... SNCF employees were also resisters who were killed by the Nazis (AOL News). While many survivors and their descendants do not agree that the apology was sincere, French historians and Holocaust experts say that SNCF has taken on more than its fair share of guilt (The Age). Arno Klarsfeld, a Paris lawyer and son ... SNCF has tarnished the memory of 1,647 train drivers who were executed or deported and never came back. It discards the role of German authorities and the French Vichy state and lessens the responsibility of those who took charge of deporting the Jews who lived in France," he...

• Word Count: 1041
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... public and a nation as a whole. Artists have been used again and again by the prevailing government to promote their belief and dogma. Hendrik Hofgen exemplified one of these artists. His sayings and public speeches were very influential in selling and justifying Nazi policies and acts. The Nazis knew very well how to utilize a public figure to their advantage. This method is ... ...

• Word Count: 3223
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... the United States. General George Patton is one of the most colorful World War II generals. He was an outspoken, dramatic and tough man. In one of his most memorable sayings, he sums up his philosophy of war and what he is like on a battlefield, "The object of war is not to die for your country but to make the other ... ...

• Word Count: 916
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... the entire Mediterranean basin. Again, they were nowhere near as racially pure as the Germans but Hitler needed allies, particularly to isolate the French. Therefore the Italians fit nicely into both Hitler's scheme of racial dogma and power politics. In the chapter on "Eastern Orientation or ... after Mussolini's November 1, 1936 speech when he enthusiastically proclaimed the famous words about the Axis, not only meant steady support against the French it served as the crucial first step toward the Anschluss. (13) No longer would the Italians act as staunch defenders of the internation...

• Word Count: 8102
• Approx Pages: 32
• Grade Level: High School

... were terribly beaten. by the next spring, France had fallen into German hands. The British army had to flee the Continent and escaped from the French port of Dunkirk with frightful losses. In the summer of 1940 the Germans, with their allies, the Italians, controlled all of western Europe. The ... become the invaded rather than the invaders. Hitler threatened to invade England. He went so far as to assemble a fleet of barges along the French coast, planning to use them as assault boats. But he hesitated because he realized the risks of an amphibious attack. Also, he knew that ... its ...

• Word Count: 3362
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... the attack and keep the momentum going. The tank was used as a separate unit and thus was not hindered by slow infantry unlike the French tactics with tanks. The armored cars were used to protect the tanks from enemy units getting too close to the tanks. Following all of ... they were geographically unable to assist Poland. Poland was simply unreachable, as Germany was in the way. Against France it was much different. The French were in a defensive mentality. It was folly of them to believe that they would be safe behind their Maginot Line. The Luftwaffe could simply ... fly over this ...

• Word Count: 661
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... was in the way of the German attack (Shirer 991). Hitler then ordered the attack on Belgium, Holland and France. The British and French had predicted that the German attack would come through Belgium. So the British and French forces moved north into Belgium to meet the German advance. The Germans again used overpowering blitzkrieg tactics and quickly overwhelmed Holland. The main ... German attack began further to the south, as the bulk of the British and French army prepared to meet the Germans in Belgium. The Germans eventually broke through the French defenses, and by May 21, had ca...

• Word Count: 3236
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... heart of Germany) declared a general strike and received financial support from the government in Berlin, which called for a campaign of passive resistance. The French wanted reparations for damage in World War 1 and wanted Germany also to be stripped of wealth. The French also didn't want to pay tax and believed it should come out of the Germans pocket. On 11 January the ... French forced their way into the Rurh to get the reparations. Germans who lived in this area were subjected to personal searches and interrogation by ... occupying French police. Due to the invasion by the French;...

• Word Count: 2583
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... its terms and move on. Instead it was only harsh enough to make life incredibly hard for a few years, just long enough to fester hatred for the Allies, especially the French. The main reason the treaty failed to keep the peace is because the Allies all had separate agendas. Britain wanted increase their colonial power all over the world. France wanted ... dismantled. This zone was created for France as a buffer zone, so that in the future any wars between France and Germany could be fought on German soil, as opposed to French soil. On March 7th 1936 three divisions of German troops marc...

• Word Count: 2784
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... of his most famous speeches that he has made. In it he addressed Great Britain about the breakthrough through the French lines and that the German infantry had advanced. Throughout his speech he tries to instill confidence about the British and French efforts to prevent Germany's invasion. Just a few hours after Nazi Germany invaded Holland, Belgium, the Netherlands, were called to replace ... high resolve in the face of mortal danger that he had given his countrymen while they had fought on alone for over a year. Churchill stated that he feels that the French are geniuses at attack and...

• Word Count: 833
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... German border. This was the monkey wrench in the German plans for attack. Under Schlieffen's plan German forces had to attack and defeat the French before Russia could attack her. Russia can be commended for her swift mobilization, part of Russian mobilization involved military control in the front line ... recruit women and children into its work after it began to run short of ammunition. The same crisis was facing the other superpowers, highly skilled French, English and Russian were removed from production. Raw materials, food production and munitions began to deteriorate. France bega...

• Word Count: 757
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... is little mention of war atrocities at all. Of what is mentioned, there is little concern minded to it. If this sample demographic is accurate, we must assume that the French community existed in passive acceptance of the German regime. Only isolated pockets showed any concern or resistance. The priest who harbors the young Jewish boys, and the waiter who defends ... his Jewish customer, for example. It seems that most French people at the time were more afraid for themselves and the fate of the Jews. Can they be blamed for this attitude? Prisoners in the concentration camps were forced...

• Word Count: 1581
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... is little mention of war atrocities at all. Of what is mentioned, there is little concern minded to it. If this sample demographic is accurate, we must assume that the French community existed in passive acceptance of the German regime. Only isolated pockets showed any concern or resistance. The priest who harbors the young Jewish boys, and the waiter who defends ... his Jewish customer, for example. It seems that most French people at the time were more afraid for themselves and the fate of the Jews. Can they be blamed for this attitude? Prisoners in the concentration camps were forced...

• Word Count: 1581
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... was still in uniform and still drew his rations and pay from the army. In December 1918, he volunteered for guard duty in a prisoner-of-war camp containing Russian and French soldiers. By the end of January the prisoners were sent home and the camp closed. Along with the other soldiers, Hitler was arrested by Freikorps men when they seized Munich ... Germans supported his ideas. At the end of 1922, the Germans asked France for a break of the payments they were required to pay according to the Treaty of Versailles. The French Government refused the proposal and occupied the Ruhr Valley a...

• Word Count: 2792
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... in Europe that were mentioned above can be broken into two significant responses. the American or U.S. response and the British response. First, the British response. The British, like Germans and French, were still rebuilding after World War I. So, at first their response, in Europe was appeasement then as Germany started getting stronger the more Britain change their response. The British Prime ... was going to Britain and France and in return going back to the United States and pay back to the war loans. The Untied States dealt with the British and French on a Cash and carry basis. T...

• Word Count: 1004
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... he really wasn't. He was from Britain and they let him lie, so they could feel proud of him and their country. ~Treaty of Versailles~ In 1917, along with the French and British, the United States joined. On November 11 1918, all of the countries signed a paper saying that they would all talk/consider peace. In June 2 (or 22 for that ... all in Versailles, France). After this treaty was signed, Germany was forced to sign a War Guilt Clause saying they caused the war. If they didn't sign the War Guilt, the French and British said they would start war again on Germany. Germany had to pay f...

• Word Count: 764
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... out of the war in better shape economically than the winners. (Bergan, 27) They did however lose the fertile area of the Rhineland, had to pay huge reparations to the French and British and lost their ability to defend themselves being limited to a 100,000 man army. (Lecture) The mere thought of losing the war, losing territory and the idea of ... although created a vicious circle, an economic bubble ready to pop. With the U.S loaning money to Germany to keep the economy stable, the Germans were using that money to pay the French and British for reparations, who in turn is paying that m...

• Word Count: 1653
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... prepare to be invaded by Allied forces. The "Surrender" of Versailles was signed June 28, 1919 in the same railroad car where the Germans had celebrated the victory over the French in the Franco-Prussian War. The terms of the document signed at Versailles left Germany degraded, weak and embarrassed. They were unable to defend themselves as their once powerful army ... , isolationists in America stopped him politically from using his own ideas about making the world a safer place for democracy. On the other hand, Clemenceau desired revenge on behalf of the French people. France had lost m...

• Word Count: 769
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... was here that the United States, Great Britain and the Soviet Union met to supplement, clarify and implement agreements reached at the Yalta Conference. The agreement divided Germany into U.S., British, French, and Russian occupation zones, under the four-power Allied Control Council. It abolished Nazi military and political power, provided for war crime trials, controlled the German economy and production, and ... -communism became an industry. The Cold War was in full effect as Europe was anticipating a war between the United States and the Soviet Union. To show its effect on Europe, "...

• Word Count: 2238
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... keep it. They wanted to make sure that France doesn't start again a war of aggression so they thought that France shouldn't be weakened too much. The French diplomat, called Talleyrand, who represented the restored French king Louis XVIII, succeeded an equal share in the decisions to secure France. Castleraugh represented Britain, Russia was represented by Czar Alexander I., Prussia was represented by King ... ...

• Word Count: 645
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... to establish terms of peace began at the Palace of Versailles. 32 countries attended ,but the major decisions were decided by the Big Four: Woodrow Wilson of the United States, French Premier Georges Clemenceau, David Lloyd George of Great Britain and Vittorio Orlando of Italy. Russia was not present because they were in the middle of a civil war. Germany and its ... Peace Conference Britain and France partially agreed with Wilson's vision of peace. They were concerned with national security. They also wanted to strip Germany of its war making power. The French wanted to punish Germany....

• Word Count: 1738
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• Grade Level: High School

... "Treaty of Versailles" by sending three battalions of German soldiers to reoccupy the Rhineland, this was a considerable risk. The German high command advised against the measure, as they expected immediate French resistance. Neither Britain nor France wanted to take any action which might have resulted in a war with Germany. Hitler achieved a spectacular success, his policy generally proved popular with the German ... people. The remilitarization of the Rhineland had important results. The French were now with weaker military, while Germany was able to start work on their own fortifica...

• Word Count: 1046
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• Grade Level: High School

... flew to Berchtesgaden and met with hitler. Hitler demanded immediate self-determination for the sudetenland which, in turn , would mean its incorporation into Germany.Chamberlain agreed and formulated the anglo-French plan which provided for all districts with over 50% german-speaking to be transferred to Germany. Czechoslovakia had no alternative but to accept these plants since britian and france would ... on their own. The czechs could never stand up to the Germans alone. Peace in Europe was threatened by the aggressive behaviour of Germany and Italy. Many English and some French sta...

• Word Count: 1287
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• Grade Level: High School

... the War Both in WWI and in WWII Hitler and his allies were triumphant at first: in WWI the Germans defeated the French at Charleroi and the British expeditionary force at Mons. At the same time, Hitler drove the French out of Lorraine, which he had briefly invaded, and back from the borders of Luxembourg. However, as from the Second Battle of ... ...

• Word Count: 937
• Approx Pages: 4
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... warned Russia that this action would cause war with them. August first Germany declared war against Russia. Germany thought that Russia would be unprepared for war. The French began to mobilize as well; the French and Russia had an alliance; August 3rd Germany declared war on France. August 4th Britain declared war against Germany. Italy became involved once they broke the triple ... ...

• Word Count: 394
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School