The responses to these huge humanitarian explosions have been the consequent formation of international refugee protection regime. ... After the Second World War, the development of the international refugee protection regime continued to gather momentum irrespective of difficulties. ... Together with other hybrid of international agencies, national governments and voluntary international nongovernmental organizations, the UNHCR has positioned itself to fulfil its mandate and obligations to refugees in spite of all odds. The Origins of the international Refugee Regime - 1920's It is gene...

• Word Count: 4488
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Finally, it will conclude with asserting the need of having a coherent enforcement mechanism to comply states with the International Humanitarian Law. Under International Humanitarian law, international armed conflicts refer to those waged between states, or between a state and a national liberation movement in the state itself. The goal of International Humanitarian Law is to humanize individuals involved in those conflicts, in efforts to minimize the human suffering and negative outcomes of wars. ... The development and sophistication of weapons in our modern times has made it easier f...

• Word Count: 903
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The purpose of this essay is to talk about balance of power in the international scene where polarity plays an important role. It is necessary first to understand what is balance of power, and what constitute a polarized international arena. ... "1 Polarity is defined by how the power is distributed in the international scenario. ... Morgenthau believed that post war international relations were shaped by bipolarity and nuclear weapons. ... From the Concert of Europe to the End of the Cold War, "The Concert of Europe, as it began to be called at the time, had ... a reality in intern...

• Word Count: 1317
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The United States needs to help establish an international criminal tribunal that tries the individuals for committing genocide during a conflict. ... The International Community must enforce the laws of the Genocide Convention to ensure that there will no longer be any more genocide. ... There are some countries that are a part of the international community who could easily act alone against genocide. ... The International Community along with the United States need to realize that genocide isn't going to end with just the signing of a paper. ... The international community must lay d...

• Word Count: 1647
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

EVOLUTION OF INTERNATIONAL STATE SYSTEM Introduction Through time the international system has undergone considerable change and evolution. ... The State System in this arena was affected by Industrial Revolution, representative governments, political changes, growth of international law, emergence of international organization, economic interdependence, revolution in the means of transport and communication. ... This meant that international politics and wars revolved around a few families. ... The 18th century saw two international conflicts after some 20 years of relative peace, i....

• Word Count: 1478
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

(Charter, United Nations) International law prohibits the use of force against territorial integrity and sovereignty of any state. ... Therefore Russian annexation of Crimea is an open violation of the international law as it invaded Crimea under the shelter of political crisis in Crimea and used the force. ... These stats show that the world regards this annexation of Crimea as the violation of international law. ... Moreover this bill is incompatible with the international law as it is against territorial integrity of state. ... Moreover annexation can't be justified because Russia has...

• Word Count: 1471
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography

This was still a problem because this is the first that such an event had occurred and this is was when the concept of International Law had come from for the countries to properly persecute the Nazi officials. ... The charter is known as London Charter of the International Military Tribunal. ... The most notable on is how it has changed international law, because the Allied Powers have/had different ways of dealing with such actions they had to come to a compromise that fitted all their interests on how the trials were to be conducted. ... The other type of positive change that these Nurembe...

• Word Count: 1281
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There was a paradigm shift in the international community in regards to justice being brought upon those who commit these crimes and the common thought or feeling that this could "never again" happen was rampant. ...

• Word Count: 4395
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Indeed, much of the international law governing the jurisdiction of states is premised upon it. ... While classical international law restricts the rights of states to act within the territory of other states, and although during the Cold War the norms prohibiting intervention helped to prevent direct conflict between the Superpowers. There also arose during the post-WWII period a conflict in international law between statists and interventionists. ... While article 2.7 of the United Nations Charter prohibits unilateral or multilateral intervention in matters that are "essentially" within th...

• Word Count: 2503
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Indeed, much of the international law governing the jurisdiction of states is premised upon it. ... While classical international law restricts the rights of states to act within the territory of other states, and although during the Cold War the norms prohibiting intervention helped to prevent direct conflict between the Superpowers. There also arose during the post-WWII period a conflict in international law between statists and interventionists. ... While article 2.7 of the United Nations Charter prohibits unilateral or multilateral intervention in matters that are "essentially" within th...

• Word Count: 2503
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Thus the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal was created. ... The Nuremberg Trials were not the first international attempt to address the boundaries of behavior by nations in war. ... After the verdicts were carried out, and the majority of the defendants executed, the international legal community and the world press had time to reflect on the trials. ... He stated, "it is sometimes said that there is no international law of war crimes." ... These facts are enough to call into question the validity of the trial being fair under the law. ...

• Word Count: 2850
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Firstly, the Jews of Germany were subjected to a series of discriminatory laws, including the Nuremberg Laws introduced in 1935, in which the Nazi revoke Reich citizenship for Jews and prohibit Jews from marrying or having sexual relations with persons of German. ... At the Doctors' trial in 1947 after the Holocaust, several of the doctors argued in their defense that there was no international law regarding medical experimentation. ... Firstly, the Jews of Germany were subjected to a series of discriminatory laws, including the Nuremberg Laws introduced in 1935, in which the Nazi revoke ...

• Word Count: 973
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

They can now create worldwide laws, and everybody is afraid to oppose them. ... They managed to restrict nations by creating international laws using their political influence. Some of them are practical, however there are some laws that weakens other countries. Still those politicians represent the prevalent power on international meetings. ... Nations need equivalence in international assemblies, and they ought to create the international army, which keeps the peace. ...

• Word Count: 854
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

The growth of human rights has created new features and elements to international law by redefining the relationship that exists between nations and their citizens. ... There are now opportunities for individuals to make claims of human rights violations under international law which redefines the traditional view of international law. ... It was after World War II that the international community saw a need for an international organization that would promote international security and peace, and fundamental freedom. ... The Holocaust proved a need for an international system of justice for w...

• Word Count: 2093
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Such a tragic event in history is bound to be analyzed and portrayed in various different ways, but again, we must ask ourselves: was the decision to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki ethical, legal according to international law, or even necessary? After reading this novel and extensively researching the topic, readers should believe that the decision to drop the atomic bomb was unethical, illegal according to international law, and indisputably unnecessary. ... It can be inferred that the decision to drop the atomic bomb was horribly unethical, but it can also be concluded that...

• Word Count: 966
• Approx Pages: 4

Up to the 20th century, there was not any international institutions with monitoring function. ... The commands of God and the laws of nature are the main subject in his doctrine. ... However, during the 19th century human rights doesn't yet exist as a separate chapter of international law. ... On October 12 1929 between the end of World War 1 and the outbreak of World War 2 was the adoption of the Declaration des droits internationaux de l'homme by the Institute of International Law. This declaration emphasized the relationship between the state and citizens as a matter of domestic...

• Word Count: 1043
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

We will not get into international law, but a problem with it is that many nations are suspicious of law originating in the West. The International Court of Justice rules on disputes between states, and provides advice. ... The International Court of Justice only has jurisdiction if both parties agree. Similar to a nation's code of law, international laws are made and followed according to the rule of precedence. ... Using these cases develop norms in international society. ...

• Word Count: 2718
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

This growing assertiveness has led the international community to believe that Russia will no longer adhere to its liberal norms. ... Realism, in the context of international relations, argues that states are rational actors, who undertake measures to ensure their own survival, in a world governed by anarchy. As there is no overriding authority in the international system, states are responsible for their own security, which can only be achieved through the accumulation of power. ... The military actions pursued, demonstrates Russia's disregard for international norms which can be justifi...

• Word Count: 544
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

He said that America was not fighting for riches or territory, but rather, to shape international order in which democracy could flourish. ... He was criticized as an impractical dreamer who failed to understand that the international order is, and always will be anarchic and unruly, outside the rule of law, where only military force can effectively protect the nation's security. Those who defended Wilson argue that his idealism was in a kind of higher realism, claiming that when Wilson said that this would be "a war to end war," he recognized that armed conflict on the scale of W...

• Word Count: 476
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One factor is that public figures of democratic nations are more inclined to create diplomatic organizations to relieve international tensions. ... Congress that was signed into law by President Ronald Reagan in 1984.This institution is an American non-partisan, independent, federal institution that works to prevent, mitigate, and resolve violent conflict around the world. ... Roosevelt proposed the United Nations in hopes to promote international cooperation and to achieve peace and security. ... Decisions and laws are made solely by the Party, with the general public having absolutely no po...

• Word Count: 1669
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

World peace through international government and law is an ancient idea that has mightily fastened itself on the minds of people throughout the ages. ... In a world that is being transformed by complex financial systems and revolutionary information technologies into a vast global marketplace, an effective international system of law is needed now more than ever. ... This forewarned destruction might seem impossible in a post-Cold War era, yet international law is still needed to prevent technological warfare. ... It is currently ineffective in solving international disputes; however, humanity...

• Word Count: 5612
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: High School

However, the third world does not operate by the same type of laws or mindset as the United States of America. When it comes to humanitarian law, the United States War on Terror" has done as much, if not more, against these international laws than the terrorists! ... How do you expect these people to follow laws when under oppression! ... In addition, the United States has been contradictory in how it enforces international law and resolutions by the United Nations. Americans rarely enforce law in an allied country because of the possibility of political backlash. ...

• Word Count: 1223
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

In twentieth century Europe a lot of peace treaties were signed, such as treaty of Sten Stefanov, treaty of Versailes, and Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. ... According to Erez Manela, self-determination is "the centre of the discourse of legitimacy in international relations [in the twentieth century]" (Chernev 369). ... Nowadays, there is still question under the international law about of the legitimacy of the usage of self-determination. ...

• Word Count: 709
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

This definition, along with many international laws, was established by the Geneva Convention. ... The United Nations has also cracked down on foreign countries to ensure that all international laws are met. ...

• Word Count: 827
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

"The brigade was the first racially integrated military unit in U.S. history and was the first time a black commander, Oliver Law led white soldiers." ... The International brigade in whole consisted of 35,000 volunteers from 52 different countries. ... The headquarters of the American brigade was positioned in the town of Figueras close to the French border and the headquarters of the International brigade was in Albacete, in the south. ... Under the command of Robert Merriman the International brigade was trained and prepared for battle. ... This route was an essential supply road of t...

• Word Count: 1995
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School