The Astins continue, "We believe that the value ends of leadership should be to enhance equity, social justice, and the quality of life; to expand access and opportunity" (Astin & Astin). Thus, leaders are concerned about the concerns of the people they interact with, their "followers," so to speak.
Many experts maintain leadership is also a "group" process. It is difficult to lead when there is no one to follow, so leaders have to be part of a group to be effective. Think of some of the greatest leaders and that becomes apparent. Dwight D. Eisenhower was considered one of the greatest leaders during World War II, and he rose to be President of the United States. He was a great leader because he anticipated the other side's strategies during the war, and helped orchestrate D-Day, which turned the tide of the war. In addition, he was a great leader because he earned the respect of his troops and later the American people and he created change, from creating an innovative way to invade Europe and eventually turn the tide of the war to bringing the nation back to prosperity after the war. The people followed him because they believed in his abilities, and that is an important aspect of a great leader.
Other great leaders illustrate the aspect of change and followers. Perhaps the best example is Ronald Reagan, who remains one of the most popular American presidents even today. Reagan instigated change, like "Reagan-nomics" when the economy faltered, and even helped influence the eventual fall of the Soviet Union and the Berlin Wall, both major changes in the 20th century, but his Republican followers remain intensely loyal and proud of their leader, even referring to themselves as "Reagan Republicans." Thus, he generated loyalty and hope in his followers, and those are also very important aspects of a great leader.
It is important to remember that not all leaders are positive. Leaders can still influence people and create change, but not for the good of the people around them.
