The factions can be destroyed or the differences in society can be harmonized to prevent a cleavage. The second solution is hard to actualize because diversity is a core feature of any society. Recognizing the mighty that majority factions woo have, Madison says that their emergence can be solved by preventing their formation or limiting their action. .
For Madison, the very existence of the law was inspired and necessitated by the violent and turbulent nature of man. A direct democracy would bring all these conflicts to the forefront and make the situation worse. A representative democracy, on the other hand, would ensure that it is possible to make common decisions. He makes a case for the fitness of the representatives, and says that the entire selection process sieves out society for a few interested and qualified individuals. Madison also makes a case for a large republic in both essays. To him, a small republic has a limited amount of land and territory with a small number of people within it. This scenario favours the formation of large majorities that will take over power. In a large republic, the size of the country and the large population limit the formation of large majority groups. Indeed, there will be groups that have more numbers than the others but none of them will have the power to subjugate all other groups. That or the majority will be too big to be homogenous in it. Madison points out that even electioneering is an art in big democracies as it is not possible to bribe all election officials within a large one. A representative democracy also ensures that the needs of the people can be refined and filtered into only the essential ones. It is important to note that the plan was completely different to Hamilton's plan. He was convinced that class struggle was assured and the only way to stem its spread was to ensure that there was a large federal government in power with small political units that governed their limited land areas.
