... . According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), of the estimated 1,538,813 State and local arrests for drug abuse violations in 2002, about 5.4% were for marijuana sale/manufacturing and 39.9% were for possession. There were more than 700,000 marijuana arrests in the United States in 1997. This was the largest number in U.S. history. Of these arrests, 87% were for ... , they make up 38 percent of those arrested for drug offenses and 59 percent of those convicted of drug offenses causing critics to call the war on drugs the "New Jim Crow"(MacCoun, Rueter, 2001). The higher arrest...

• Word Count: 2648
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... century in East Coast communities such as Boston and Harlem. During both world wars, official marriage certificates could be obtained for gay couples in Harlem on a somewhat legal basis. (Eskridge 39-44) Despite the evidence of these fairly common unions, many of our law makers strongly oppose the legalization of the practice in America, based on the opinion that as heterosexuals ... the first Amendment. The 9th Amendment, stating that "cruel and unusual punishment [shall not be] inflicted" upon any U.S. citizen is a second common argument of gay rights activists. Just as the Jim Crow L...

• Word Count: 1519
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an ... in the garbage later imprisoned in a system of work, produce, consume, work, produce, consume ."" The Beats also imagined that blacks were "freer- than whites - a strange fantasy, given the realities of Jim Crow most blacks faced....

• Word Count: 3629
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... taken places between then and now, but more recently it has become much more prominent in the media, and people and organizations are beginning to actually take a stand. For example, Island Records (owned by Disney) dropped the Insane Clown Posse just after their release of The Great Milenko and MTV actually refused to play Madonna's video for Justify My Love because ... stifling these problematic artists may be through the pressure of having to use a parental advisory label or legislation passing bills. The head of the Boston Coalition for Freedom of Expression, Jim D" Entremont, expla...

• Word Count: 951
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... national family with duties and loyalties to each other. "Naturally, this submerges the importance of the individual and gives rise to strong cooperative group orientation" (Franklin Jr. 1981, pp 36 - 39). Economic employment takes on a social role to fulfil life, in this value spectrum. Americans, on the other hand, are a relatively recent culture. "They emphasise individuality, personal freedom, and ... competitiveness as a means to get ahead" (Franklin Jr. 1981, pp 36 - 39). Unlike the Japanese, America is ethnically and racially a diverse population of values. Economic activity is a...

• Word Count: 1574
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a curfew as well as carry identification. Labor contracts established under Johnson's Reconstruction even bound the "freedmen" to their respective plantations. A few years later, another set of laws known as the "Jim Crow" laws directly undermined the status of blacks by placing unfair restrictions on everything from voting rights all the way to the segregation of water fountains. Besides these restrictions, the ... upheld by later rulings in cases such as "Plessy v. Ferguson." After the advent of the "separate-but-equal" doctrine America began to see the spread of what were known as "J...

• Word Count: 1105
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... is, how can we be sure what reality really is? Is reality in today's world a big contest to see who is the most attractive, or who can survive on a remote island eating bugs and rats for the longest? If these shows do not portray anything that actually happens in real life, then why are millions of Americans hooked? Not only do ... , both physically and mentally. For instance, someone might see that all of the people on these shows have outgoing personalities. What if the person watching doesn't have the most outgoing personality, this could make them feel insecure about themselves causi...

• Word Count: 1377
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... not granted their rights even though that's what America stood for, Independence. In the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Twain shows the relationship between a young boy, Huckleberry Finn, and a runaway slave, Jim. This lays the basis for the adventures they incur, and the freedoms they both experience throughout the story and how they own earn their own independence. At the end of ... Aunt Sally she's going to adopt me and civilize me, and I can't stand it. I been there before." (Twain 293) At the end of the novel, most everything is resolved Jim is free and Huck will be adopted by Au...

• Word Count: 969
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... this time was a unique yet unfortunate one. With many white Americans were upset over the changes made with Blacks during the Civil War, Jim Crow laws were introduced. These laws pushed society closer towards pre-Civil War America. Jim Crow laws were unwritten and violent codes that reintroduced a more segregated society. If African Americans were found intruding on White Southern society they ... ...

• Word Count: 2011
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... political stability and hence nation-state consolidation, legal racial domination was used to unify whites by excluding blacks. Key to the understanding of racial separation, as exemplified by segregation and Jim Crow laws in America and the system of apartheid in South Africa, is the understanding of race itself and the effects of categorizing people by skin color as to provide ... the ending of slavery, northern and southern whites unified regardless of differing political ideologies to assert dominance in political and social spheres. This unification was evident in the creation of J...

• Word Count: 3701
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... self esteem is lowered and how to enhance self esteem. These two topics tie in with the different types of personalities because the type of personality a person has directly influences his/her view of self. Finally this paper will examine one common self esteem related study. There is not much ... esteem. That being said we as humans do know certain things in this broad area and we will begin this paper with a look at personality. There are obviously as many different personalities as people as it is what defines each individual, and these personalities must be integrated in society for ...

• Word Count: 2011
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to the Women's rights movement and her involvement as superintendent of Woman's Christian Temperance Union (W.C.T.U.) before her death in 1911. 20th century African American writers mainly focus on Post-Reconstruction, Jim Crowism, The Great Migration, The Harlem Renaissance, The Chicago Renaissance, Civil Rights and the present. 20th century African American writer still often go back to discuss slavery, its effects on ... , an author by the name of Richard Wright began his literary career. Publishing poetry, short stories, and magazines, Wright popped up on the scene during the Civil R...

• Word Count: 2200
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... love with New York's original landscape (Eric Sanderson, National Geographic 2009)." "For almost a decade he has led a project at WCS to envision as precisely as possible what the island of Manhattan might have looked like before the city took root. The Mannahatta Project, as it's called (after the Lenape people's name for ... "), is an effort to turn back the clock to the afternoon of September 12, 1609, just before Henry Hudson and his crew sailed into New York Harbor and spotted the island. (Peter Miller, National Geographic 2009)" What Sanderson did was take one particular map from h...

• Word Count: 3406
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , "A Beautiful Mind," Universal's prize picture of 2002, was awarded the coveted best picture Oscar at last year's ceremony. Along with last year's award, Universal has produced 18 Oscar winning and 39 Oscar nominated movies. On the contrary, the students of Avonworth were on the mark with their choice of Warner Brothers as the best movie production studio. "Chariots of Fire," "The ... Patient," and "Casablanca," were among the 12 best picture winners for Warner Brothers. Out of the five studios I polled, Twentieth Century Fox received the most nominations and awards, 68 and 39 respectiv...

• Word Count: 564
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... items before they had saved the money. Consumerism, excessive material wealth, and cynicism is portrayed in The Great Gatsby through the obsession with material purchases, the enormous homes on long island, extravagant cars, and lavish parties. Wherever given the opportunity Jay Gatsby is inclined to ostentation which accurately portrays the upper middle class of the time. To gain wealth and power ... social ladder no matter what it takes is a reoccurring theme in the 1920's and is further portrayed by the over-the-top parties Gatsby throws at his mansion on long island. Gatsby's cynici...

• Word Count: 1603
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to the ideology of American exceptionalism and the related issue of America's twelve-year campaign against Islamic terror. Since the terrorist attacks of 9/11, America has expended significant blood and treasure in a perpetual and, by definition, unwinnable "war on terror." According to The Long Shadow of 9/11, a recent Rand Corporation study, more than 70,000 American's have been killed ... ...

• Word Count: 4939
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... more in tax cuts to counter this negative effect on our economy. "At cabinet meetings the president was like a blind man in a room full of deaf people.", said Former Secretary Treasure Paul O"Neil. No one new which way to turn and no one knew exactly how to deal with the economic slump or what the right decision should be in stopping ... ...

• Word Count: 924
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... formulas." Money, budgets whichever the excuse, some feel as I do, if the industry would just take small glance, or try to investigate new possibilities for minorities, they may find a lost treasure that was never rated, nor x-ed. Skin color, lack of diversity, availability, cost or money, whatever it may be hopefully, sometime soon, this industry will take their eyes off the ... ...

• Word Count: 773
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... parliament the influence of the aristocracy and the present parliament whose ancestors had fought for their share of power which was handed over from generation to generation guarded as a precious treasure. He also tried to impose his religious ideas on his subjects in a way that none of the sides was pleased and most of them turned against him. The king lost ... ...

• Word Count: 2825
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... act in a criminally violent manner than those who were exposed to less media violence. In their study, Ferguson et al. randomly selected participants to answer various surveys regarding their general personality, aggressive personality, violent behavior, exposure to family violence, and their video game and television habits. Their data suggested that aggressiveness is most common among males who exhibit a depressive ... personality marked by worry and pessimism. According to the present results, aggressive responses seem to be uninfluenced by media violence exposure (Ferguson et al., 2...

• Word Count: 790
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... many other clandestine sources of aide proved to be very helpful and necessary for being victorious over the British. An important harbor to the Franco-American Alliance was the island of Statia. This island served as the perfect location for evasion of the Navigation Laws before the war, but still assisted the French and American trades throughout the combat. Especially after the ... ...

• Word Count: 1210
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... were of the lower classes. One of the affects from the Giddy Multitude was Shakespeare's Tempest in 1611. In the Tempest, Prosero was sent along with his daughter to Caliban's island. To the English, when the play was first introduced it represented the conquering of the new world as well as the expansion of England to America, with Caliban was the ... was Caliban in the English's eyes? Coming back to the Giddy Multitude, they represented all of the peoples who were not "the lovely whites." Soon after Prospero arrived onto the island, his daughter married the king, Caliban, and Prospero...

• Word Count: 789
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... only allowed religious freedom to a select group due to pressures from England, most were allowed all different kinds of religious freedom. An example of this is the colony of Rhode Island, which was started by a man named Roger Williams in 1636. Williams welcomed everyone; he guaranteed religious freedom to all groups even the Catholics and the Jews. The policy of salutary ... neglect allowed Rhode Island to develop to become the most religiously tolerant of all the colonies. A second example is the colony of Pennsylvania, which was founded by an English man named William Penn. At ... ...

• Word Count: 845
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... correct,"" land unexplored by the West. Columbus' reasoning that he arrived in the "East- was a result of the medieval framework ""Orbis Terrarum: the inhabited world is an island surrounded by water. This island was divided into three continents: Europe, Africa, and India (ie Asia), sometimes represented as a leaf with three segments- (Mason 18). At the time that Columbus set sail to ... ...

• Word Count: 760
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... or without the government's agreement, industrialists would undertake to bring as much of the world as they could under U.S. control. In Hawaii, American industrialists (who were already overtaking the small island nation with their products) overthrew the queen in a violent revolution, which placed the U.S. government in a difficult position. Whether or not to annex the nations became a major issue, and in 1898 ... Maine in the harbor of Havana, Cuba. Despite a lack of evidence, "war hawks" claimed that the Spanish had engineered the explosion that sunk the vessel, as they controlled t...

• Word Count: 1187
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate