In view of the "laws of history" which Marx claimed to have discovered, Marxists mostly see development as inevitably involving a long and painful process in which capitalism matures, self-destructs and is transcended. ... For example, the privatisation of land by landowners meant that villagers lost the rights to use common land and Thomas 1968 identified this as "a plain enough case of class robbery, played according to fair rules of property and law laid down by a parliament of property owners and lawyers."" ... For example, they may have achieved macroeconomic stabilit...

• Word Count: 1946
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

In South Africa, segregation took form in what some might call the extreme, as South African law justified it. ... The reason for the actions of the South African government to create this law was to make sure that there would be no unified resistance against the government. 1950 saw the rise of another law that limited the rights of the non-whites. ... Not only was South Africa affected economically, but it was thrown from major international sports competitions as well. ... Although international reactions played important parts in the end of these cruelties, student oriented organizations w...

• Word Count: 1892
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Early Monday morning, 21st of March 1960, Africans throughout the nation gathered within their towns at the request of Robert Sobukwe, the PAC leader, to protest against the pass laws. The pass laws demanded that every African carry a passport containing information about their employment, criminal record, residential address and areas they are allowed to be in, to name a few. ... "The Commission finds that the police deliberately opened fire on an unarmed crowd that had gathered peacefully at Sharpeville on 21 March 1960 to protest against the pass laws. ... The people of South Africa have sh...

• Word Count: 1663
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Amnesty International states, "If hanging a man by his arms, until he suffers excruciating pain is rightly condemned as torture, how does one describe hanging by his neck until he is dead? ... International Debate Education Association states that already over 20 innocent people have been executed in the USA in the 20th century. ... This quote is from Issues In Society: Law and Order. ...

• Word Count: 1379
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

According to Braun, "from 1998 through 2008, at least 7,445 wild lions were traded internationally with the United States importing a minimum of 4,021 lions. Additionally, 64 percent of the 5,663 wild lions traded internationally for recreational trophy hunting purposes were imported to the united States" (newswatch.nationalgeographic.com). ... Braun points out that there have been efforts by animal welfare groups that include the African lion among the list of endangered species in order to increase its protection by law. In so doing, the African lion is likely to be safe from unpr...

• Word Count: 1416
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"In most African countries customary, rather than civil law is still the first resort of most citizens." ( Document 1) Many Africans live in rural areas and are governed by customary law. ... Customary law allows violence against women and women have no say over their bodies. ... Although in many African countries governments establish laws to protect the human rights of its people, these laws are inaccessible to populations that are illiterate and have limited education whereas customary law is very accessible. ... This initiative is vital if customary law is to help fight AIDS. ... The fi...

• Word Count: 1425
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Africa is a continent that has strict rules and laws for its citizens. ... These three factors can answer the multitude of the questions that the international community is struggling to answer for a long time as "why is it that in Africa people are always fighting and dying?" ... Still, the World bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) cannot leave the sinking countries to survive on their own, that is why international organizations are subsidizing the governments and the economic activities of the poorest countries in the world. ... The North African's African economies" relatio...

• Word Count: 1303
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The decline of the Black Rhino has alarmed many conservationists, but there isn't much known about what type of law enforcement or what kind of economic incentives there are for illegal exploitation. ... Organized and local gangs have very different reactions to law enforcement. Local poachers will respond to local investment schemes, but the discouragement of organized gangs can only be achieved with improved law enforcement operations. ... The Worldwide Fund for Nature has been relocating rare black rhino to areas in South Africa where the animals will hopefully breed says Jacques Flama...

• Word Count: 1417
• Approx Pages: 6

At the international conference in Paris Leopold drew many ideas and tactic that he would use to set up the Belgian Free State. ... An international committee was established to develop' central Africa. The African International Association(A.I.A) was set up. ... Because the country was under private control meant those with power were not bound by any responsibility to any government and could act outside the law. ... At the Berlin Conference in eighteen eighty- four fourteen international powers were represented. ...

• Word Count: 2347
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Human trafficking is "all acts involved in the recruitment, abduction, transport, harboring, transfer, sale or receipt of persons, within national or across international borders, through force, coercion, fraud or deception."... With approximately 20.9 million victims globally and over 800,000 being trafficked internationally yearly, it is an ever expanding problem. ... The Causes International human trafficking can be attributed to many causes, these include; low economic status and a low GDP in affected countries meaning the majority of the population are living in poverty, little political...

• Word Count: 2490
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Prince Henry the Navigator Prince Henry the Navigator seldom left Portugal, but he helped make it possible for the first Europeans to explore Africa. In Henry's time, the ocean was very dangerous and Africa was a mysterious place that seemed to contain endless miles of sand. Today we know t...

• Word Count: 2251
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

Some laws during this time were the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act of 1949, and the Population Registration Act of 1950 which made racial classification legal. ... The structural adjustment programs from the IMF (international monetary fund) and the world bank and they were also known as SAP's. ...

• Word Count: 1660
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

However, Moyo fails to recognize institutions as key aspect to growth in China and East Asia, by instituting property rights, patents and law they were able to create monetary polices which stirred growth within their economies. ... This is the only time in the book she argues in favour of institutions, property rights and rule of law. ... It is better to work with national governments on how to spur growth rather than establishing International Organizations to act in place of national governments. ...

• Word Count: 1763
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The national labor laws of the country set the minimum age at 18 for hazardous work; at 16 for 'light underground work," and 12 for light agricultural work. While the Ivorian Ministry of Labor's record on preventing violations of these laws in the formal employment sector is a success, they have not been as effective in the informal sector or in hidden areas, which happen to be where the guilty cocoa farms are located. Meanwhile education laws have not been enforced effectively and therefore contribute to the ease in which children can drift into the employment sector. ... Especial...

• Word Count: 2438
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This statement is more apt because many events in international and national history have almost caused the end of the free, democratic world. ... Another example is apartheid and Jim Crow laws. It was an act of obedience that allowed such laws to be rampant not only in the United States, but in Africa as well, causing the almost subsequent end of a free, democratic world...

• Word Count: 1508
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It is not getting any better and they are making more rules to resume selling ivory: Recent changes to the ivory ban, known as the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), have allowed southern African nations, where elephants are more abundant, to resume selling ivory. ... These laws are not making the environment any safer for the community of the animal kingdom. ...

• Word Count: 1351
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography

Prior to partition, the European powers had to contend with the varying moods of African governments that, although dependent on international trade, still exercised significant control over their economic development. ... More particular, there were not composed laws or medicinal offices until the colonizers brought them to the districts. ... This battle over evaluating highlights the difficulties confronted by poor nations in an undeniably worldwide business sector where most medication organizations are ensured by patent laws protected by the World Trade Organization (Bhatt). ...

• Word Count: 2178
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

"Christian-Muslim conflict, international commerce, sugar and New World incursion were foremost in creating circumstances whereby the African emerged as the principal source of servile labor, laying the foundations of the modern world. " (Gomez 2005, 59) It was common for a mother and daughter, working in a yam field near by their home, to be taken by their captives, their family never seeing them again. ...

• Word Count: 1892
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography