whistleblower can be seen as a traitor or a hero, whistleblowing needs to be understood by definition and its views around the world, for example in the United States of America, United Kingdom and South Africa. We need to fully understand the effects and aftermath that whistleblowing ... the right to personal privacy he is seen as a hero. In order to fully comprehend whether a whistleblower can be seen as a traitor or a hero, whistleblowing needs to be understood by definition and its views aroun...

• Word Count: 2111
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . The courts rested their decisions on the circular argument that the couples equal protection rights were not violated because they were excluded by the traditional definition of marriage, which in turn denied them any rights under that definition. The relationship proposed by the applicants did not allow the issuance of a marriage license because what they had was not in the traditional sense ... ...

• Word Count: 2327
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... beyond the word's literal meaning. According to Webster's Dictionary, an American is "a person from the United States or any of the countries of North, South, or Central America." While this definition is correct in the most literal sense, the term "American" has taken on greater meaning to people all over the world. For many, this one simple word brings to mind ... freedoms of minority groups are maintained. An American represents a unique combination of ethnicity, religion, and opinions, but is still as genuine an American as any other. Everyone has their own definition of the term "A...

• Word Count: 712
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... opening remarks to President Bush's open support for a constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriages has facilitated support to ban homosexual marriages. Bush wants to stop "activist courts" from changing the definition of the "most enduring human institution" and to end "confusion on an issue that requires clarity ," referring directly to courts in Massachusetts and California, where the courts ruled in favor ... to ban it in the state constitution resulted in a Republican walkout, which in turn left too few votes for ratification. Outside of the US countries like; Holland, which...

• Word Count: 1218
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... review the constitutional pressures which have challenged those doctrines; and, (4) to highlight the contrasts and similarities between the two systems. (2) Defining Constitutionalism We will employ Fred Ridley's (1988: p. 317) broad definition of a constitution as: ...the whole system of government of a country, the collection of rules, written and unwritten, which regulate the government'. Any investigation of the sources of state authority must ... relates to the ambiguity, which surrounds the explanation of what a constitution actually involves. Britain's unwritten constitution and ...

• Word Count: 1384
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the groundwork for the American government. It sets up the separation of powers, checks and balances, and the relationships between state and federal governments. The constitutional vagueness (particularly on the definition of federalism) that we have become so accustomed to leads the incredible importance of the court and its ongoing role of providing us with clarity on the issue. Justice O"Connor ... need for vagueness in the Constitution (and therefore federalism). Basically, he expresses only the need for a framework or "outline" of the main objectives, pointing out that the rest of...

• Word Count: 1635
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... constant overthrows) and also protected the rights and liberties of the people. This, therefore, ensured the support of the people of the government; as with any democracy, it is, by definition, the people who make the government tick. Both Washington and Adams also aided the centralization of and the accumulation of authority of the US government, an essential element in any ... harmed the faith and confidence of the people in their government, and consequently harmed the stability of their government: any democracy draws its power from the people by its very definition, and a democrac...

• Word Count: 1367
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... dissenting opinion, Justice Holmes maintained that Congress was wholly within its right to regulate interstate commerce, and that goods manufactured in one state and sold in other states were by definition interstate commerce. He believed Congress had the authority to regulate the manufacturing process and that it "could not be cut down or qualified by the fact that it might interfere ... ...

• Word Count: 1100
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... United States court in 2007 voted to permit ads aired on television (PARKER, 2014). With the laws in place to regulate how political messages communicated, there are no universally accepted definition of bad ads as most of the ads contents are directed to the opponent rather than the candidate plans and strategies. They mostly focus on the wrongs of another opponent ... ...

• Word Count: 1081
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of all powers, legislative, executive, and judiciary, in the same hands, whether of one, a few, or many, and whether hereditary, self-appointed, or elective, may justly be pronounced the very definition of tyranny." Three issues are emerging from this unconstitutional abuse of power: an abuse in American's privacy, an inequality on how check and balances are distributed, how the rule ... ...

• Word Count: 1471
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , "to take a single step beyond the boundaries thus specially drawn around the powers of Congress is to take possession of a boundless field of power, no longer susceptible of any definition." He believed that even broadening the interpretations of the constitution slightly was completely unconstitutional. Jefferson goes on in the document to list the powers of Congress that the constitution ... ...

• Word Count: 1022
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... not see states as equal entities, he viewed states as "units of convenience that ultimately embodied only the fictitious legal personality of all corporations" (Banning 432). With this definition in mind he did not believe that states deserved an equal say because they did not represent a different set of ideals. States were convenient plots of land where the people ... ...

• Word Count: 1874
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... #74, "The direction of war implies the direction of the common strength; and the power of directing and employing the common strength, forms a usual and essential part in the definition of the executive authority"6. This is Hamilton invoking the idea of plenary authority. What this essentially means is that Hamilton would vest in the President complete unitary power to ... ...

• Word Count: 1503
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... on will now be forced to violate their own religious beliefs: they should not fund, support, or promote abortion-related drugs. In this mandate, one will read an extremely narrow definition of religion and it is a test to determine which religious organizations are religious enough, according to the government, to deserve an exemption from providing these services contrary to their religious ... ...

• Word Count: 3342
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and related parties must address individual needs of students with disabilities as adequately as do the education approaches for other students. And in 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act expanded the definition of disability in such a way to include people with AIDS. AIDS is an issue charged with emotion, as was desegregation. The courts as well as school administrators are constantly struggling ... ...

• Word Count: 541
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... it would assist in convicting the defendant. Through the years, the Supreme Court interpretation of the Fourth Amendment has changed due to the development of search and seizure law. The definition of "unreasonable" was first dealt with at the federal level in the 1914 case of Weeks v. United States. Federal law enforcement authorities accused the defendant, Freemont Weeks of using the ... ...

• Word Count: 1443
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The President Article II of the US Constitution grants the president numerous powers and responsibilities, but the authority granted to the modern presidency far exceeds the constitutional definition of office. And through the years, a variety of presidential roles have evolved that were not originally or specifically outlined in the Article. Some of these roles were legislated by congress, ... ...

• Word Count: 1641
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate