There was five main causes that led to the revolution; Increase in population, inventions, development of world trade, accumulation of capital (people with money would invest), and the end of feudalism. Technological advancements around the 1700's were a major reason for the revolution to occur. It was a change on how the world produced its goods. For example, textile production became more industrialized by the use of machines. More jobs were being operated, yet workers who performed manual labor were being put out of their jobs. Government also helped encourage the revolution because of their political stability. Also, the founding of the Bank of England in 1694 encouraged a strong banking and credit system, which led to capitalism. This encouraged investment. Eventually, newer commercial entrepreneurs would build and operate factories, foundries, and railroads.
The beginning of the Industrial Revolution produced growth in many fields such as agricultural, textile, clothing and fabrics, etc. It was a manufacturing economy, which is also a surplus economy. In this type a economy a person's productive labor needs to produce more than they need to keep life and the cycle going. This brought the need for people to consume as much as possible. In textiles, the cotton gin was the first technological innovation followed by the flying shuttle in 1733 was one of the first major improvements for production. Also, the spinning Jenny, water-loom, and the separation of seeds from their fibers saved time Production increased greatly because the weaving and spinning of cotton and wool went faster. Along with increases in production, the amount of jobs produced grew. Immigrants began working in the factories. They labored over the machinery for long days, and worked for little pay. Many different machines were being used and invented in the factories so there was an increase need or demand for operators.