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HOBBIES

 

So why quit the state of nature then? Well Locke saw it as very non-conducive to the highest enjoyments of man, most importantly private property. In the state of nature, since all men were equal as kings, no man's property was at all private nor was it safe as every man had a natural right to everything. So for the sake of the safety of lives, liberties, and private properties he joins in community with other men under the rule of a sovereign power whose sole purpose is to see that each man's life, liberty and private property is secure and safe. As long as the sovereign power protects those three assets (among others) of his subjects then it is a good and just sovereignty. However as soon as it stops fulfilling its end of the deal, a la King George III, then it ceases to serve its function thus allowing its subjects to subscribe to another, more just sovereign. .
             Clearly Locke was unafraid of what the in-between periods of lawlessness would bring - an idea that Hobbes was obsessed with fearing. He felt without a ruler man was back in the state of nature, where he would be returned to his brutish, harsh, in short hellish existence. Locke would scoff at the idea. Since the need to protect private property is what drove man to establish a sovereign then that same need would have him appoint a new, more just sovereign. The state of nature is not deadly, just inconvenient he would say - like a passing purgatory into a social, civilized heaven. .
             Locke clearly delineates the bounds between a state of nature and the state of war, a difference that Hobbes denies; Hobbes felt the two were one and the same. One can even sense that Locke is answering Hobbes, i.e. some men', in chapter 19 of the Two Treatises. "And here we have the plain difference between the state of nature and the state of war, which however some men have confounded, are as far distant as a state of peace, goodwill, mutual assistance, and preservation; and a state of enmity, malice, violence, and mutual destruction are one from another.


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