... find more recent and vivid reasons for the peoples of the former Yugoslavia to wish death and destruction upon each other. The Second World War came to Yugoslavia on April 6, 1941; two weeks after a group of anti-German military officers overthrew the pro-Axis government of the royal regent Prince Paul and placed the seventeen- ... independent fascist state of Croatia. The occupation of Yugoslavia, which was to last in some areas until the end of the war, can only be described as on of the most brutal of the entire war. Drawing upon centuries of traditions as guerilla fighters the peopl...

• Word Count: 1183
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the opposition forces, the various strands of the divided "Whites". One primary function of War Communism was the requisition of grain from the peasantry, in order to feed the starving urban population. The agricultural production in Russia declined since the outset of the First World War, and those who had food, hoarded it. Major agricultural regions were occupied by the white armies during the ... rations, whereas porfessionals and middle classes were given the bare minimum for survival. Another important aspect of war communism was the red terror, carried out by the Cheka. This was u...

• Word Count: 2081
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of the old Soviet Union is now know as Russia. During World War II the Soviets and the US were fight together to stop another country from becoming a dominant power, but in life money, greed and power caused the two to start this war with each other. The one most important factor in the Cold War was the Alliances that were created on the nation-state level ... are important because the Cold War could have easily had gone the other way because in Latin America the democratic ideas weren't work too well and after the Vietnam War. The one major thing that helped the United States win the C...

• Word Count: 1048
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... deepest peril," subjected to threat of the Soviet Union achieve[ing] its fundamental design." Furthermore, by acting in Korea this would be the first steps to establishing the critically important network of allied states (such as Japan and South Korea) that would sit alongside a rejuvenated Western Europe as a bulwark against Soviet expansion. NSC 68 focused heavily on the ideological differences ... this would become not just the public front of the Korean War to the American people, but to all people via the U.N. – a war of ideology, of freedom vs. slavery or oppression. Therefore,...

• Word Count: 1205
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... for reinforcement if need be. This treaty was a key factor in Prime Minister Keith Holyoake rationalising New Zealand's involvement in the war. He is quoted as saying, "if we are not prepared to play our part now, can we in good conscience expect our allies to help later on?" this is a fair concern which many people seemed to share. There was a great anxiety that if ... back up from its allies. Following this, America sent Henry Cabot Lodge, a presidential envoy, to Wellington on April 20, in an attempt to convince the New Zealand government to take a more active role in the Vietnam con...

• Word Count: 1380
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... subsequent reluctance of workers to strive for greater output. The traditional pattern, Stalin's pattern, was very wasteful. In the 1970-1980 period, available manpower increased by 24 million people. In the 1980s, the increase was only 6 million. The economy was in rapid decline. It was important back then to increase the productivity of all workers, not only so that growth rates could be maintained ... aid from Russia, such as Angola and Mozambique, wasted Russia's investment by turning away from communism. Alcoholism and absenteeism, which surfaced in the workforce, were also taking it...

• Word Count: 2365
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... its formation even before World War II had officially ended. The superpowers began their relationship as allies, but that affiliation quickly took a turn for the worse as the United States and Russia originated a rivalry that would last over the next thirty years. The first step to this rivalry began in Yalta, when Roosevelt and Churchill met Stalin for an important peace conference with the ... remain that way until the fall of the Soviet empire. As Truman became more informed about Stalin and his plans, he began to associate Stalin with the corrupt people Truman was acquainted with in...

• Word Count: 2810
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Limited participation in direct hostilities (during the war years the number of American troops did not exceed one million, and the population at that time was approximately 110 million people), and also the most active and significant maintenance of industrial and financial basis of the fight against fascism contributed to the extraordinary growth of economic power of America. During World War II for ... about 40% of the total budget of 36 billion. dollars, which is more than 10 times higher than the costs in 1938. The geographical position of the United States played an important role i...

• Word Count: 4151
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... their advance and eventually driving them back and off the island of Papua New Guinea. This was the first major land victory. However, there were changes in policies. The most important one was in 1941 when John Curtin, the Prime Minister, declared that Britain could no longer be Australia's number one ally. This was declared because Singapore, said to be an impenetrable fortress ... also be seen as one of the reasons Australia supported de-colonization after the war. This is because as more countries became independent this meant potential new trade partnerships for Australia such as I...

• Word Count: 1983
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... round-table talks with a reinvigorated Solidarity. As a result, Poland held its first competitive elections since before World War II, and in 1989, Solidarity formed the first non-Communist government within the Soviet bloc since 1948. Inspired by their neighbors' reforms, East Germans took to the streets in the summer and fall of 1989 to call for reforms, including freedom to visit West Berlin and ... extreme terms be seen as the final loss of patience with the Communist ideology which had been proven, by the failings of Soviet Russia to provide economically for its people, to be false...

• Word Count: 2359
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the majority of industry was made property of the people, which meant the majority of the means of production was controlled by the government. Lenin's government made many achievements. It ended a long civil war against the remnants of the old Czarist military system and established institutions in government. During this period, and in fact throughout the majority of the Communist rule, censorship ... production goods such as manufacturing machinery over basic consumer goods such as clothes and other staples. During this period the Second World War broke out and drained most of what w...

• Word Count: 3016
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... inhabitants are now increasingly identifying themselves as members of ethnic groups rather than as citizens of the Russia. (Drobizheva). An important development in center-periphery relations is the growing importance of "economic nationalism," an effort to create an economic basis for political independence. ... . Tatarstan, for example, strives to sell its oil at world market prices in foreign markets to generate income, and in 1993-94, the local governments in Tatarstan and Yakutia sought economic decentralization in Russia by refusing to pay federal taxes. Consequently, an agreement ....

• Word Count: 1866
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... revolution would have not succeeded had it not been for the weakness of the provisional government, or the Petrograd soviets assistance. Christopher Read puts forward the view that Lenin, although important, was not necessary for the revolution; "Being the focus of a movement is not the same as being its main creator. Even if the focus had not been there, the ... were just another method of increasing the control Stalin had on the population, a level of control which is characteristic of the USSR of 1953. "Industrialization, like collectivisation, was chiefly important to Stalin as an i...

• Word Count: 1841
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... as an ideological war. "For the first time in the nations history Americans were asked to fight and die to contain an idea". The Korean War was extremely popular domestically because it was part of the Cold War. The Cold War was a result of World War Two, it caused the two ideologies, capitalism and communism to each struggle for control over the Post war world. This is important because America ... immoral and the returned veterans suffered Vietnam Syndrome. Essentially the Vietnam war was a disaster not only did the US lose the war, but because the government deception and failure to ...

• Word Count: 1037
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... elected municipal council under the Czars government). Russia endured serious poverty under Nicholas II, with about 90% of the people being peasantry. Existing in depressing circumstances, working long hours with very basic tools and rewarded with pittence. Therefore it was important for peasants as the proletariat to educate themselves to such teachings of Karl Marx if they were to create a ... proletariat and poorest sections of the peasants." Book from main library Marx's theories to creating a better world was inviting particularly to the peasantry proletariat and the Bolsheviks. Th...

• Word Count: 1584
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... lifting has been done by the Americans."" And finally Prime minister said, "The American alliance is very important to us - The word "important- in the quotation has implication meaning about Australian government policy relationship between U.S. Protests were all over the world and obviously almost citizens of Australia opposed decision of John Howard Government. However government dispatched troops to Iraq ... Masao's definition of nationalism is unique. Maruyama defined, "Nationalism is the ideology and demonstration for towards the unification, independence, development of nation. T...

• Word Count: 2405
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to spread communism to the Russians. World War I and the Russian Civil War led to the establishment of a Communist government in Russia, which leveraged its tight control on the film industry in order to forge unity amongst all social classes. This was publicized in Vertov's Man with Movie Camera. World War I, one of the most influential events in Russian history, ended in 1918 with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ... of rallying support for communism; after all the Russian film industry was funded by the government. A firm Communist believer, Vertov spread the ideas of everyone in society r...

• Word Count: 2028
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... rub a month, there is rise of about 100% in wages but a 300% rise in the cost to live (M.Morcombe, 1998, 66). In the country farmers were taken from their farms to join the army and because of this the production of crops decreased, along with farmers being taken train drivers, factory workers and people of other important trades so food and produce couldn't be brought ... to the cites or to the war fronts on time if at all. This affected the way Russia functioned socially as well. The people of Russia were split up into two classes the proletariat and the bourgeoisie. The ... what the...

• Word Count: 1801
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Yet, considering the analogy of the apple tree, it would be most logical to attribute the ultimate effect to the shaking of the tree. So too, in the case of the Revolution is it important to find the immediate catalysts that tear the apples from the branch. Despite the conception of history that the Russian Revolution was caused by prevalent social and ... by their effects (Pipes Three 32). Moreover, the initiated people of the times could not foresee the Revolution in their own status quo, showing conclusively that those present acting forces alone, could not ever conceivably add up t...

• Word Count: 2068
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... demands were not only exceptionally harmful to the economy but they were also seen as extreme humiliations to the Chinese people. In 1916, after Yuan's death, Sun Yatsen took over the nation. He promoted modernization and the "revolt against obedience". When the First World War ended the Chinese assumed their allies would reward them. Due to rejection of the award, they developed a New Culture ... for a solution not only to their social, political and economic problems but also to the expulsion of the Japanese invaders. A very important factor in determining the success for the CCP was ...

• Word Count: 3218
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . This sphere of interest became more specific and eventually led to a study of inconsistencies regarding historical justifications of Khrushchev's dismissal of war hero Marshall Zhukov. However, while a variety of sources were available regarding his Western counterparts such as Montgomery and Eisenhower, copies of ... Revolution) produced a civil strife that provoked the most crucial disasters for the Party, the Government and the People" . However, rather than Mao, the real criminals of the period existed in the "Careerist" Cultural Revolutionary Authority, or "Gang of Four", headed b...

• Word Count: 4647
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... theory that has affected the studies of sociology, politics, economics and many other spheres of life. It had a crucial role in the world history of the whole world, almost dictating the development of the twentieth century. Moreover, it is still continuing to influence peoples' minds. The basic of ... the theory created by Marx and Engels and described mostly in the Communist Manifesto is the class struggle: people who own means of production are in the ... is over. Therefore we could presume that the Clash of civilisations which, many argue, is happening today, would not occur in the ...

• Word Count: 1247
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Stalin's drive for the five-year plans was popular throughout the lower sections of the party, and communism being the government of the workers; it was hard for the more important officials to object to it. Because of this support Stalin managed to unite the state and the country to his objectives and whilst this did ensure his personal power it ... could be taken, and they were justified during world war two when Hitler's blitzkrieg swept through Russia without ever reaching the industrial heartland. Whilst facilities at these centres were primitive, with many Russians living in huts...

• Word Count: 5589
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , the threat of the neighbouring countries notably Germany or even Japan after its humiliating defeat in World War I. Stalin then came up with the solution of introducing the process of Collectivisation which were in fact individual farms which were combined to form larger, more economically viable "Collective farms": the Kolkhoz. In this system, some of the produce would be sold to the sate at a low ... "threatening the very existence of Soviet power" with their "anti-collective-farm propaganda" according to Y. Kukushkin. There was also an important loss of human lives as 13 million wer...

• Word Count: 2709
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... (Pious). By the early 1980s, the USSR had become the world's second-ranking industrial power. Its armed might and industrial potential were backed by important scientific advances and by a generally high level of technical education. The living standard, although still low in comparison with that of Western countries, had risen appreciably since World War II. Toward the end of the decade, however, it became ... the ballots are symbols representing the different political parties. Each voter makes a mark under the symbol of the party he/she favors (Perkins 192). Rule by the people played ...

• Word Count: 2983
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate