... , including increased productivity, diversity of ideas, a more rational personal policy, and improved community relations" (21). Adding ethnicity and sexual diversity in the workplace deepens the richness of employees, which creates chemistry rather than animosity. The cohesiveness affirmative action indirectly provides results in an ore productive team practice by breaking down the racial barriers, which were established due to the misconceptions people ... of underrepresented groups because their presence enhances the diversity of organization" (33). Affirmative action has accomplished...

• Word Count: 1677
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... for various aspects of an applicant's file and then accept all students above cutoff. While students could get a maximum of eighty points for their GPA and 12 points for their SAT or ACT scores, being from an underrepresented racial or ethnic group would give them an extra twenty points. However, it is still unclear how many minority students would have been ... ongoing critique about the traditional college admissions has been the over-reliance on the standardized tests such as the SAT and the ACT. As a result, there has been continuing debate about possible testing alternatives to the...

• Word Count: 1165
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... preference at the expense of poor whites with stronger academic credentials (Cultural)." This is even more evident in a report by the Center for Equal Opportunity, the report states that "median SAT scores for white students admitted to the Naval Academy in 1995 were 580 in verbal and 610 in math versus 510 in verbal and 590 in math for blacks admitted ... receive preferential treatment at the expense of more qualified whites? Minorities assert that College Board testing is not subjective and is biased towards whites. However, "independent studies show that the SAT predicts college perf...

• Word Count: 2004
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... do not believe me just look at the scholarships offered by Bowling Green State University. An entering freshman that is a non-minority student must have at least a 27 on their SAT and a 3.5 GPA to be considered for any type of scholarship. In contrast, a minority with only a 3.0 GPA and a 21 on their ACT automatically receives a full tuition scholarship. Theoretically a minority student with ... quo. Many of the minority students who are accepted into such institutions are under-qualified and do not succeed at the schools. For instance, the New York Times published mean SAT scores for f...

• Word Count: 2465
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... was approximately sixty times greater than that of their white counterparts. Another interesting fact that was included in the study was the comparison of grade point averages and SAT scores. "The average grade point average for a rejected white student was 3.66 with an SAT score of 1142. The average grade point average for an accepted African-American student was 3.66 with an ... SAT score of 1030." These statistics demonstrate the reverse discrimination against white college applicants due to affirmative action. After you graduate from college, you will be putting in your application ...

• Word Count: 2152
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... very best black applicants a range of scholarships and other monies, soak up a huge portion of the relatively few blacks who score in the top range of the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). The unprepared and under-qualified state of these students often has disasterous effects on the affirmative action beneficiaries. Their graduation rates are considerably lower than their white or asian counterparts ... admitted to UC berkely in 1985, all were admitted under affirmative action criteria rather than academic qualifications. Those students had an average SAT score of 952 compared to the nat...

• Word Count: 912
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... law school. Grutter was not admitted into the school based on its racial preferences. The following year in nineteen ninety-seven, two other white students with good grades and high SAT scores were also denied admission at the University of Michigan. All three students took their case against the University of Michigan to the Supreme Court as Allan Bakke had done ... in education, jobs, and other benefits (Gutmann 23). According to Lino A. Graglia, who is a professor at the University of Texas at Austin, black high-school seniors, on average, have a combined SAT score about two-hundred ...

• Word Count: 1147
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... law school. Grutter was not admitted into the school based on its racial preferences. The following year in nineteen ninety-seven, two other white students with good grades and high SAT scores were also denied admission at the University of Michigan. All three students took their case against the University of Michigan to the Supreme Court as Allan Bakke had done ... in education, jobs, and other benefits (Gutmann 23). According to Lino A. Graglia, who is a professor at the University of Texas at Austin, black high-school seniors, on average, have a combined SAT score about two-hundred ...

• Word Count: 1147
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... included in the 1995 report said that the average grade point average for a rejected white student was 3.66 with an average SAT score of 1142. The average grade point average for an accepted African American student was 3.66 with a 1030 average SAT score. These stunning facts show how many competent, if not gifted students fall between the cracks as s direct result of ... ...

• Word Count: 2570
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... first recognized and the courts ruled unconstitutional to use a quota system. This ruling still provided a good opportunity to attract a diverse student body, but many minorities were not making the acceptable SAT score to enroll in the finer schools in the country. The University of Michigan has received a great deal of publicity with the lawsuits concerning racial discrimination. The cases of Grutter ... programs can amount to unconstitutional reverse discrimination, and even harm those they seek to advance. This special interest in diverse student body in higher education has even co...

• Word Count: 1980
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... consideration is also given to those QUALIFIED minority students. There is that myth however that people admitted into the best UC's are a bunch of minority students with 3.0 GPAs and a low SAT score of 990. However at schools such as UCLA and Berkeley there are no unqualified students. For example the freshman class of 1997; the last class to be admitted with ... affirmative action policies, admitted minorities with an average GPA of 3.9 and an average SAT score of 1240. These numbers do not imply unqualified admission. Under the double take mandate to eliminate affirmative action, sta...

• Word Count: 1910
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... have filled. Other people argue that the ratio of white to black students should stay disproportionate in academic institutions. The support for this lies in the lop-sided SAT scores, because, according to the SAT test results, "on average, black Americans are significantly less intelligent than whites" (Feagin, 244). Yasuchiro Nakasone, the former prime minister of Japan supports this belief by stating ... ...

• Word Count: 1660
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... race as a factor in admissions decisions to public universities. Those that do not support affirmative action believe that it is "reverse discrimination", claiming that a white applicant with higher SAT's and a higher G.P.A., who is rejected in favor of a minority applicant with lower scores, is being discriminated against [Alm03]. Project 21, a minority group against affirmative action, believes that it undermines a minority ... ...

• Word Count: 1760
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... race. If you have lower standards for one group compared to another, you end up with lower results." A way out of the recent epidemic of low academic achievement and noncompetitive SAT scores due to affirmative action admissions policies is to raise academic standards and maintain a high quality curriculum and instructional program at the elementary and secondary school levels. Rather than criticizing ... ...

• Word Count: 1573
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... preferential treatment and insults anyone who is beneficiary of this practice" (Jenkins, 1999, 178). Affirmative action in educational facilities promotes a feeling a reverse discrimination in which whites and Asians with higher SAT scores and grades are denied an education at a prestigious school to fulfill a quota of minorities (Williams, 1997, 173). Affirmative action is not only disappointing in creating equality in schools, it ... ...

• Word Count: 1454
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the minimum academic values, such as the ACT or high school G.P.A., to be lowered for the minority groups. Here is one example: for a white student with a 3.7 G.P.A. (out of 4.0) and an SAT of 1,250 (out of 1,600) would be placed on the waiting list while a minority with the same numbers would be admitted. Terence Pell, a lawyer for the Center for Individual rights ... ...

• Word Count: 2731
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Yet? Racial differences in educational achievement has long been a heated debate and the subject of numerous studies, discussions and even laws all trying to explain and correct this academic phenomenon. SAT scores, grades, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) data and class rank scream the existence of racial lines in our schools as Whites out perform African Americans, Latinos and other ... ...

• Word Count: 1389
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... equally qualified candidates. This is the ideal situation and most common throughout the United States. Selection among comparably qualified candidates is as follows: a minority student with an 1100 on their SAT's compared to a white student who scored a 1120 is hardly a significant amount. Predictions of the general population with scores comparable in this range will not be affected by such trivial differences ... ...

• Word Count: 1740
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... affirmative action at Berkeley because it was mainly helping middle class minorities, who had equivalent or similar resources of[to] a middle class white student, get into the university with lower SAT scores. He feels this process is unfair. He argues that Blacks have made such a great advancement since the 1960's that the majority of African-Americans are not disadvantaged anymore. Therefore ... ...

• Word Count: 1705
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... discriminates itself. Euro-Americans are ultimately the victims of Affirmative Action when less qualified minorities are supposedly taking up space that the privileged white male should have with his perfect SAT and GPA scores. I feel that Affirmative Action should be implemented. However, I do agree that in some ways Affirmative Action is definitely not effective and some ways unfair. So with this ... ...

• Word Count: 1087
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... white students. By giving the minority students extra points, a less qualified student can take the spot of a more qualified white student who did better in high school and on their SAT's. The University of Michigan uses a point system where "being a minority earns you 20 points and writing an outstanding essay earns you only 1 point (Negative about )," so in essence, they are ... ...

• Word Count: 1182
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ' minorities with GPAs above 2.8 (a dismal B minus) or SATs over 830, well below the national average for all who took the test. Asians and whites, by contrast, needed a 3.8 GPA or an SAT above 1,200 to have better than 90% chance of admission [in 1996]" (Thernstrom). In 1997, the UCLA School of Medicine had over 5,000 applicants for only 200 seats. Out of ... ...

• Word Count: 2072
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate