... community, which in effect appears to live in the 'online' space of the Internet unlike that of the physical space presented by reality (Allan 2000. Sv "Cybersocieties"). As Beniger notes: "Cyberspace does not merely consist of material objects (such as the computer, modem or telephone line) but also has two major non-material components: relationships among the individuals ... the world, in a revolutionary way. McCarthy identifies six areas where Artificial Intelligence is applied today: computer game playing, speech recognition, the understanding of natural languages, three dimensional...

• Word Count: 3117
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ARPANET was not long-distance computing. Instead, it was news and personal messages. Researchers were using ARPANET to collaborate on projects, to trade notes on work, and eventually, to downright gossip and schmooze." (Sterling, 1993) The desire to communicate and to communicate at speed with 'like-minded' persons for serious research, fun and profit began as an interesting In those times, the networks ... were using the Network Control Protocol (NCP). This standard required all computers and users to use the same ... on the Web, a catalyst in the form of money was added to it. Sudden...

• Word Count: 4375
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• Has Bibliography

... decision about the disposal of nuclear waste without appeal to some moral justification, so must any moral justification finally reflect the development of a technically and ethically informed public consensus. (21) Computer Ethics for Professional and Public Organizations Just as much as environmental ethics, computer ethics constitutes a new dimension of ethical reflection. When electronic computers came on the scene in ... of the importance of this augmentation, designated the personal computer "Machine of the Year" in January 1983. During the remainder of the 1980s computer ethics be...

• Word Count: 6015
• Approx Pages: 24
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... privileges. Conclusion Computer is a very essential things in our life. During the past 10 years, the use of computers in education has increased dramatically and a wide range of educational computer programmes are now widely available for individual and classroom use. However, there has been very little research reported on the effectiveness of such use. The purpose of the present study was therefore to ... -consuming when time is a commodity in short supply. So, while research in these areas is important, the eventual solution would definitely appear to be worldwide conservation and po...

• Word Count: 3020
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... large majority feel that yes, in all of its different forms, it is. The ideal question to be posed is how have computers affected artists and their work? Computers have opened up endless possibilities for artists today. Artists themselves come in all different forms. We typically think of artists in the more traditional sense of visual arts, artists who draw ... p 1) As well as creating new art from scratch, digital modifications to existing work provide a way for an artist to incorporate their traditional and digital artistry skills. For example, John Day, an artist from Portland, Oreg...

• Word Count: 2964
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... outlawed the popular Indy 500 race."" (Nuzum 145). Then there's racism, that ugly little propaganda-plague that has been poisoning the minds of ignorant Americans for centuries. Nobody likes to think of themselves as racists, and most people aren't, but the racist ideas implemented by society into our skulls exist in most of us. In 1974, Eric Clapton found that he had ... a number one single in "I Shot the Sheriff,"" a song written by reggae artist Bob Marley as a protest against police brutality and a plea for social justice. In the year 1992, rapper Ice-T and his band Body Count relea...

• Word Count: 3590
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... an adult site by a new marketing technique that disables options such as the "back," "exit," or "close" navigation buttons. Soap operas, which are extremely popular with adolescents and preadolescents, might be one ideal place for responsible sexual portrayals, yet a recent study of 50 hours of daytime dramas found 156 acts of sexual intercourse with only 5 references to contraception or safe sex. Unmarried ... violence, usually against women. Greater sexual content is also found in videos that depict alcohol use. Music lyrics have become increasingly sexually explicit as well, and at l...

• Word Count: 2528
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... deriving huge market capitalizations; it makes B2C interesting to study from a stock-pricing standpoint. The rest of this paper is dedicated to answering that question: what drives large stock prices and market capitalizations for B2C eCommerce companies that have made little or no profits. 3. Pricing options In terms of understanding the pricing of eCommerce stocks it is important to review classical financial ... the stock should be a function of the growth rate times earnings: P = G * E. The model tends to work well. However, to calculate a reasonable value, it is necessary to have po...

• Word Count: 2785
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... further. There are the Script Kiddies or Cyber-punks. These kids like Cold Fire and Mafia Boy get bored at school and are very skillful with computers and technology. They tend to use their skills for evil and end up getting caught because they brag about their exploits in order to make a ... response to such acts, tougher laws on cyber crime have been created. With the appearance of cyber crime, a new profession for hackers came alive. These hackers have their "white hats" on, and they are also known as ethical hackers (TLC). A "white hat" hacker only attacks systems when authorized by...

• Word Count: 2666
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... is already old news before you even walk out of the store. I feel technology does more good then bad but I will explore both the pros and cons of technology. I used a number of Time Lines as a guide for my report because I feel that when we study the past we learn more about the future. We use the basic ideas of our ancestors, equipped ... see the store merchant still using it today. The abacus was really ancient decent but became popular in 1958 when a user manual was published for the abacus. It explains how you can do multiplication, division, square roots and cubic root arithmetic w...

• Word Count: 2656
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... further. There are the Script Kiddies or Cyber-punks. These kids like Cold Fire and Mafia Boy get bored at school and are very skillful with computers and technology. They tend to use their skills for evil and end up getting caught because they brag about their exploits in order to make a ... response to such acts, tougher laws on cyber crime have been created. With the appearance of cyber crime, a new profession for hackers came alive. These hackers have their "white hats" on, and they are also known as ethical hackers (TLC). A "white hat" hacker only attacks systems when authorized by...

• Word Count: 3250
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... a system of trade according to popularity, which is a musical version of the stock exchange. Each artist has a certain number of points that fluctuate depending on their popularity and how many people are buying and selling their stock. For instance, Norah Jones's stock increased by 5.67 the day after she swept the Grammy's. (Considine, 2003) The screen has scrolls information such as artist's numbers ... . There are many factors that the average consumer does not give thought to when considering the position of the record labels such as unrecognized costs, loss of jobs, and the downsizi...

• Word Count: 3321
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... the disaster" (Wood, Part 1). Not only are Database Administrators concerned with the overwhelming need for effective backups, but also with how quickly and efficiently the data can be backed up and recovered. Unfortunately, data is being generated with increasing frequency and volume, and the timeliness and efficiency of backup and recovery are decreasing disproportionately. Therefore, DBA's must explore different means of backup in order to ... output channels in a server Limited scalability of the backup application Inability to keep all tape drives streaming at one time Six hours is...

• Word Count: 2947
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... network from other networks. The use of e-mail virus scanners on all computers is another line of defense. Information is another defense mechanism. Keeping up-to-date security patches for operating systems and server software. Patches are security updates that cover known holes in the security system (Crume, 2000). Cyber-crimes being rampant There are many reasons why cyber-crimes are ... cyber-space isn't a zone or sphere. Since cyber-crimes are based on cyber-space, we must understand that cyber-space is owned by no one, it isn't home for anyone and that no person should expect prote...

• Word Count: 3531
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• Has Bibliography

... American workforce will be telecommuter or home office workers (Ruhling, 2000, p. 54-60 & Nie, 1999, p. 50-2). This includes full-time, part time workers, self-employed and those who work for wages and salaries, operating primarily out of their home. People work at home as part of virtual organizations or offices on the other side of the globe, in the next ... to take a break from teaching to start learning computer technologies. Teachers must be treated like the professional they are. Teacher's creativity is a powerful force for positive education change and will thrive only if unleashe...

• Word Count: 5590
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... need ever be revealed to the participants. The USPA modifies the procedure at each level they are: • permits pen register and trap and trace orders for electronic communications (e.g., e-mail) • authorizes nationwide execution of court orders for pen registers, trap and trace devices, and access to stored e-mail or communication records • treats stored voice mail like stored e-mail (rather than like telephone conversations) & ... books you had perused while visiting the public library. This provision extends a low standard of proof - far less than probable cause -- to actual "conte...

• Word Count: 4175
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... This site will market the often hard to get specialist products which serious hardcore gamers want to purchase. These products include such things as engineered precision mouse pad surfaces and high definition resolution mice for pinpoint accuracy. The majority of these products are sold on American websites or in American gaming stores, which makes them so hard to procure. Dealing with exchange rates ... , shipping costs and unknown arrival time often puts gamers off, this is where this site can step in and fill the void. The creation of this website will hope to capture or ... many fo...

• Word Count: 4035
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... in order to be successful; their PC would need to feature an open design or architecture. IBM permitted additional manufactures to create hardware and software for their systems. This allowed the IBM PC market to grow at a rapid pace, increasing product variety at a lower cost. Macintosh ran ... there are buttons on the top of the device used to select items on the screen. Most mice will also include a wheel or a similar device that allows for scrolling through menus, and pages on the screen. Another pointing device that is similar to the mouse is the Trackball, which ... your computer, ...

• Word Count: 7384
• Approx Pages: 30
• Grade Level: High School

... in 1998, we have a full blown "modern scandal" of our own. But a fundamental change separates modern-day presidential scandals from those in the past: publicity. Except for Cleveland's paternity case and recent allegations against Bill Clinton, presidential love scandals have "always come out after the fact," says James W. Davis, author of "The American Presidency." "Tongue-wagging" was kept to a minimum in ... story "is all based on a series of leaks," she notes. "Ever since Watergate, society has said 'Let's investigate our officials at a different level.'" The Clinton sex scandal su...

• Word Count: 4649
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

... . No matter what the form of media looked at, they all have the ability of being either an aid to business's success or a detriment. The press and the media are responsible for reporting news, issues and events as clearly as possible. Any distortions can cause the message being sent to be misinterpreted or completely wrong. News organizations are given a responsibility of representing the ... understanding to occur. The media becomes successful in connecting the ethics of business with the consumer mind when all is done in the correct context and with no distortions at all. For the media...

• Word Count: 3511
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... new medium, the Internet needs to be studied in a way that reflects the vast amount of different types of tasks that its audience uses it for. Newhagen and Rafaeli propose utilizing a uses and gratifications perspective in studying the Internet because of the broad range of communication opportunities that it offers. Ruggiero asserts that the emergence of computer-mediated communications has ... regarding the use of focus group interviews. The central assumption regards openness and candor of the group. She states "candor is permitted both because the members of the group understand and...

• Word Count: 3136
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... License or Netscape Public License further removes some of the GPL licensing constraints whereby it allows creating add-on proprietary source code that interacts through APIs with original codes and licenses them for a fee. Linux in further development have embraced GPL license which makes it inherits a few important characteristics of the copyleft licensing, described as follow: 1. Linux distribution covered by ... , refer to www.dell.com • The City of Largo, Florida, reported saving of $1 million per year in April 2002. On developer companies side, Linux provide tools and momentum f...

• Word Count: 5602
• Approx Pages: 22
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... raw sexual imagery and for blurring the lines between adult and child pornography. Clothing stores in Tokyo think nothing of displaying provocative photographs of topless preteen girls in seductive, adult poses, and residential mailboxes get stuffed with ads for sex services that are illustrated with graphic photos of high school girls performing sex acts. It is open to theory why Japanese men find very young ... girls sexually attractive. Experts on sexuality and women's rights say that as women have begun to assert themselves, ... the traditional lack of equality between the sexes ha...

• Word Count: 3479
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... 's appeal The file-sharing program Napster is enormously popular with music downloaders. More than half of them have used the software to locate and download tunes. And, despite the relatively small song catalogs on many music downloaders" computers, lots of Napster users have increased the number of music files they ... allowed Internet users to access a vast online music library, settled copyright infringement suits this summer with Warner Music Group, BMG Entertainment, EMI, and Sony Music Entertainment. In return for the right to make songs from those labels available online, MP3.com ...

• Word Count: 3241
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... which was called ARPANET, after its Pentagon sponsor. The nodes of the network were high-speed supercomputers. (supercomputers at the time, desktop machines now) Thanks to APRANET scientists and researchers could share one another's computer facilities over long-distances. By the second year of its operation however, APRANET's users had warped the high cost, computer sharing network into ... salacious privately published novel, An American Playground, based on his experience with casinos. The other, also privately published, is titled "The Pornographer's Handbook: How to Exploit Women, ...

• Word Count: 2502
• Approx Pages: 10