... paid wages with ,land and machinery being collectively owned. Nevertheless, industrialization and collectivisation had consequences. Poor working conditions and famines occurred throughout the nation, causing increasing discontent. Stalin also maintained his power throughout all of his economic policies, unlike Mao, who after the Great Leap Forward re-established himself through the Cultural Revolution. Despite this, Mao's ... of the similarities between their policies. Collectivization policies produced famines in both China and Russia. Discrepancies occur between the two because of the...

• Word Count: 1642
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... for the USSR to blossom into a industrialized country in record time. This massive growth allowed for the USSR to gain respect and credibility from the West, which was one of Stalin's most important underlying motives. However, despite this massive success, Russia was already in a decent standing regarding their national economics. In Germany, however, Hitler revived a dead Germany economy, crippled by the ... expectations for the near future. His system did away with unemployment and the boom and depression cycles of capitalism, but there was no economic equality. The most noteworthy a...

• Word Count: 2251
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a socialist must be highly industrialised. As a result of this all members of the communist party were of the agreement that industrialisation was a necessity. The programme Stalin chose to implement in order to achieve this high level of industrialisation contained three major components. The first being complete nationalism and socialisation of all non-farming activity from ... execution or deportation. In 1939, 2.5 million hectares of land in private plots was taken away and private livestock numbers were also cut. Although as a result of Stalin's revolutionary policies investment in...

• Word Count: 2410
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... collectivisation was undertaken and how peasants reacted to it. The period investigated is from 1927, when mass collectivisation was brought to the table of the Communist party, to 1930 when Stalin called for a temporary halt of the policy. To reach a balanced conclusion, I have used a wide range of sources, including secondary sources consisting of works published by western scholars, and textbooks ... line of the Party [] without violation or distortion.' 29 However, this evidence needs to be analysed carefully as they are unlikely to reflect the reality of the situation, since Stali...

• Word Count: 1609
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... general direction, must first be established. In this paper I plan to compare and contrast the ideologies behind the political and economic practice of Vladimir Ilich Lenin and Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin. The similarities between the men are staggering: each followed the teachings of Socialism and Marxism, each had the tribulations of applying their methods during hostile resistance, war, economic collapse ... Lenin identified the enemies of the working class as being priests, Imperial Army officers, large and small businessmen, landowners and anyone opposed to his rule. In regards to ...

• Word Count: 1728
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... capitalists. She was beaten by the Japanese barons. All beat her because of her backwardness, military backwardness, cultural backwardness, political backwardness, industrial backwardness- (Internet Site 3). If Joseph Stalin had not introduced measures to rapidly industrialise Russia before Nazi Germany invaded in June 1941, Russia would have completely defeated and its army swiftly destroyed as it would not have ... implemented serve industrial reforms to dramatically bring Russia from a mainly agrarian market to an industrial power, Nazi Germany would have inflicted a severe defeat on ...

• Word Count: 1272
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and enforcing loyalty. Unfortunately, the purges weakened cohesion, fear of arrest had divisive effects on the public. Communist dissidents were a key external element of the purges, however Stalin's decision to implement and enforce this terror was the most important component of division within the Soviet Union during this time. Paragraph Three - Social Between 1928 and 1941 Soviet ... society underwent major social reform under Stalin's leadership that ultimately resulted in a combination of cohesion and division. The removal of class structures provided opportunities for a new socia...

• Word Count: 1393
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Industrialisation of Russia was an important step in the development of the USSR, industrialisation occurred in varying forms under both Lenin and Stalin, the two great individuals at the helm of communist Russia. Under Lenin industrialisation was initialised by aiming to recover the economy from the ... plan was the solution to Russia's economic state, a first of its kind, introduced to move the economy into the modern era. A precursor to Stalin's five year plans, Lenin is famously quoted in saying "Communism is Soviet power plus the electrification of the whole country." Some historia...

• Word Count: 1841
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... year of the war, the British premier, Winston S. Churchill, attended several crucial summits, and in October 1944, he visited Moscow for having talks with the Soviet Union leader Joseph Stalin. As the Soviet army had already effectively occupied Poland, Churchill knew that he could do little for Poland. However, Churchill knew he could secure a 'percentages agreement', which Churchill ... 2011), he made no objections regarding the 'percentage agreements'. 5. Comment on the Usefulness of the Document According to this document, it appears that Churchill left a distinct impressio...

• Word Count: 1594
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Khrushchev repudiated his policies and condemned Stalinism. Only after that, both the people of the USSR and the rest of the world have slowly become aware what really happened during Stalin' rule. Stalin was initially opposed to te overthrow of A. Kerensky's Provisional Government in the Russian Revolution of 1917. He was won over to Lenin's position following the latter's return from exile ... farms (1929-33). In response to this some peasants preferred to slaughter their animals rather than give them over to the collective farms, which produced a major drop in food production. Stalin...

• Word Count: 1356
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... instrumental in their decision not to attack Russia in 1941. Had they attacked, it is unlikely the Soviet Union could have survived a war on two fronts. Early in the war, Stalin's insistence on "last stand tactics" often lead to soldiers' remaining in untenable positions resulting in drastic Russian casualties exemplified in Kiev where 660,000 encircled soldiers were captured. His deference ... the Germans hands, whilst allowing Russia to rapidly rebuild its armaments economy. It was further aided by the release of one million workers from the Gulags. In this chaotic time Stalin's totali...

• Word Count: 2415
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of the sort. Lenin's system more closely resembled Marxist thought as he did not hold all the power in his hands. The organization of Stalin's machine merely fueled and facilitated his maniacal, blood and power thirsty motives. Almost immediately, he disbanded Russia from NEP and introduced the first ... took on a break-neck pace that may have built industry but was done so at the devastating expense of many Soviets. To say Stalin was following the Marxist-Leninist ideology is nonsense. The terror he carried out would have Lenin rolling in his grave. A revolution was meant ... , more edu...

• Word Count: 1383
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... postwar settlements were discussed such as German disarmament and reparations, and the Curzon line was recognized as Poland's frontier with the Soviet Union. Also, by a secret agreement with Roosevelt, Stalin promised to declare war on Japan three months after the end of hostilities in Europe. Critics of the agreements that each nation's leaders negotiated hold that it partitioned the world ... East and the West. After the agreements reached at Yalta were made public in 1946, they were harshly criticized in the United States. This was because, as events turned out, Stalin failed to keep...

• Word Count: 2338
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... maintaining it. It can be argued that the forces of reaction were most successful in using terror to preserve power under the regime of Joseph Stalin 1929 -1955. Establishing a terrorist state, with secret police the NKVD to demolish any opposition that rose, terror appeared undoubtedly successful in preserving ... power. This then supports the idea that the more intense the terror the easier it was to uphold power. Isaac Deutschervii believes that Stalin, in an attempt to assert total control over the Soviet people, found it necessary to recreate and indeed surpass the oppression of his...

• Word Count: 1853
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and capital. The lack of productivity was also rooted in the general inefficiency of a communist economy and the subsequent reluctance of workers to strive for greater output. The traditional pattern, Stalin's pattern, was very wasteful. In the 1970-1980 period, available manpower increased by 24 million people. In the 1980s, the increase was only 6 million. The economy was in rapid decline ... a long way off, however, as many Russian leaders put higher priority in military spending and less into domestic programs. Condoleeza Rice contended that the increases in the military expenditures...

• Word Count: 2365
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in maintaining their policy of focusing only on Russia even though one of their greatest desires had occurred. Also during this period was Stalin's aim of industrialization and collectivization. Collectivization would allow for optimum proficiency as machines would produce more produce then small farms, peasants not needed ... peasantry and sympathized with western communists who claimed that more flexible tactics were needed if the aim of a united front was to occur. Stalin then asserted that the aims of Socialists and Fascists are the same. As a result the German communists were told ...

• Word Count: 1433
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Germany had been defeated in 1945 the war time allies between the USA, UK and the USSR began to break up. A major factor was the Stalin's foreign policy. He wanted to build up Russian control of the Eastern Europe that was seen by the west as an act of aggression. In ... revisionists would say that those actions were only defensive and were justified after Russia had lost about twenty million soldiers and civilians in the German attack. Joseph Stalin once stated: "One cannot forget the following fact: the Germans carried out an invasion of the U.S.S.R. through Finland, Poland, Rumania, ...

• Word Count: 1778
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ). Lenin's government would eventually end a long civil war and begin to censor and subordinate all political parties to itself. After Lenin's death, Joseph Stalin came to power and effectively he ruled as a totalitarian dictator. Stalin controlled most of the political power in Russia and began a series of purges to remove all non-Communists from office. These purges would later spread ... all throughout the government and into the public. Millions were harassed, arrested or simply killed. Under Stalin, all private ownership had ended. A mass program of industrialization began (Harris)....

• Word Count: 1541
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... values and doctrines of communism into Chinese society. It was evident that economics took a back seat to Mao's greater vision of a communal society, " Stalin emphasized only technology, technical cadres. He wanted nothing but technology, nothing but cadre; no politics, no masses Stalin speaks only of the production relations, not of the superstructure, nor of the relationship between superstructure and economic base ... Stalin mentions economics only, not politics."1 The chairman of the People's Republic believed that once communism had grown deep roots in his country's society, ... M...

• Word Count: 1368
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... values and doctrines of communism into Chinese society. It was evident that economics took a back seat to Mao's greater vision of a communal society, " Stalin emphasized only technology, technical cadres. He wanted nothing but technology, nothing but cadre; no politics, no masses Stalin speaks only of the production relations, not of the superstructure, nor of the relationship between superstructure and economic base ... Stalin mentions economics only, not politics."1 The chairman of the People's Republic believed that once communism had grown deep roots in his country's society, ... M...

• Word Count: 1368
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . The battle was brutally bloody, and the German army who were used to the ease of the Blitzkrieg attack were forced to confront their enemies in hand-to-hand combat. Stalin realized that ferociously standing their ground was doing very little to help the USSR push Germany back or even resist them, so the "Scorched Earth" policy was applied ... . The battle was brutally bloody, and the German army who were used to the ease of the Blitzkrieg attack were forced to confront their enemies in hand-to-hand combat. Stalin realized that ferociously standing their ground was doing very little to h...

• Word Count: 1288
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . After the Munich Pact of 29th September, the expansion continued with Sudetenland. Next year, the Germans invaded Czechoslovakia followed by the invasion of Poland. Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, also known as Stalin-Hitler Pact was a non-aggression treaty between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany signed in Moscow on 23 August 1939 the Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov and German foreign minister ... Joachim von Ribbentrop in the presence of Stalin. The Goal of this pact was the official views of Germany, as the Third Reich to secure the eastern flank in anticipation of the imminent...

• Word Count: 1835
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... back West, as he other Allies pushed from the beaches of Normandy. Soviet troops would eventually occupy much of Eastern Europe, to the dismay of Roosevelt and Churchill. At Yalta, Stalin assured free elections in the region following the unconditional surrender of Germany. At Yalta, also, is where the Soviets, along with the English pledged support towards the United States in ... and the Soviet Union began competition, and possibly even earlier since the implementation of Lend Lease. Firstly, the United States, without informing Joseph Stalin, sent two atomic bombs on Japan, one on Hi...

• Word Count: 1378
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... for her attempts to understand totalitarian regimes. Raised in Konigsberg, Germany, she observed first-hand the emergence and the effects of two totalitarian states: Adolph Hitler's Nazi Germany, and Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union. Nothing is more characteristic of the totalitarian movements in general and of the quality of fame of their leaders in particular that the startling swiftness with which they ... . Arendt observed that totalitarian regimes take form or are born of an ideology, often associated with racist, as in the case of Nazi anti-Semitism, or classist struggles, as in Stalin...

• Word Count: 1359
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Army. The Bolsheviks eventually defeated the White Army and became the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. As the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin was one of the leaders of this new party and was viewed by many as a tyrant who would significantly influence future Russian political parties. Vertov had to please the leaders ... in government, especially Joseph Stalin; otherwise he would have been banned from making more films. Vertov made "Man with a Movie Camera" with hopes of rallying support for communism; after all the Russian film industry ...

• Word Count: 2028
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate